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Stabilization of Bacillus subtilis Lipase A by increasing the residual packing
Abraham1, Tajo,Pil Pack1, Seung,Je Yoo, Young Taylor Francis 2005 Biocatalysis and biotransformation Vol.23 No.3
<P>Introduction of well-packed residues to the interior of a protein structure could be considered as a stabilization strategy since the reduction of buried cavities might stabilize protein structure. In this study, the less-packed residues with no water-contact were selected as target sites for increasing residual packing. When Lipase A from Bacillus subtilis (179 amino acids) was used as a model system, 43 less-packed residues were initially considered by analyzing their residual packing value and residual exposure ratio. Among the 43 residues, small amino acids such as GLY and ALA were chosen as target sites. Packing increases of ALA to VAL and GLY to ALA were estimated, by molecular modeling, to give 0.5368∼⃒0.7433  kcal mol −1 stabilization. Mutants of Lipase A such as A38V, A75V, G80A, A105V A146V, and G172A were obtained via protein engineering. Thermostability assays revealed that A38V, G80A and G172V were the most stable mutants. This procedure for selecting the target residues for improved thermostability of Lipase A could be applied for improving the thermostability of other proteins and enzymes.</P>
최경덕(Kyeongduck Choi),유상길(Sanggil Yoo),강희선(Heesun Kang),박상민(Sangmin Pack) 한국자동차공학회 2007 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
This paper discusses on development of a BMS(Battery Management System) for D-HEV(Diesel-Hybrid Electronic Vehicle) including algorithm of battery(Lithium) SOC(State of Charge) estimation. The algorithm accurately estimates the remaining battery capacity for automated battery management. In this paper, a BMS including technique for battery monitoring(Pack-Voltage, Pack-Current, Cell-Voltage, Pack-Temperature), communication method, digital input/output control, a battery thermal control, and battery protection method is developed.
백민식(Min-Sik Pack),이시연(Si-Yeon Lee),양보석(Bo-Suk Yang),최성철(Sung-Choul Choi),이재근(Jae-Geun Lee) 대한기계학회 2004 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2004 No.11
This paper presents a control plan of clearances for power plant steam turbine with the characteristics of internal clearances. Internal clearances on the interstage of blades and shaft gland seals on the steam turbine which are installed in tandem compound was changed when the rotor turned in the cylindrical sleeve bearing due to the generation of oil film wedge. This presented concern is very useful to prevent the rubbing damage of seal edge between the fixed and moving parts in steam turbine due to the misalignment at the rotating and stationary parts. This method is applied for the unbalanced clearances distribution to the left and right sides in the turbine casing. A considerable amount of unbalanced clearances distribution trend is determined according to the rotating speed of shaft, bearing size, type of journal bearing, bearing load, lubrication oil viscosity, oil temperature, oil pressure and surface roughness of shaft.
Sprechasthetik bei Ernst Jandl
PACK,Sang Be 同德女子大學校 1994 同大論叢 Vol.24 No.1
에론스트 얀들 Ernst Jandl(1926~)의 구술시 Sprechgedicht는 언어 표현체와 시적 대상이 "구체적 konkret"으로 맞물려 있는 것이 특징이다. 이를 두고 문예학에서는 이른바 共起現象 Kookurrenz이라고 명명하고 있다. 이 소논문은 몇몇 구술시를 예로 들어 얀들 시학의 언어학적 자리매김을 시도한 바 구조 음운학과 생성음운론을 원용하여 그의 언술미학을 범박하게 관찰해 본 것이다. 이와같은 시도는 언어학과 문학의 접경지대를 새로이 개척코자하는 Ihwa, Oemen, Kloepfer 등 70년대 이후의 독일 언어학자, 문예이론가들의 업적에 힘입은 것임을 밝혀둔다.
Graph-und Lautzustande des Textes : "웨소브룬너 설교문" 텍스트의 字素및 音韻硏究 "Wessobrunner Predigt"
PACK, Sang Be 釜山大學校 1986 人文論叢 Vol.30 No.1
웨소브룬너 설교문(Wessobrunner Predigt)은 古高獨逸語로 씌어진 텍스트이다. 상기연구물은 이 9세기 코르푸스에 나타난 字素들(Grapheme)과 그것으로 부터 유출해 낼 수 있는 音韻들(Phoneme)을 밝혀내어 그것들을 시스템화 시려 본 것이다. 이러한 작업을 일반적으로 구조주의 언어학자들의 후예들에 의해서 1960년대 이후로 행해쳐 왔고, 오늘날 유행병처럼 연구되고 있는 생성음운론(generetive Phenologie)이나 자연음운른(Natu¨rliche Phonologie)에서는 그 취급이 전무함에, 상기 연구물 역시 구조주의 입장을 취한 字素硏究家 폴프강 · 플라이쉬(WolfgangFleischer), 헤르베르트 · 펜�(Herbert Penzl)의 이론에 입각하여 그 방향을 설정해 본 것이다. 즉 그라프(Graphe)와 음(Laute)이 각기 지닌 고유한 독특성을 인정하면서도 오히려 그것들의 유기적 '역학적 관계에 더욱 관찰의 촛점을 죄여가는 방식을 취해 보았다. 古代獨語 · 中世獨語 ·近世獨語 텍스트들에 대한 字素연구는 앞으로 음운연구 못지 않게 독어학의 주연구분야로 상승해 가야 할 것이다.
An Adaptive Power Saving Mechanism in IEEE 802.11 Wireless IP Networks
Pack Sangheon,Choi Yanghee The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2005 Journal of communications and networks Vol.7 No.2
Reducing energy consumption in mobile hosts (MHs) is one of the most critical issues in wireles/mobile networks. IP paging protocol at network layer and power saving mechanism (PSM) at link layer are two core technologies to reduce the energy consumption of MHs. First, we investigate the energy efficiency of the current IEEE 802.11 power saving mechanism (PSM) when IP paging protocol is deployed over IEEE 802.11 networks. The result reveal that the current IEEE 802.11 PSM with a fixed wakeup interval (i.e., the static PSM) exhibits a degraded performance when it is integrated with IP paging protocol. Therefore, we propose an adaptive power saving mechanism in IEEE 802.11-based wireless IP networks. Unlike the static PSM, the adaptive PSM adjusts the wake-up interval adaptively depending on the session activity at IP layer. Specifically, the MH estimates the idle periods for incoming sessions based on the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) scheme and sets its wake-up interval dynamically by considering the estimated idle period and paging delay bound. For performance evaluation, we have conducted comprehensive simulations and compared the total cost and energy consumption, which are incurred in IP paging protocol in conjunction with various power saving mechanisms: The static PSM, the adaptive PSM, and the optimum PSM. Simulation results show that the adaptive PSM provides a closer performance to the optimum PSM than the static PSM.