Mis-information and Dis-information in UN Peace Operations

( Pk Goswami ) 국방대학교 PKO센터 2023 PKO저널 Vol.27 No.-

One of the challenges of the current UN peace operations is the ‘mis and disinformation’ campaign by the armed rebel groups as well as the not-so-friendly host states to malign the peace operations. Mis and disinformation undermine the trust of local communities, complicate negotiations, and even fuel conflict. This in turn besides placing the peacekeepers lives at risk, tends to alienate the local population. This article discusses how unchecked mis and disinformation campaign can adversely impact the performance of UN peace operations and transforms Blue Flag from a symbol of security into a target for attack.

Antisteroidogenic activity of Raphanus sativus seed extract in female albino mice

PK Haldar,UK Mazumder,Sanjib Bhattacharya,L Manikandan,Siladitya Bhattacharya 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2009 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.9 No.4

The defatted methanol extract of Raphanus sativus Linn. (Cruciferae) seed (MERS) was evaluated for its antisteroidogenic potential in mature female Swiss albino mice. The methanol extract at the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight significantly elevated the levels of cholesterol and ascorbic acid contents which serve as a precursor for the synthesis of steroid hormones in ovaries. The extract also significantly inhibited glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and Δ 5-3β-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase, the two key enzymes involved in ovarian steroidogenesis. Hence the extract (MERS) exhibited significant antisteroidogenic activity. The defatted methanol extract of Raphanus sativus Linn. (Cruciferae) seed (MERS) was evaluated for its antisteroidogenic potential in mature female Swiss albino mice. The methanol extract at the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight significantly elevated the levels of cholesterol and ascorbic acid contents which serve as a precursor for the synthesis of steroid hormones in ovaries. The extract also significantly inhibited glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and Δ 5-3β-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase, the two key enzymes involved in ovarian steroidogenesis. Hence the extract (MERS) exhibited significant antisteroidogenic activity.

Reader’s forum

Jung PK,Lee GC,Moon CH 대한치과교정학회 2016 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.46 No.3

Slide Session : OS-ONC-04 ; Oncology : Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation in Locally Advanced Carcinoma Rectum

( Manoj Behera ),( Pk Julka ),( Gk Rath ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: The standard adjuvant therapy for transmural and/or node +ve rectal cancer is the combination of pelvic radiation with 5FU based chemotherapy, which significantly improves both local control and overall survival. The addition of concurrent chemotherapy to neoadjuvant radiotherapy increases pathological complete response and down staging occurs in about 60% and which may facilitate sphincter preserving surgery in distally located tumors Methods: A total of 50 patients of locally advanced carcinoma rectum were studied from July 2010 to December 2011. Patients with clinical T3 / T4 and N1/N2 cancer of distal rectum were subjected to receive concurrent chemoradiation followed by surgical resection. All the patients were given Tab. Capecitabine@825 mg/m2 twice concurrently with radiation of 45 Gy/25# @ 1.8 Gy for 5 weeks. Surgery was performed 4-6 weeks after completion of chemoradiation. Tumor downstaging and sphincter preservation were the primary endpoints. Acute normal tissue toxicities were taken into account as secondary point. Postoperatively patients with high risk pathological features were treated with adjuvant chemotherapy with FOLFOX regimen. Results: This regimen resulted in overall resectability rate of 75% and a sphincter preservation rate of 40%. The complete pathological response rate was 40%. Diversion colostomy was done in 25% patients who were declared inoperable. Non hematological toxicities viz: diarrhea grade III = 21% and skin reaction grade II =16%; grade III= 5%). Grade II neutropenia (5%) and grade I thrombocytopenia (2%) were the hematological toxicity observed. With a median follow up period of 9 months no loco-regional failure has been seen. Conclusions: Concurrent preoperative chemoradiation for locally advanced carcinoma rectum is associated with improved tumor resectability which results in improved sphincter preservation, local control and is relatively safe, effective and well tolerated.

Antiviral susceptibility of penciclovir resistant mutants derived from herpes simplex virus type 1 in various cell lines

JH Kim,HS Kim,PK Bae,JK Ahn,CK Lee 대한약학회 1999 大韓藥學會 總會 및 學術大會 Vol.48 No.-

AN ENGINEERING SCALE STUDY ON RADIATION GRAFTING OF POLYMERIC ADSORBENTS FOR RECOVERY OF HEAVY METAL IONS FROM SEAWATER

TL PRASAD,AK SAXENA,PK TEWARI,D SATHIYAMOORTHY 한국원자력학회 2009 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.41 No.8

The ocean contains around eighty elements of the periodic table and uranium is also one among them, with a uniform concentration of 3.3 ppb and a relative abundance factor of 23. With a large coastline, India has a large stake in exploiting the 4 billion tonnes of uranium locked in seawater. The development of radiation grafting techniques, which are useful in incorporating the required functional groups, has led to more efficient adsorbent preparations in various geometrical configurations. Separation based on a polymeric adsorbent is becoming an increasingly popular technique for the extraction of trace heavy metals from seawater. Radiation grafting has provided definite advantages over chemical grafting. Studies related to thermally bonded non woven porous polypropylene fiber sheet substrate characterization and parameters to incorporate specific groups such as acrylonitrile (AN) into polymer back bones have been investigated. The grafted polyacrylonitrile chains were chemically modified to convert acrylonitrile group into an amidoxime group, a chelating group responsible for heavy metal uptake from seawater/brine. The present work has been undertaken to concentrate heavy metal ions from lean solutions from constant potential sources only. A scheme was designed and developed for investigation of the recovery of heavy metal ions such as uranium and vanadium from seawater.

Selective in vitro cytotoxicity of Hypericum hookerianum towards cancer cell lines

P., Vijayan,S., Vinod Kumar,Badami, Shrishailappa,PK, Mukherjee,SA, Dhanaraj,B., Suresh Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2003 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.3 No.3

The methanol extracts of the aerial parts, leaves and stem of Hypericum hookerianum were tested for in vitro cytotoxicity on selected normal and cancer cell lines and anti tumor activity using DLA cells. Cell viability and morphological changes were assessed. Among the three extracts tested, the stem extract of Hypericum hookerianum showed potent cytotoxicity against HEp-2 and RD cell lines. The $CTC_{50}$(concentration required to reduce viability by 50%) of this extract was found to be $2.02\;{\mu}g/ml$ for RD cell line, $10.25\;{\mu}g/ml$ for HEp-2 cell line and $100.06\;{\mu}g/ml$ for Vero cell line. In the clonogenic assay, no colony formation was observed up to a concentration of $100\;{\mu}g/ml$. In the short term cytotoxicity studies using DLA cells, 50% viability was observed in the concentration range of $50-100\;{\mu}g/ml$ for aerial parts, $100-200\;{\mu}g/ml$ for stem and more than $200\;{\mu}g/ml$ for leaf extracts of Hypericum hookerianum. In the long-term activity using HEp-2 cell line, no colony formation was observed over a concentration of 200 mg/ml for the stem extract. Hypericum hookerianum stem extract was fractionated into petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol soluble fractions. The petroleum ether and chloroform soluble fractions showed higher cytotoxic activity against HEp-2 cell line when compared to the other two fractions. The methanol stem extract of Hypericum hookerianum has the potential for further investigation in animal models to determine its anti-tumor activity and to identify its active principles.

ON MAXIMAL COMPACT FRAMES

Jayaprasad, PN,Madhavan, Namboothiri NM,Santhosh, PK,Varghese, Jacob The Kangwon-Kyungki Mathematical Society 2021 한국수학논문집 Vol.29 No.3

Every closed subset of a compact topological space is compact. Also every compact subset of a Hausdorff topological space is closed. It follows that compact subsets are precisely the closed subsets in a compact Hausdorff space. It is also proved that a topological space is maximal compact if and only if its compact subsets are precisely the closed subsets. A locale is a categorical extension of topological spaces and a frame is an object in its opposite category. We investigate to find whether the closed sublocales are exactly the compact sublocales of a compact Hausdorff frame. We also try to investigate whether the closed sublocales are exactly the compact sublocales of a maximal compact frame.

Hepatoprotective activity of methanol extracts of Glinus oppositifolius and Trianthema decandra against paracetamol induced liver damage

Gupta, M,Mazumder, UK,Haldar, PK,Manikandan, L,Senthilkumar, GP,Kandar, CC Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2007 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.7 No.1

The plants, Trianthema decandra and Glinus oppositifolius are commonly used by tribal people in India for the treatment of liver diseases. Hepatoprotective activity of methanol extracts of Glinus oppositifolius and Trianthema decandra at the dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight administered orally was evaluated against paracetamol induced liver damage in rats. Biochemical parameters such as serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, serum alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, total serum protein, lipid peroxide and glutathione content of the liver were estimated to determine liver function and metabolism. From the biochemical observations, it was concluded that methanol extracts of Glinus oppositifolius and Trianthema decandra significantly restored the altered biochemical parameters towards normal condition in paracetamol induced liver damage.

Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of Pandanus fascicularis Lamk. leaves in animal models

Panda, Prabhudutta,Panda, DP,Panda, PK,Nayak, SS Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2008 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.7 No.5

The present study was carried out to elucidate the potential of, chloroform extract of Pandanus (P.) fascicularis Lamk (Family-Pandanaceae) leaves on antinociceptive, behavioral study and anti-inflammatory effects using various animal models The dried, powdered leaves of, P. fascicularis were extracted successively with petroleum ether ($60\;-\;80^{\circ}C$) and chloroform in soxhlet apparatus. The chloroform extract (yield 21.6% w/w with respected to dry powdered plant material) was selected for all experimental procedure. Two models were employed to investigate the effects on nociception, the tail immersion and hot plate method in Swiss albino mice and anti inflammatory effect were investigated by employing the carrageenan induced rat paw edema test in. adult Wister albino rats. Behavioral study was investigated by elevated plus maze method in Swiss albino mice. Results were revealed that the PFCE was found significant antinociceptive effect (P < 0.001) at the dose levels of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, orally in mice and produced remarkable antiinflammatory effect (P < 0.001) at the same dose levels used in the rats. Behavioral study of the PFCE has no significant anxiolysis effect when used orally. It concludes that, PFCE possessed remarkable antinociceptive effect and anti-inflammatory effect but no anxiolytic effect on animal models.