DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS OF LOGICAL RELATIONS

( Osawa?mitsuru ) 한국감성과학회 2000 춘계학술대회 Vol.2000 No.-

Discriminant analysis is a method to relate whether the objects have a specific characteristic or not with their ``continuous`` attribute values and, for given objects, to estimate whether they have a specific characteristic or not bytheir values of discriminant scores gotten from their attribute values. The author developed the new ``computational`` method of discriminant analysis without specific hypotheses or assumptions and, by this new method, we can find ``feasible`` solutions under the conditions required by our actual problems. In this paper, the author tried to apply this new method to the discrimination of logical relations. If this trial could be a success, we can apply this new method of discriminant analysis to the problems about relating the specific characteristic of the objects with their ``discrete`` attribute values. The result was successful and the applicability of discriminant analysis could be expanded as a method for constructing the models for "estimating impressions".

Association between Polymorphisms in UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A6 and 1A7 and Colorectal Cancer Risk

Osawa, Kayo,Nakarai, Chiaki,Akiyama, Minami,Hashimoto, Ryuta,Tsutou, Akimitsu,Takahashi, Juro,Takaoka, Yuko,Kawamura, Shiro,Shimada, Etsuji,Tanaka, Kenichi,Kozuka, Masaya,Yamamoto, Masahiro,Kido, Yosh Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.5

Genetic polymorphisms of uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferases 1A6 (UGT1A6) and 1A7 (UGT1A7) may lead to genetic instability and colorectal cancer carcinogenesis. Our objective was to measure the interaction between polymorphisms of these repair genes and tobacco smoking in colorectal cancer (CRC). A total of 68 individuals with CRC and 112 non-cancer controls were divided into non-smoker and smoker groups according to pack-years of smoking. Genetic polymorphisms of UGT1A6 and UGT1A7 were examined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). We found a weak association of UGT1A6 polymorphisms with CRC risk (crude odds ratio [OR], 1.65;95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.9-3.1, P=0.107; adjusted OR 1.95%, 95% CI 1.0-3.8, P=0.051). The ORs for the UGT1A7 polymorphisms were statistically significant (crude OR: 26.40, 95% CI: 3.5-198.4, P=0.001; adjusted OR: 21.52, 95% CI: 2.8-164.1, P=0.003). The joint effect of tobacco exposure and UGTIA6 polymorphisms was significantly associated with colorectal cancer risk in non-smokers (crude OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 0.9-5.0, P=0.092; adjusted OR 2.63, 95% CI, 1.0-6.7, P=0.042). In conclusion, our findings suggest that UGT1A6 and UGT1A7 gene polymorphisms are associated with CRC risk in the Japanese population. In particualr, UGT1A6 polymorphisms may strongly increase CRC risk through the formation of carcinogens not associated with smoking.

An Empirical Analysis of the Valley of Death: Large-scale R&D Project Performance in a Japanese Diversified Company

Osawa Yoshitaka,Miyazaki Kumiko The Korean Society for Technology Manageme and Eco 2006 Journal of Technology Innovation Vol.14 No.2

The purpose of this study is to contribute reference material that provides insight into innovative process management that increases R&D output in commercializing new products. A model of a process from research to commercialization with the cumulative profit and loss curve is put forward and hypotheses related to success and failure are developed at the stages up to product launch. Seventeen large projects that have resulted in successful product launches have been examined from the initial research stage to commercialization. Prefect duration, standardized cumulative R&D expenditures and research resource concentration are analyzed in terms of statistical method and patterns in cumulative profit and loss curves after product sales, as well as the reasons for and other aspects of success/failure are investigated and analyzed. Consequently, valuable information on future management tasks has been obtained such as: (1) project duration differs depending on market sectors, product types and presence/absence of materials research (2) cumulative profit and loss curves can be categorized into four patterns (3) reasons for failure can be divided into technological and market problem categories and (4) these factors have an impact on product sales.

An algorithm to predict the need for invasive mechanical ventilation in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: the experience in Sao Paulo

Osawa Eduardo Atsushi,Maciel Alexandre Toledo 대한중환자의학회 2022 Acute and Critical Care Vol.37 No.4

Background: We aimed to characterize patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and identify predictors of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study in patients with COVID-19 admitted to a private network in Sao Paulo, Brazil from March to October 2020. Patients were compared in three subgroups: non-intensive care unit (ICU) admission (group A), ICU admission without receiving IMV (group B) and IMV requirement (group C). We developed logistic regression algorithm to identify predictors of IMV. Results: We analyzed 1,650 patients, the median age was 53 years (range, 42–65) and 986 patients (59.8%) were male. The median duration from symptom onset to hospital admission was 7 days (5–9) and the main comorbidities were hypertension (42.4%), diabetes (24.2%) and obesity (15.8%). We found differences among subgroups in laboratory values obtained at hospital admission. The predictors of IMV (odds ratio and 95% confidence interval [CI]) were male (1.81 [1.11–2.94], P=0.018), age (1.03 [1.02–1.05], P<0.001), obesity (2.56 [1.57–4.15], P<0.001), duration from symptom onset to admission (0.91 [0.85–0.98], P=0.011), arterial oxygen saturation (0.95 [0.92–0.99], P=0.012), C-reactive protein (1.005 [1.002–1.008], P<0.001), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (1.046 [1.005–1.089], P=0.029) and lactate dehydrogenase (1.005 [1.003–1.007], P<0.001). The area under the curve values were 0.860 (95% CI, 0.829–0.892) in the development cohort and 0.801 (95% CI, 0.733–0.870) in the validation cohort.Conclusions: Patients had distinct clinical and laboratory parameters early in hospital admission. Our prediction model may enable focused care in patients at high risk of IMV.

CO_2_ EXCHANGE COEFFICIENT IN THE WORLD OCEAN USING SATELLITE DATA

Osawa, Takahiro,Masatoshi, Akiyama,Jun, Suwa,Sugimori, Yasuhiro,Chen, Rui 대한원격탐사학회 1998 International Symposium on Remote Sensing Vol.14 No.1

CO2 transfer velocity is one of the key parameters for CO2 flux estimation at air - sea interface. However, current studies show that significant inconsistency still exists in its estimation when using different models and remotely sensed data sets, which acts as one of the main uncertainties involved in the computation of CO2 exchange coefficient between air - sea interface. In this study, wind data collected from SSM/I and scatterometer onboard ERS-1, in conjunction with operational NOAA/AVHRR, are applied to different models for calculating CO2 exchange coefficient in the world ocean. Their interrelationship and discrepancies inherent with different models and satellite data are analyzed. Finally, the seasonal and inter-annual variation of CO2 exchanges coefficient for different ocean basins are presented and discussed.

Climatological Estimation of Sea Surface CO2 Partial Pressure in the North Pacific Oceans by Satellite data

Osawa, Takahiro,Akiyama, Masatoshi,Sugimori, Yasuhiro 대한원격탐사학회 1999 International Symposium on Remote Sensing Vol.15 No.1

As one of the key parameters to determine CO₂ flux between air - sea interface, it is quite important to know pCO₂, which has involved much uncertainty, mainly due to the complex variations of sea surface pCO₂and the paucity of samples, made in ocean. In order to improve the interrelationship between partial pressure (pCO₂) and different physical and biochemical parameters in global sea surface water, a new empirical relation is established to correlate and parameterize pCO₂ in the mixed layer using the data from recent WOCE cruises. Meanwhile, by new empirical relation, abundant historical hydrographic and nutrients ship data, Levitus data set and NOAA/AVHRR(SST), pCO₂have been accumulated and applied. Then effort has to be made for promotion of this study to correlate and parameterize pCO₂in the mixed Layer with different physical and biochemical parameters, and further attribute this huge historical data sets and NOAA/AVHRR(SST) data to estimate pCO₂. In this paper we analyzed more interrelationship between the model and ship/satellite data set. Finally, the inter-annual variations of pCO₂ in sea are presented and discussed.

Frog Habitats in the Rural landscape Known as Yato "dell with paddy fields"in suburban Area in South Kanto Plain

Osawa, Satoshi,Katsuno, Takehiko The Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture 2001 Journal of the Korean institute of landscape archi Vol.1 No.-

Residents of urban area like to be near rural animals during their daily life, so it is important conserve the suburban Yato landscape in Japan. This study targets the species of frogs that are commonly found in Yato paddies. It is necessary to various frogs inhabiting in Yato, because frogs are popular among Japanese, who as children enjoy capturing tadpoles and frogs. Its purpose is to clarify how that composition of frog species changes when the functionality of a frog habitat is diminished by urbanization. The survey, conducted in the Eastern Kanagawa area in central Japan, determined the distribution of each species of frog in grid cells measuring 0.5-$\textrm{km}^2$. It hsows wide distributing species (Hyla japonica; they always inhabit in all paddies), the middle range distributing species (Rhacophorus schlegelii and Rana porosa p.), the limited range distributing species (R. rugosa; they are most critical species, sine they are recognized only two cells), and so on. Correspondence analysis based on the frog species composition in each cell was performed to ascertain the adaptability of each species to various paddy field conditions. The results allowed us to classify cells into four groups according to the composition of the inhabiting species. And we recognized that the process by which frogs disappear occurs in reaction to either of two patterns of change. As paddy fields are improved by farmland consolidation, R. rugosa, R. ornativentris, R. japonica, and Bufo. japonica f. decline rapidly. In plateau areas, a smore andmore paddies are converted into strong, well-drained fields, only H. japonica and R. porosa p. remain. But in hilly areasd, the species composition becomes only H. japonica and R. schlegelii. Finally, we discuss the concept of ecological urban design in the context of the conservation of frog species in Yato paddies.

Adsorption behavior of platinum-group metals and Co-existing metal ions from simulated high-level liquid waste using HONTA and Crea impregnated adsorbent

Osawa Naoki,Kim Seong-Yun,Kubota Masahiko,Wu Hao,Watanabe Sou,Ito Tatsuya,Nagaishi Ryuji 한국원자력학회 2024 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.56 No.3

The volume and toxicity of radioactive waste can be decreased by separating the components of high-level liquid waste according to their properties. An impregnated silica-based adsorbent was prepared in this study by combining N,N,N′,N′,N″,N″-hexa-n-octylnitrilotriacetamide (HONTA) extractant, N′,N′-di-n-hexyl-thiodiglycolamide (Crea) extractant, and macroporous silica polymer composite particles (SiO2–P). The performance of platinum-group metals adsorption and separation on prepared (HONTA + Crea)/SiO2–P adsorbent was then assessed together with that of co-existing metal ions by batch-adsorption and chromatographic separation studies. From the batch-adsorption experiment results, (HONTA + Crea)/SiO2–P adsorbent showed high adsorption performance of Pd(II) owing to an affinity between Pd(II) and Crea extractant based on the Hard and Soft Acids and Bases theory. Additionally, significant adsorption performance was observed toward Zr(IV) and Mo(VI). Compared with studies using the Crea extractant, the high adsorption performance of Zr(IV) and Mo(VI) is attributed to the HONTA extractant. As revealed from the chromatographic experiment results, most of Pd(II) was recovered from the feed solution using 0.2 M thiourea in 0.1 M HNO3. Additionally, the possibility of recovery of Zr(IV), Mo(VI), and Re(VII) was observed using the (HONTA + Crea)/SiO2–P adsorbent.

BEITRA¨GE ZUR PHARMAKOLOGIE UND PHYSIOLOGIE DER INTRAKARDIALEN GANGLIENZELLEN

OSAWA, Masaru 京城帝國大學法文學部 1932 京城心理學彙報 Vol.1 No.4

A study of quantum efficiency measurement for phosphor solutions

Yoshihiro Osawa 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2013 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.14 No.S1

Recent times have seen an increase in the development of fluorescent and phosphorescent materials for applications including LED lamps and EL. We have reported on the development of a quantum efficiency measurement system for powder samples [1]. The main issue has been to measure quantum efficiency to evaluate it for solution samples. In this study, we have developed measurement process for quantum efficiency using integrating hemisphere system with eliminating the problem of 2nd order fluorescence, which is called “Re-excitation”. We have used our system to perform measurements on Fluorescein (C20H12O5, MW: 332.306) and Quinine Sulfate, dihydrate (C20H24N2O2, MW: 782.96) and some other materials as standard samples. The results, which we report here, correspond to the literature values [2-5].