EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PEAK CONCENTRATIONS OF HALON ALTERNATIVES AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE

Ohtani,Hideo,Washimi,Akiko,Uehara,Yoichi 한국화재소방학회 1997 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1997 No.-

Production of so-called Halon fire extinguishing agents has been prohibited since January 1994 because of their ozone depletion potential, To replace them, several hydrofluorocarbons and fluorocarbons have been developed and utilized. A number of studies on flame extinguishing concentrations and flammability peak concentrations of them have been done. Although there was enough information for practical purpose, more knowledge on fire extinguishing characteristics of them should be attained for efficient use of them. In this study, peak concentrations of methane/air mixtures with gaseous halogenated hydrocarbons were measured at elevated temperature, because the former studies were done at room temperature and temperature of a fire room can be higher than usual. Measurement was done at <TEX>$200^{\circ}C$</TEX>, because measuring system could not endure higher temperature. This study revealed that peak concentrations of halogenated hydrocarbons differed little at elevated temperature. The halogenated hydrocarbons have almost the same fire extinguishing ability as Halon 1301.

Milk Fat Analysis by Fiber-optic Spectroscopy

Ohtani, S.,Wang, T.,Nishimura, K.,Irie, M. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.4

We have evaluated the application of spectroscopy using an insertion-type fiber-optic probe and a sensor at wavelengths from 400 to 1,100 nm to the measurement of milk fat content on dairy farms. The internal reflectance ratios of 183 milk samples were determined with a fiber-optic spectrophotometer at 5$^{\circ}C$, 20$^{\circ}C$ and 40$^{\circ}C$. Partial least squares (PLS) regression was used to develop calibration models for the milk fat. The best accuracy of determination was found for an equation that was obtained using smoothed internal reflectance data and three PLS factors at 20$^{\circ}C$. The correlation coefficients between predicted and reference milk fat at 5$^{\circ}C$, 20$^{\circ}C$ and 40$^{\circ}C$ were r=0.753, r=0.796 and r=0.783, respectively. The predictive explained variances ($Q^2$) of the final model, moreover, were more than 0.550 at all temperatures, and the regression coefficients of determination ($R^2$) were more than 0.6 (60%). Our results indicate that milk has different internal reflectance measured in the range of visible and near infrared wavelengths (400 to 1,100 nm), depending on its fat content.

Development of Contaminant Detection System using HTS SQUIDs

Ohtani, T.,Tanaka, S.,Narita, Y.,Ariyoshi, S.,Suzuki, S. The Korea Institute of Applied Superconductivity a 2015 한국초전도저온공학회논문지 Vol.17 No.4

In terms of food safety,mixture of contaminants in food is a serious problem for not only consumers but also manufacturers. In general, the target size of the metallic contaminant to be removed is 0.5 mm. However, it is a difficult task for manufacturers to achieve this target, because of lower system sensitivity. Therefore, we developed a food contaminant detection system based on high-Tc RF superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs), which are highly sensitive magnetic sensors. This study aims to improve the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the system and detect a 0.5 mm diameter steel ball. Using a real time digital signal processing technique along with analog band-pass filters, we improved the SNR of the system. Owing to the improved SNR, a steel ball with a diameter as small as 0.3 mm, with stand-off distance of 117 mm was successfully detected. These results suggest that the proposed system is a promising candidate for the detection of metallic contaminants in food products.

PHOTOCATALYTIC SYNTHESIS OF L-PIPECOLINIC ACID FROM $N_{varepsilon}$-CARBAMYL-L-LYSINE BY AQUEOUS SUSPENSION OF PLATINIZED TITANIUM(IV) OXIDE

Ohtani, Bunsho,Aoki, Eishiro,Iwai, Kunihiro,Nishimoto, Sei-Ichi Korean Society of Photoscience 1994 Journal of Photosciences Vol.1 No.1

Photoirradiation at > 300 nm onto a suspension of platinized TiO$_2$ (TiO$_2$-Pt) particles in an aqueous solution. of N$_{\varepsilon}$-carbamyI-L-lysine (Lys(CONH)$_2$) induced the selective N-cyclization of Lys(CONH$_2$) into almost optically pure L-pipecolinic acid (PCA) under argon atmosphere at ambient temperature. Among various TiO$_2$-Pt catalysts, a P-25 (Degussa) powder platinized via impregnation from chloroplatinic acid followed by hydrogen reduction at 753 K exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity for Lys(CONH$_2$) consumption and L-PCA production. GC-MS analyses of L-PCA obtained photocatalytically from $^{15}$N$\alpha$-Lys(CONH$_2$) revealed the selective formation $^{15}$N-substituted L-PCA. This implies that the mechanism for L-PCA production contains selective cleavage of C$_{\varepsilon}$-N bond and intramolecular alkylation at $\alpha$-amino group. Effect of pH on the rate of this photocatalytic reaction was investigated in detail and compared with the pH-dependent charge distribution in Lys(CONH$_2$) molecule. It is clarified that protonation-deprotonation of $\alpha$-amino group gives marked influence on the rate and selectivity of the photocatalytic reaction. On the basis of these results, it is concluded that the selective production of optically pure L-PCA, especially in an acidic suspension of TiO$_2$-Pt, was attributed to the enhanced protonation of $\alpha$-amino group to prevent undesirable oxidation by photogenerated positive holes and blocking of $\varepsilon$-amino group to yield racemic Schiff base intermediate.

Gene expression and hormonal regulation of adiponectin and its receptors in bovine mammary gland and mammary epithelial cells

OHTANI, Yoshihisa,YONEZAWA, Tomo,SONG, Sang‐,Houn,TAKAHASHI, Tatsuyuki,ARDIYANTI, Astrid,SATO, Katsuyoshi,HAGINO, Akihiko,ROH, Sang‐,gun,KATOH, Kazuo Blackwell Publishing Asia 2011 Animal science journal Vol.82 No.1

<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>Although the functions of adiponectin, a differentiated adipocyte‐derived hormone, in regulating glucose and fatty acid metabolism are regulated by two subtypes of adiponectin receptors (AdipoRs; AdipoR1 and AdipoR2), those in ruminants remain unclear. Therefore we examined the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of adiponectin and its receptors in various bovine tissues and mammary glands among different lactation stages, and the effects of lactogenic hormones (insulin, dexamethasone and prolactin) and growth hormone (GH) on mRNA expression of the AdipoRs in cultured bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMEC). AdipoRs mRNAs were widely expressed in various bovine tissues, but adiponectin mRNA expression was significantly higher in adipose tissue than in other tissues. In the mammary gland, although adiponectin mRNA expression was significantly decreased at lactation, AdipoR1 mRNA expression was significantly higher at peak lactation than at the dry‐off stage. In BMEC, lactogenic hormones and GH upregulated AdipoR2 mRNA expression but did not change that of AdipoR1. In conclusion, adiponectin and its receptor mRNA were expressed in various bovine tissues and the adiponectin mRNA level was decreased during lactation. These results suggest that adiponectin and its receptors ware changed in mammary glands by lactation and that AdipoRs mRNA expression was regulated by different pathways in BMEC.</P>

Construction of an artificially randomized IgNAR phage display library: screening of variable regions that bind to hen egg white lysozyme.

Ohtani, Maki,Hikima, Jun-ichi,Jung, Tae Sung,Kondo, Hidehiro,Hirono, Ikuo,Aoki, Takashi Springer-Verlag New York Inc 2013 Marine biotechnology Vol.15 No.1

<P>To develop a multi-antigen-specific immunoglobulin new antigen receptor (IgNAR) variable (V) region phage display library, CDR3 in the V region of IgNAR from banded houndshark (Triakis scyllium) was artificially randomized, and clones specific for hen egg white lysozyme (HEL) were obtained by the biopanning method. The nucleotide sequence of CDR3 in the V region was randomly rearranged by PCR. Randomized CDR3-containing segments of the V region were ligated into T7 phage vector to construct a phage display library and resulted in a phage titer of 3.7??10(7) PFU/ml. Forty clones that contained randomized CDR3 inserts were sequenced and shown to have different nucleotide sequences. The HEL-specific clones were screened by biopanning using HEL-coated ELISA plates. After six rounds of screening, nine clones were identified as HEL-specific, eight of which showed a strong affinity to HEL in ELISA compared to a negative control (i.e., empty phage clone). The deduced amino acid sequences of CDR3 from the HEL-specific phage clones fell into four types (I-IV): type I contains a single cysteine residue and type II-IV contain two cysteine residues. These results indicated that the artificially randomized IgNAR library is useful for the rapid isolation of antigen-specific IgNAR V region without immunization of target antigen and showed that it is possible to isolate an antigen-specific IgNAR V region from this library.</P>

Transcriptional regulation of type I interferon gene expression by interferon regulatory factor-3 in Japanese flounder, <i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>

Ohtani, Maki,Hikima, Jun-ichi,Hwang, Seong Don,Morita, Takahiro,Suzuki, Yoshiaki,Kato, Goshi,Kondo, Hidehiro,Hirono, Ikuo,Jung, Tae-Sung,Aoki, Takashi Elsevier 2012 DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY Vol.36 No.4

<P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► Japanese flounder type I IFN gene was cloned and clustered with Acanthopterygii. ► The poly I:C-responsible region (−634 to −179bp) was found in IFN promoter. ► Transcriptional activity of IFN promoter was enhanced by the flounder IRF3. ► The activity of IFN promoter was induced by RLRs after poly I:C-stimulation.</P> <P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Type I interferon (IFN) induces the antiviral response in innate immunity. The type I IFN gene cloned from Japanese flounder (<I>Paralichthys olivaceus</I>) has a length of 1189bp and consisting of 5 exons and 4 introns. In a phylogenetic tree of type I IFNs, Japanese flounder grouped with other Acanthopterygii. To gain insight into the transcriptional regulation of IFN gene, the 1.36kb 5′-upstream region including numerous canonical motifs to bind transcription factors [for example, IFN regulatory factor (IRF)] was analyzed. In HINAE cells using a luciferase reporter assay, poly I:C-responsive transcriptional activity was found in the region from −634 to −179bp. This region includes several IRF motifs. In the presence of poly I:C, overexpression of IRF3 and RLR strongly enhanced transcriptional activity. These results suggest that the transcriptional regulation of Japanese flounder type I IFN is regulated by IRF3 after triggering with dsRNA sensors.</P>

Characterization and antiviral function of a cytosolic sensor gene, MDA5, in Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus

Ohtani, M.,Hikima, J.i.,Kondo, H.,Hirono, I.,Jung, T.S.,Aoki, T. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd ; Pergamon 2011 Developmental and comparative immunology Vol.35 No.5

Cytosolic pattern recognition receptors such as retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) play an important role in sensing viral RNAs. The receptor encoded by melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5), an RLR, recognizes viral RNA in the cytoplasm and enhances antiviral response in host cells. The full-length MDA5 gene in Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus was cloned and found to have 11,251 nucleotides. MDA5 transcript abundance was significantly increased in whole kidney infected with viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) as well as whole kidney and peripheral blood leukocytes stimulated with poly I:C in vitro. Hirame natural embryo (HINAE) cells overexpressing MDA5 showed a lower cytopathic effect (CPE) against VHSV, hirame rhabdovirus (HIRRV) and infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) infection. When infected with VHSV, MDA5-overexpressing HINAE cells had 24-75 fold lower virus titer than normal HINAE cells. These results suggest that Japanese flounder MDA5 is involved in the induction of antiviral response.

Variable domain antibodies specific for viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) selected from a randomized IgNAR phage display library

Ohtani, M.,Hikima, J.i.,Jung, T.S.,Kondo, H.,Hirono, I.,Takeyama, H.,Aoki, T. Academic Press 2013 FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY Vol.34 No.2

Phage display libraries are used to screen for nucleotide sequences that encode immunoglobulin variable (V) regions that are specific for a target antigen. We previously constructed an immunoglobulin new antigen receptor (IgNAR) phage display library. Here we used this library to obtain an IgNAR V region that is specific for viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV). A phage clone (clone 653) was found to be specific for VHSV by the biopanning method. The V region of clone 653 was used to construct a 6 x His tagged recombinant IgNAR-653 V protein (rIgNAR-653) using the Escherichia coli pET system. The rIgNAR-653 protein bound specifically to VHSV, confirming its activity.

伝統的工芸品・房州うちわの産業振興に関する調査・研究 -その課題の抽出と対策-

Ohtani Mikio 사단법인 한국브랜드디자인학회 2008 브랜드디자인학연구 Vol.6 No.1

This paper aims to investigate the Boushu Round Fan as the one of National Designated Traditional Craft that is produced on Southern Chiba. By analyzing the history and present condition, this study tried to find the essential matters for future Industrial Promotion. This Boushu Round Fan Industry recently rapidly decrease and be done only by the aged people. Problems to discover the present values and the lack of bamboo as the basic material also caused the decreasing of the production activity of Bousho Round Fan. Based on field survey, by various perspectives this study concretely observed the promotion plan.