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김예니(Kim Ye-Nie) 돈암어문학회 2005 돈암어문학 Vol.- No.18
The strategy of the narrative in the novel of Eun Hi-Kyoung is verified. First, in her text whose character has “the cynical smile” and “the feigned wickedness”, which has the peculiarity that a “focalizer” and “voice” in the text is divided and overlaped. When a focalizer and voice is certainly divided, a focalizer secures the distance with the objectivity and just get a view of the world and the object as well as a character in the text with a view of “the cynical smile” and “the feigned wickedness”. But in the story about the past which is located in the interval of the present time, a focalizer and voice is unjustly divided, or overlaped almost. And throughout this story about the past, A event of the precent which looks meaningless acquires the meaning. At this time, we can realize that the writer is hiding away a restrained desire and thought behind the “the cynical smile”.<br/> Second, the Hard-cut of Montage which appears in the 「The House that I had been」 shows the transformed space made in the memory which looks the object. The arrangement that the past and the present, or difficult stories, or the object and the space stand in a line gives a reader the construable space. At the same time, the meaningless event that happens now has the meaning throughout the memory about the past and a reader can see and feel the space closer than others. Those peculiarities are the modern novel's and film-art's. Eun Hi-Kyoung makes the effect throughout the strategy of the narrative which evokes “the cynical smile” and "the feigned wickedness" that it is made in that a focalizer and voice is divided and overlaped, or situations and shots stand in a line.
Gui-bo Nie,Chenxiao Zhang,Xudong Zhi,Kun Liu,Huihuan Ma 한국강구조학회 2019 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.19 No.2
Q235B and Q345B are two structural steel grades widely used in China. In previous studies, more precisely in 2012, Nie defi ned a normalized constitutive model using material damage accumulation to describe damage behavior of Q235B steel in circular tubes. This paper focuses on the hysteretic damage behavior of Q345B steel in a circular steel tube under cyclic loads and describes the damage mechanism through a damage constitutive model based on experimental results. Three equations are implemented in the constitutive model, which includes a damage index to accurately describe the plastic and damage behavior of the material. Experiments were conducted in which a cyclic loading is applied in three directions on a circular steel tube. The constitutive model was implemented in the ABAQUS FEA software through a user-defi ned subroutine. Some parameters in the constitutive model were calibrated based on the experimental and numerical results. The performance behavior of a single-layer reticulated dome under seismic motion record was investigated through the increment dynamic analysis method. The results indicate that the constitutive model is suitable for analyses and quantifying seismic damage accumulation and progressive failure and it is also benefi cial for investigating the nonlinear dynamic behavior of structures under seismic loads. The eff ect of accumulated material damage can describe large-scale structural deformation and obvious reduction in the failure limit load.
The Religious Studies in Pakistan: A Review
Nie Jiao,Qin Ruijing,Tu Huazhong 아시아사회과학학회 2020 Jornal of Asia Social Science Vol.1 No.3
Religious issues are an unavoidable theme in the study of Pakistan. Pakistan is an Islamic country lacking a stable political order, which occupies an important position in its domestic politics due to its religious influence. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study and summarize the religious management mode and experience in Pakistan. At present, academic circles at home and abroad have conducted many studies on Pakistan’s religious issues, but there are relatively few specific studies on Pakistan’s religious management models and experience. Combing and analyzing the existing research results is conducive to grasping the current research trends as a whole, and digging out further problems and directions.
GPU-based Stereo Matching Algorithm with the Strategy of Population-based Incremental Learning
Nie, Dong-Hu,Han, Kyu-Phil,Lee, Heng-Suk Korea Information Processing Society 2009 Journal of information processing systems Vol.5 No.2
To solve the general problems surrounding the application of genetic algorithms in stereo matching, two measures are proposed. Firstly, the strategy of simplified population-based incremental learning (PBIL) is adopted to reduce the problems with memory consumption and search inefficiency, and a scheme for controlling the distance of neighbors for disparity smoothness is inserted to obtain a wide-area consistency of disparities. In addition, an alternative version of the proposed algorithm, without the use of a probability vector, is also presented for simpler set-ups. Secondly, programmable graphics-hardware (GPU) consists of multiple multi-processors and has a powerful parallelism which can perform operations in parallel at low cost. Therefore, in order to decrease the running time further, a model of the proposed algorithm, which can be run on programmable graphics-hardware (GPU), is presented for the first time. The algorithms are implemented on the CPU as well as on the GPU and are evaluated by experiments. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm offers better performance than traditional BMA methods with a deliberate relaxation and its modified version in terms of both running speed and stability. The comparison of computation times for the algorithm both on the GPU and the CPU shows that the former has more speed-up than the latter, the bigger the image size is.
Nie, Shu-Ping,Chen, Hui,Zhuang, Mao-Qiang,Lu, Ming Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.16
Objectives: Several preclinical and observational studies have shown that anti-diabetic medications (ADMs) may modify the risk of lung cancer. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the effect of metformin, sulfonylureas (SUs), thiazolidinediones (TZDs), and insulin on the risk of lung cancer in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Materials and Methods: We conducted a systematic search of Pubmed and Web of Science, up to August 20, 2013. We also searched the Conference Proceedings Citation Index (CPCI) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) for abstracts from major meetings. Fixed or random effect pooled measures were selected based on heterogeneity among studies, which was evaluated using Q test and the I2 of Higgins and Thompson. Meta-regression was used to explore the sources of between-study heterogeneity. Publication bias was analyzed by Begg's funnel plot and Egger's regression test. Associations were assessed by odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: A total of 15 studies (11 cohort, 4 case-control) were included in this meta-analysis. In observational studies no significant association between metformin (n=11 studies; adjusted OR=0.99, 95%CI: 0.87-1.12), SUs (n=5 studies; adjusted OR=0.98, 95%CI: 0.79-1.22), or TZDs (n=7 studies; adjusted OR=0.92, 95%CI: 0.75-1.13), insulin (n=6 studies; adjusted OR=1.13, 95%CI: 0.79-1.62) use and risk of developing lung cancer was noted. There was considerable inherent heterogeneity between studies not explained by study design, setting, or location. Conclusions: Meta-analysis of existing studies does not support a protective or harmful association between ADMs use and risk of lung cancer in patients with DM. There was considerable heterogeneity across studies, and future, well-designed, prospective studies would be required for better understanding of any association.
Nie, Haitao,Wang, Ziyu,You, Jihao,Zhu, Gang,Wang, Hengchang,Wang, Feng Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.1
Objective: The effects of Pleurotus ostreatus on the feed utilization of broad bean stalks (BBS), rape straw (RS), paddy straw (PS), and corn stalk (CS) was examined. Methods: The four roughages were co-cultured with Pleurotus ostreatus. The chemical composition; enzyme activities of laccase, carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) and xylanase; carbohydrate and protein fractions (based on The Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System [CNCPS]) were assessed at different days after inoculation (7, 14, 21, 28 d) and un-inoculated roughages (control, 0 d). The digestibility of nutrient components and the gas production of roughage with various incubation times were monitored at 0, 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 h using an in vitro ruminal fermentation method. Results: A higher CMCase activity (0.1039 U/mL) and earlier time to peak (14 d) were detected in Pleurotus ostreatus cultured with CS (p<0.05). Significantly, the incubation length-dependent responses of cumulative gas production were observed from 24 to 72 hours post fermentation (p<0.05), and these incubation length-dependent effects on cumulative gas production of PS and CS appeared earlier (24 h) for PS and CS than those (48 h) for BBS and RS (p<0.05). The fast-degradable carbohydrate (CA) content for all four roughages significantly increased over time (p<0.05). Nonetheless, increased degradation efficiency for CA treated with Pleurotus ostreatus was detected at both 21 and 28 days of incubation (p<0.05). With the exception of PS (p<0.05), there were no significant difference among the roughages (p>0.05) in slowly-degradable carbohydrate (CB2) at different incubation times (p<0.05). Conclusion: Assessment of the alterations in chemical composition, CNCPS system fractions, and the fermentation kinetics after biological pretreatment may yield a valuable database for evaluating the biological pretreatment of Pleurotus ostreatus in ruminant feed.
Nie, Z G,Lim, K S,Jang, W Y,Lee, H Y,Lee, M K,Kabayashi, T Institute of Physics [etc.] 2010 Journal of physics. D, applied physics Vol.43 No.48
<P>We report on multilayer optical data storage using Sm(DBM)<SUB>3</SUB>Phen-doped poly(methyl methacrylate) and a tightly focused 800 nm, 1 kHz, 100 fs pulsed laser. After pulsed femtosecond laser irradiation, refractive-index change and a visible fluorescent bit were formed at the irradiated position inside the bulk sample. The photoluminescence should result from the ligands peeled from the central Sm<SUP>3+</SUP> ions via bond scission induced by laser irradiation. Multilayer patterns recorded by tightly focusing the pulsed laser beam were read out by a reflection-type fluorescence confocal microscope, which can detect the scattered signal and also the fluorescent signal of the stored bits. The dependence of fluorescence and scattering signals on recording pulse energy was examined. The signal-to-noise ratios via two retrieval modes were compared as a function of recording depth. The detection of the fluorescence signal enables retrieval of the stored bits with a higher S/N ratio.</P>
Scholarly Periodicals and World Literature Research and Exchange
( Nie Zhenzhao ) 한국영어영문학회 2013 영어 영문학 Vol.59 No.3
The early appearance of periodicals in China is largely under the influence of Western scholarship. The first Chinese language magazine Chinese Monthly Magazine (Cha Shi Su MeiYue TongJi Zhuan), for instance, was jointly issued by two Christian Protestant missionaries in 1865 in Malacca. The earliest literary periodicals appeared in the late Qing Dynasty, of which the four representative popular fiction magazines were New Fiction (Xin Xiaoshuo), Illustrated Fictions (Xiuxiang Xiaoshuo), The All-Story Monthly (Yue yue Xiao Shuo) and Forest of Fiction (Xiaoshuo Lin). As periodicals serve as the principal medium for publishing research, they have a great impact upon the process of scholarly dissemination and communication. Ever since the New Culture Movement, scholarly journals, through introducing foreign literature into China, have been playing a vital part in literary research on world literature. In order for Chinese scholarly journals to be recognized worldwide, it is of great necessity to promote academic quality and realize the professionalization and internationalization of journals.
Nie, Ziling,Ye, Weiwei,Zhu, Junjie,Xu, Jie The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2020 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.20 No.6
For the five-level active neutral point clamped (5L-ANPC) converter, the coupling problem between the DC-link capacitor voltages and flying-capacitor (FC) voltages will increase the capacitor voltage fluctuations. The capacitor voltage fluctuations and current harmonics of the space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) are less than those of the sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM), because the maximum linear modulation index of the SVPWM is higher than that of the SPWM. However, SVPWM has difficulty in realizing the decoupling control of the capacitor voltages, and the computation complexity of SVPWM is much higher than that of SPWM. This paper proposes a third harmonic injection modulation algorithm for the 5L-ANPC converter. The proposed algorithm injects the third harmonic into the modulation waves of SPWM, which makes the maximum linear modulation index of SPWM the same as that of SVPWM, to reduce the capacitor voltage fluctuations and current harmonics. The calculation of the third harmonic only requires a standard sorting algorithm and a simple linear operation; thus, it is easy to implement. Based on the third harmonic injection modulation algorithm, two variables are introduced to control the neutral point (NP) current and the FC current. And the two variables are used to feedforward compensate the modulation waves, realizing the decoupling control of the capacitor voltages. The proposed decoupling control method can further reduce the capacitor voltage fluctuations. Experimental results are presented to verify the validity of the proposed algorithm.
Fabrication of Porous Alumina Ceramics Using Hollow Microspheres as the Pore-forming Agent
Nie, Zhengwei,Lin, Yuyi The Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Eng 2015 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.24 No.4
Porous alumina ceramics with two different pore sizes were fabricated using hollow microspheres as the pore-forming agent. The relative density, total porosity, and microstructure of the obtained alumina ceramics were studied. It was found that the total porosity of sintered samples with different amounts of hollow microsphere content, from 2.0 to 4.0 wt%, was 69.3-75.6%. The interconnected and spherical cell morphology was obtained with 3.0 wt% hollow microsphere content. The resulting ceramics consist of a hierarchical structure with large-sized cells, and small-sized pores in the cell walls. Moreover, the compressive strength of the sintered samples varied from 8.3-11.5 MPa, corresponding to hollow microsphere contents of 2.0-4.0 wt%.