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Bureau of Epidemiology Services, New York City Department of Health an,Katherine Bartley,Denise Paone,Ellenie Tuazon 한국역학회 2019 Epidemiology and Health Vol.41 No.-
OBJECTIVES: Previous research has found that greater income inequality is related to problematic alcohol use across a variety of geographical areas in the USA and New York City (NYC). Those studies used self-reported data to assess alcohol use. This study examined the relationship between within-neighborhood income inequality and alcohol-related emergency department (ED) visits. METHODS: The study outcome was the alcohol-related ED visit rate per 10,000 persons between 2010 and 2014, using data obtained from the New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System. The main predictor of interest was income inequality, measured using the Gini coefficient from the American Community Survey (2010-2014) at the public use microdata area (PUMA) level (n=55) in NYC. Variables associated with alcohol-related ED visits in bivariate analyses were considered for inclusion in a multivariable model. RESULTS: There were 420,568 alcohol-related ED visits associated with a valid NYC address between 2010 and 2014. The overall annualized NYC alcohol-related ED visit rate was 100.7 visits per 10,000 persons. The median alcohol ED visit rate for NYC PUMAs was 88.0 visits per 10,000 persons (interquartile range [IQR], 64.5 to 133.5), and the median Gini coefficient was 0.48 (IQR, 0.45 to 0.51). In the multivariable model, a higher neighborhood Gini coefficient, a lower median age, and a lower percentage of male residents were independently associated with the alcohol-related ED visit rate. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that higher neighborhood income inequality was associated with higher neighborhood alcohol-related ED visit rates. The precise mechanism of this relationship is not understood, and further investigation is warranted to determine temporality and to assess whether the results are generalizable to other locales.
Fallen Leaves,New Roots 아시아음악학회 2019 Asian Musicology Vol.30 No.-
Since the nineteenth century, many Chinese have looked to Australia as a land of opportunity, enterprise and eventually settlement. Early sojourners spent decades in colonial Australia with the intention of returning home according to the classical idiom luoye guigen 落葉歸根 (“falling leaves returning to their roots”). Later arrivals from the 1970s and beyond often came with the intention of establishing a new life and home in Australia. This paper examines the music of three collectivities of individuals who over the course of history, have chosen to stay without much thought of returning to their respective homelands. Their unique music, developed “down under,” has for many years influenced my work as a composer, performer and researcher of Chinese descent in the sonic exploration of my own cultural roots. Even to the present day, I attempt to discern what it means to be “Chinese” in a retrospective homeward journey back to China, my “imagined homeland,” as coined by historian Benedict Anderson (1991). Through the examination of various case studies, I present an analysis of my compositional output in relation to its intrinsic connection with selected genres of music from China currently performed in Australia.
Newly recorded ferns from the flora of Myanmar in Natma Taung National Park
Thet Yu New,문명옥,이승훈,선병윤 한국식물분류학회 2019 식물 분류학회지 Vol.49 No.1
Although Myanmar is a biodiversity hotspot, little is known about its flora, particularly lycophytes and ferns, due to a lack of intensive inventories. In 2017, work on a total of 299 species of lycophytes and ferns found throughout the country, including 84 species from Natma Taung National Park in the Chin State, was pub- lished. However, a comparison of the flora of Myanmar with those of adjacent countries suggests that many more species are likely also to be distributed in this country. In the present study, two field surveys conducted in Natma Taung National Park during 2015 to make a checklist of lycophytes and ferns resulted in the discovery of three fern species not previously recorded in the flora of Myanmar. All occur in other countries in Southeast Asia as well as in other tropical areas. These species are Pteris bella (Pteridaceae), Dryopteris lepidopoda (Dryopteridaceae), and Loxogramme duclouxii (Polypodiaceae). The results will provide valuable information for the Myanmar fern checklist that is currently being prepared.
Total phenolics and antioxidant activity of radish: reference to breeding variety ‘Bordeux’
Han Yong Park,Kyung Hyun Seok,O New Lee,Awrarid D Assefa,Shivraj Nile,Eun Young Ko,Se Won Park 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07
Anthocyanins are very important constituent of human diet. In recent years, they have gained much attention due to their antioxidative properties. As the radish (Raphanus sativus L) has rich content of anthocyanins, the study is aimed to develop increased functional radish from selected radish varieties. ‘Bordeux’ is a hybrid variety of breeding between one accession derived from ‘Oharu’ as a maternal variety and ‘Chungpihongsim’ as a paternal variety. In this study, we investigated the new varieties of radish commonly consumed in Republic of Korea for their total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities using three (DDPH, FRAP and CUPRAC) different assays. The selected radish varieties like ‘Bordeux’, ‘Chungbok’, ‘3209’, ‘Chungwoon’, ‘Oharu’, and ‘Chungpihongsim’ were procured from the company Syngenta Korea. Among the selected radish varieties, ‘Bordeux’ (289 μg/g FW) and ‘Chungpihongsim’ (276 μg/g FW) revealed maximum amount of phenolics; whereas ‘3209’ (103 μg/g FW) and ‘Chungwoon’ (166 μg/g FW) showed the lower amount of phenolics content, respectively. Extracts from these studied radishes showed good to moderate antioxidant activities. The varieties ‘Chungpihongsim’ and ‘Bordeux’ revealed maximum antioxidant activity for all assays as demonstrated. However, some varieties like ‘3209’ and ‘Oharu’ exhibited the lowest antioxidant activity in all the tested assays, viz; DPH, FRAP and CUPRAC in μg TE/g FW, respectively. The antioxidant activities may be attributed to the higher phenolic acid contents as a linear relation was observed between the two components and the antioxidant parameters.