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Baek, Dong-won,Nam, Jae-sung,Koo, Yoon-Duck,Kim, Doh-Hoon,Lee, Ji-young,Jeong, Jae-Cheol,Kwak, Sang-Soo,Chung, Woo-Sik,Lim, Chae-Oh,Bahk, Jeong-Dong,Hong, Jong-Chan,Lee, Sang-Yeol,Maki Kawai-Yamada,Hi Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2004 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2004 No.-
An Arabidopsis protoplast system was developed for dissecting plant cell death in individual cells. Bax, a mammalian pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family, induces apoptotic-like cell death in Arabidopsis. Bax accumulation in Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts expressing murine Bax cDNA from a glucocorticoid-inducible promoter results in cytological characteristics of apoptosis, namely DNA fragmentation, increased vacuolation, and loss of plasma membrane integrity. In vivo targeting analysis monitored using jellyfish green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter indicated full-length Bax was localized to the mitochondria, as it does in animal cells. Deletion of the carboxyl-terminal transmembrane domain of Bax completely abolished targeting to mitochondria. Bax expression was followed by reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Treatment of protoplasts with the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) during induction of Bax expression strongly suppressed Bax-mediated ROS production and the cell death phenotype. However, some population of the ROS depleted cells still induced cell death, indicating that there is a process that Bax-mediated plant cell death is independent of ROS accumulation. Accordingly suppression of Bax-mediated plant cell death also takes place in two different processes. Over-expression of a key redox-regulator, Arabidopsis nucleoside diphosphate kinase 2 (AtNDPK2) down-regulated ROS accumulation and suppressed Bax-mediated cell death and transient expression of Arabidopsis Bax inhibitor-1 (AtBI-1) substantially suppressed Bax-induced cell death without altering cellular ROS level. Taken together. our results collectively suggest that the Bax-mediated cell death and its suppression in plants is mediated by ROS-dependent and -independent processes.
The Effect of Irrigating Solutions on the Corneal Endothelium
Baek, Nam Ho,Rhee, Sang Wook CATHOLIC MEDICAL CENTER 1983 Bulletin of the Clinical Research Institute Vol.11 No.1
The effect of two intraocular irrigating solutions on the cat corneal endothelial cell structure and function by measuring corneal thickness, endothelial cell density and ultrastructural changes utilizing scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Cornea perfused with BSS (Balanced salt solution) swelled 21 μm at one hour, 24 μm at two hours, and endothelial cell showed 12% of loss at three hours, 9% at four days, and edematous changes were not found at three hours, and no changes of internal structure of endothelial cell. Cornea perfused with Ringer plus solution (Ringer Solution+13.63 um of reduced glutathione) swelled 26 μm at one hour, 29 μm at two hours, and endothelial cell showed 18% of loss at three hours, 18% at four days, and edematous changes were found at three hours, and showed detachment of the marginal process of endothelial cells at border of junctional complexes at four days.
Evaluation of Usefulness according to Environmental Change of Auditory and Visual in Pediatric X-ray
Sung-Wook Baek(백성욱),Jong-Nam Song(송종남),Jeong Hun Kim(김정훈),Jae-Bok Han(한재복) 한국방사선학회 2017 한국방사선학회 논문지 Vol.11 No.7
성인과 달리 소아의 경우 인지능력과 의사전달이 정확하지 않아 X선 검사에 있어 심리적 불안감으로 인한 움직임은 재검사를 증가시키는 요인 중 하나이다. X선 검사라는 거부감을 최소화하고 의료 서비스의 만족도를 향상하기 위한 방법으로 검사실의 환경을 개선하여 심리적 안정에 도움을 주어 검사과정에서 발생하는 불필요한 재 검사를 비롯한 피폭선량 절감에 긍정적인 방안을 알아보고자 하였다. 실험대상으로는 2017년 5월부터 2017년 8월 까지 본원 일반촬영실에서 만 6개월 이상~만 36개월 미만의 총 186명의 소아를 대상으로 청각과 시각적 환경변화를 모두 적용시키지 않는 평소 검사실을 A 군, 시각적 환경변화는 제외시키고 청각적 환경변화만 적용한 검사실을 B 군, 청각적 환경변화는 제외시키고 시각적 환경변화만 적용한 검사실을 C 군, 청각과 시각적 환경변화를 모두 적용한 검사실을 D 군으로 설정하여 연구를 진행하였다. A 군에서는 재검사 건수가 10 건, B 군 7건, C 군 5건, D 군 2건의 결과를 도출할 수 있었다. 특히 A 군과 D 군에서 통계학적 유의수준 p<0.053으로 유의 하다는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 결론적으로 청각과 시각적 환경변화가 소아 심리적 안정에 많은 영향을 미쳤으며, 재검사 건수도 감소하여 의료서비스의 질적 향상 보였다. Unlike adults, cognitive ability and communication are not accurate in pediatric patients. Therefore movement due to psychological anxiety in X-ray photography is one of the factors that increase repeated irradiation. In order to minimize the rejection of X-ray and to improve the satisfaction of medical service, it is necessary to improve the environment of the radiological room to help psychological stability and to find a positive measure for reduction of radiation dose, including unnecessary. The subjects of this study were 186 pediatric patients from May to July, 2017, who were from 6 months to 36 months, The study group was set up a radiological room without auditory and visual environment changes is A group, except for changes in visual environment, the room where only auditory environmental changes were applied was group B, the auditory environment changes were excluded, and the room where only the visual environment change was applied was divided into group C, the auditory and visual environment changes were applied to the D. In group A, 10 retrospectives were obtained, 7 in group B, 5 in group C, and 2 in group D. Especially in group A and group D, statistically significant at p <0.053 In conclusion, hearing and visual environment changes affected the psychological stability of pediatric patient , and the repeated irradiation was reduced, thus improving the quality of medical services.
Baek, In-Jeoung,Jung, Ki Youn,Yon, Jung-Min,Lee, Se-Ra,Lee, Beom Jun,Yun, Young Won,Nam, Sang-Yoon Springer 2011 In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal Vol.47 No.8
<P>Although it has been suggested that the transcription of phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx), an essential antioxidant selenoenzyme, may be affected by the estrogen state in mammals, the direct mechanism underlying the regulation of the PHGPx gene by estrogens in mammalian tissues remains to be clearly elucidated. In this study, we evaluated the expression of the PHGPx mRNA in cultured mouse fetuses (embryonic days 8.5-10.5) exposed to 17관-estradiol (E(2); 0.1, 1, 10, 100, and 1,000 ng/ml); estrogen receptor (ER) agonists [propyl pyrazole triol (PPT, an ER관-selective ligand, 1 관l/ml) and diarylpropionitrile (DPN, an ER관-selective ligand, 1 관l/ml)]; and/or ER antagonist [ICI 182,780 (ICI, 1 관l/ml)] using a whole embryo culture system. E(2)-alone treatment significantly stimulated the expressions of both ER관 and ER관 mRNAs in all the cultured fetuses (p < 0.05), although the ER관 mRNA levels were higher than ER관 mRNA. PHGPx mRNA expression was significantly increased in all the fetuses treated with E(2) (1-1,000 ng/ml), PPT, and DPN (p < 0.05). Furthermore, pretreatment with ICI completely blocked the E(2)-induced PHGPx mRNA expression in the fetuses. In addition, the mRNA levels of cytosolic GPx, the other intracellular antioxidant selenoenzyme, did not differ significantly from the controls by an exposure to those agents. These results suggest that the PHGPx gene is regulated via an estrogen and ER signal pathway in the cultured mouse fetus.</P>