Electromagnetic coupling analysis between dipole antenna and transmission line using PEEC method

Oh, Jeongjoon Sungkyunkwan university 2018 국내석사

In recent years, mobile devices have become increasingly multi-functional and high performance, resulting in a dramatic increase in processing speed. On the other hand, the size of device is reduced; circuits inside the device are more easily exposed to electromagnetic interference radiated from antenna or adjacent circuits, degrading the system performance. To prevent this, it is necessary to design the device considering the electromagnetic characteristics with EM simulation at the design stage of product. However, the EM simulation takes a long analysis time and requires high-level system resources for fast analysis. In this thesis, an equivalent circuit modeling method for a round wire is proposed using a PEEC method and the electromagnetic coupling from a dipole antenna to a transmission line is analyzed in frequency domain and compared with the result of electromagnetic simulator. As a result, PEEC method shows good agreement with those of electromagnetic simulation, in a much shorter time.

(A) study on the revitalization strategy of traditional crafts : through various perspective of stakeholders

김제교 Hongik University 2018 국내석사

(A) study on design strategy analyzing through fintech business model : UX design point of view

최순용 Hongik University 2017 국내석사

(A) study on the utilization of digital brand platform : new platform service of Mercedes Benz

장하나 Hongik University 2013 국내석사

Multipose bag design with minimal resources

이준규 Hongik University 2017 국내석사

Immunity enhancement of power distribution network for integrated circuits by employing coplanar meander lines in package

Pu, Bo Sungkyunkwan University 2015 국내박사

This dissertation proposes a novel coplanar stop band filter in the package to enhance the immunity of the power distribution network (PDN) for the integrated circuits (ICs). The immunity is the crucial factor for the ICs, and it can indicate the tolerable level when the ICs suffer the interference, especially in the complex integration system where there are multi-module in the same package. Previous studies have described the method of improving the immunity of the ICs. However, most of them focused on the chip and board level, the solution in the package level is as yet undetermined. Compared to the limited and costly area in the core, the development on the package level can avoid the demerit in the cost and space. The solution on the package level is united with the ICs and does not required the extra area in board where on-board transmission lines might be coupled with our proposed filter nearby to generate side effects. In this dissertation, we aim at the development of the coplanar multi-band filter with appropriate stop bands to deteriorate the noise from the external board and the internal ICs, and thus to enhance the immunity of the designated ICs. The characterization of the immunity was described regularly in the IEC 62132 standard, and the test of the direct power injection (DPI) method is chosen by us for extracting the immunity of the ICs. A convenient method for predicting the immunity has been conducted by the author based on our proposed equivalent model. The detailed modeling of the setup in the test and the board, package and on-chip PDN were also acquired by means of the numerical analysis. The characteristics of the coplanar meander lines have been analyzed to discuss the parameter effects on the inductive and capacitive couplings as well as the corresponding filtering characteristics. Several coplanar stop-band filters have been designed and two of them with higher performance were fabricated to validate the possibility of the method for enhancing the immunity of the ICs. The stop-bands of our designed filters to deteriorate the interferences are 500 MHz for the land mobile, 1570 MHz for the global positioning system (GPS), 1800 MHz for the long-term evolution (LTE) and 2400 MHz for the wireless local area network (WLAN) communication. The filters are embedded into the package, and performed by DPI standard measurement to verify the ability of immunity enhancement for the proposed filter. The results of the experiment indicate that the immunity of the PDN for the ICs is able to be enhanced significantly by employing the designed coplanar filters in the package, and it also can be a useful solution for the design of the robust ICs with high capability to suffer the disturbances. 본 논문은 집적회로의 전원 분배망 내성을 증가시키기 위하여 패키지 내부의 동일 평면 라인을 이용한 차단 대역 필터 설계 방식을 제안한다. 내성은 집적회로에 중요한 역할을 하는 평가 요소이며, 이는 장해 요소에 의해 집적 회로가 노출되어 있을 때 오작동 없이 정상작동 할 수 있는 평가 척도로 사용 될 수 있으며, 다층구조의 패키지와 같은 복잡한 고집적 시스템에 보다 유용하다. 이전 연구들은 대부분 집적회로의 내성을 증가시키는 방법에 관한 것이 었으며 칩 자체와 보드 레벨에 초점이 맞추어져 있었으므로, 패키지 레벨의 내성 해결방법은 잘 알려져 있지 않았다. 코어 내부의 제한된 면적, 그리고 비용과 비교하여 패키지 레벨에서의 솔루션 개발은 이러한 단점을 극복할 수 있다. 이와 같은 패키지 레벨의 솔루션은 집적회로와 패키지 내에서 결합되어 있으며, 보드 상에 부가적인 면적을 필요로 하지 않아 커플링에 의한 부작용도 줄일 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 보드 외부와 집적회로 내부로부터 생성되는 노이즈를 줄일 수 있는 다중 밴드필터 설계 에 초점을 맞추고 있으며, 이로 인해 특정 집적회로의 내성을 향상시켰다. 내성의 정의는 IEC 62132에 수록되어 있으며, 내성에 대한 평가는 직접적 파워인가(DPI) 방법으로 진행하였으며 내성예측 방법이 제안된 등가모델을 기반으로 하였다. 이러한 등가 회로 모델의 해석은 수치 해석적 방법에 의해 구성된 보드, 패키지와 칩으로 구현된 전력 분배망(PDN) 모델상에서 이루어졌다. 동일 평면상의 미엔더 구조의 특성은 필터링 특성에 해당하는 유도성, 용량성 커플링의 매개변수 영향 으로 분석될 수 있다. 몇가지 차단 대역 필터 설계 후 좋은 성능을 가지는 두 가지 종류의 필터가 집적회로의 내성을 높이는 데 사용됨을 입증하기 위하여 제작되었다. 간섭을 저하시키도록 디자인 된 필터의 차단 대역은 land mobile에 해당하는 500MHz, GPS에 해당하는 1,570MHz, LTE에 해당하는 1,800MHz, 그리고 WLAN에 해당하는 2,400MHz이다. 제안된 필더는 패키지 내부에 내장되었으며, 표준 DPI 측정 방법을 활용하여 제안한 필터에 의한 내성 증가를 검증하였다. 실험 결과로부터 집적회로를 위한 전력 분배망(PDN)의 내성향상은 패키지 내에 제작된 동일 평면상의 필터를 이용하여 상당히 증가될 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었으며, 이는 외부 장해로부터 높은 내성을 가지는 견고한 집적회로의 설계에 유용한 솔루션이 될 수 있음을 시사한다.

Development of efficient strategy for system level ESD analysis and fast reverberation chamber calibration by introducing coupling transfer function concept

Yousaf, Jawad Sungkyunkwan University 2019 국내석사

This study is about the development of new efficient strategy for the system level electrostatic discharge (ESD) analysis and rapid assessment of the well stirred condition of the reverber-ation chamber (RC) by introducing the concept of coupling transfer function. A coupling transfer function is derived based on the measured S-parameters which represents the trans-fer coupling characteristics from the aggressor point to the victim location on equipment under test (EUT) for ESD. For RC, the developed transfer function depicts the internal RC environment characteristics. The knowledge of the ESD source along with coupling transfer function can be used for the fast calculation of the induced voltages at the EUT for the ESD susceptibility analysis. For the system level ESD analysis, firstly, an efficient, simple and fast equivalent circuit and full wave numerical model of the ESD generator is presented. After that, this study proposes a novel way for the estimation of the system level ESD coupling using the frequency domain measurements. ABCD parameters are calculated from the measured S-parameters of the EUT. The transfer function of the system level ESD coupling is derived from the ABCD-parameters. The derived transfer function estimates the induced coupling to the EUT quite well for the input ESD stressing. The validation of the proposed technique is done through the fast and efficient characterization of the system level ESD noise coupling to prototype simple microstrip line PCBs, real mobile device memory modules and motherboard. A good degree of accuracy is observed between the time domain measured and simulated results using proposed method. The study also outlines new technique for the designing of the ESD protection strategies using coupling transfer function concept and identification of the sensitive nets on memory modules through the full wave modeling of the DRAM modules. The second part of the study presents a novel alternative method for the rapid validation or assessment of the well-stirred condition of the mode stirred reverberation chamber (RC) using newly developed coupling transfer gain functions. Coupling transfer voltage and current gain functions of RC environment are developed from the ABCD parameters of the measured two-port S parameters in RC. The proposed procedure involves the determination of the lowest usable frequency (LUF) for well-stirred (ws) operation (fwsLUF ) of RC by checking the fitting of the distribution of the developed coupling transfer gain functions with Rayleigh distribution (assessment of EM-field distribution) using high order goodness of fit Anderson-Darling test statistics and frequency stirred rejection ratio, and checking of the independent samples requirements using samples first order auto correlation. The estimated fwsLUF of the RC using proposed method is in close agreement with determined LUF using conventional field uniformity measurements with the condition of well-stirred operation of RC, but requires just a portion of measurement time compared to standard field uniformity calibration measurements with around 4% and 1% uncertainty of post-data processing with coupling transfer current and voltage gain functions respectively.

Novel calibration, measurement and diagnosis methods for high parallelism probe card

Kim, Gyuyeol Sungkyunkwan university 2017 국내박사

Extended mixed-mode S-parameters and its application to the analysis of three/four-conductor systems

Zhang, Nan Sungkyunkwan university 2016 국내박사

The currents on the general electric circuit could be decomposed into: differential-mode current and common-mode current. The amount of common-mode current is much smaller than the differential-mode current. The radiated and conducted emissions induced by common-mode current, however, are the dominant sources to the electromagnetic interference. Therefore, it is very necessary to give a clear deep analysis to the generation of common-mode current in the electronic circuits. In this thesis, the generation mechanisms of common-mode current in the three-conductor system is firstly analyzed. The differential-mode and common-mode analysis of three-conductor system is divided into three parts: source terminal, conductors and load terminal. Based on the mode analysis, each part has its own independent differential-mode and common-mode components and the corresponding current division factor. For the general three-conductor system, Because of mismatched the current division factors of source terminal, conductors and load terminal, the mode conversions occurred at the junction of source-conductor and conductor-load of the equivalent differential-mode and common-mode circuits. A novel extended mixed-mode S-parameters of three-conductor lines is proposed based on the independent differential-mode and common-mode equivalent two-conductor lines. There is no cross-mode S-parameters contained in the extended mixed-mode S-parameters, which is distinguish with the conventional mixed-mode S-parameters. The proposal of extended mixed-mode S-parameters completely separate the differential-mode and common-mode for the asymmetrical three-conductor lines, which will be very useful to the attenuation of common-mode currents and voltages. Moreover, two new mode conversion matrices, which contain the conductor current division factor, are also proposed to convert the extended mixed-mode S-parameters to standard S-parameters of three-conductor lines. Furthermore, the extended mixed-mode S-parameters of cascaded three-conductor lines are also developed, in which the cross-mode S-parameters are induced by the imbalanced current division factors of the cascaded two parts. The extended mixed-mode S-parameters to cascaded three-conductor lines could give a guideline to the design of the PCB connections to avoid the cross-mode transformation between the connections. The validity of extended mixed-mode S-parameters was confirmed by the comparison results of uniform three-conductor lines and cascaded three-conductor lines. A new EMI filter design method to the three-conductor systems is one of the application of the extended mixed-mode S-parameters. Firstly, the current division factors of three-conductor system are matched by adding additional resistances to the source and load terminals. Thus, the isolated equivalent differential-mode and common-mode circuits could be obtained. Then, an EMI filter of three-conductor system could be reconstructed from the differential-mode and common-mode sub-filters designed in the isolated mode circuits. Three principles are developed to the reconstruction of the EMI filter in this thesis. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed EMI filter designed method was also verified. Furthermore, the mode analysis of four-conductor systems is also developed in this thesis. There are three modes existing on the four-conductor system, which are defined as: first differential-mode (DM1), second differential mode (DM2), and common-mode (CM). The equivalent mode circuits of four-conductor system are obtained through the mode analysis. And, the extended mixed-mode S-parameters, which are for the uniform four-conductor lines and cascaded four-conductor lines, are also developed and verified. The verified effectiveness of extended mixed-mode S-parameters demonstrate the validity of mode analysis of four-conductor lines. And, the application of EMI filter design to the three-conductor systems will be study in the future.

Design, analysis and equivalent circuit modeling of dual band PIFA using stub for its performance enhancement

Yousaf, Jawad Sungkyunkwan university 2016 국내석사