간호대학생의 정신간호학 실습이 요중 Na^(+), Cl^(-), K^(+), Ca^(++)에 미치는 영향

나현주,한유정 대한기초간호자연과학회 2001 Journal of korean biological nursing science Vol.3 No.2

This study was done to investigate the effect of the first experience of the clinical experience for psychiatric nursing on urinary Na^(+), Cl^(-), K^(+), Ca^(++) of the nursing students. We analyzed the urine of 36 students on curriculum who were students of D college in K city. The data were analyzed with SAS Statistical analysis was performed by using paired t-test, GLM. The second day group increased 18.56 at 8AM, 31.90 at 4PM in a case of Na^(+)(p=0.004). The second day group increased 27.61 at 8AM, 43.53 at 4PM in a case of Cl^(-)(p=0.009). The first day group increased 2.62 at 8AM, 7.09 at 4PM in a case of K^(+)(p=0.018). The second day group increased 3.69 at 8AM, 5.19 at 4PM in a case of K+(p=0.013). The second day group increased 20.65 at 8AM, 14.07 at 4PM in a case of Ca^(++)(p=0.033). There was a significant difference in Na^(+) according to group at 8AM(F=4.17, p=0.024) and 4PM(F=3.58, p=0.040). There was a significant difference in Cl^(-) according to group at 8AM(F=4.38, p=0.020) and 4PM(F=6.29, p=0.003). There was a significant difference in K^(+) according to group at 8AM(F=5.03, p=0.012). In conclusion, Na^(+), Cl^(-), K^(+), Ca^(++) may be used as a indicator of the amount of stress to improve the educational environment for the students.

Glyoxal-induced exacerbation of pruritus and dermatitis is associated with <i>staphylococcus aureus</i> colonization in the skin of a rat model of atopic dermatitis

Han, Rafael Taeho,Kim, Hye Young,Ryu, Hyun,Jang, Wooyoung,Cha, Seung Ha,Kim, Hyo Young,Lee, JaeHee,Back, Seung Keun,Kim, Hee Jin,Na, Heung Sik Elsevier 2018 Journal of dermatological science Vol.90 No.3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a highly pruritic, chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with hyperreactivity to environmental triggers. Among those, outdoor air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM) have been reported to aggravate pre-existing AD. However, underlying mechanisms of air pollution-induced aggravation of AD have hardly been studied.</P> <P><B>Objective</B></P> <P>To investigate the molecular mechanisms by which glyoxal, a PM-forming organic compound, exacerbates the symptoms of AD induced by neonatal capsaicin treatment.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>Naïve and AD rats had been exposed to either fresh air or vaporized glyoxal for 5 weeks (2 h/day and 5 days/week) since one week of age. Pruritus and dermatitis were measured every week. The skin and blood were collected and immunological traits such as Staphylococcus aureus skin colonization, production of antimicrobial peptides and immunoglobulin, and mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines were analyzed.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Exposure to glyoxal aggravated pruritus and dermatitis in AD rats, but did not induce any symptoms in naïve rats. Staphylococcus aureus skin colonization was increased in the skin of both naïve and AD rats. Expression of antimicrobial peptides such as LL-37 and β-defensin-2 was also increased by exposure to glyoxal in the skin of both naïve and AD rats. The mRNA expression of Th1-related cytokines was elevated on exposure to glyoxal. However, serum immunoglobulin production was not significantly changed by exposure to glyoxal.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>In AD rats, exposure to glyoxal exacerbated pruritus and cutaneous inflammation, which was associated with increased colonization of <I>S. aureus</I> and subsequent immunological alterations in the skin.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Exposure to glyoxal aggravated the symptoms in AD rats, but did not induce AD in naïve rats. </LI> <LI> <I>S. aureus</I> skin colonization and subsequent expression of antimicrobial peptides were increased after exposure to glyoxal. </LI> <LI> Exposure to glyoxal elevated the production of Th1-related cytokines such as TNF-α and IFN-γ in the AD lesional skin. </LI> </UL> </P>

α2- 아드레날린 효능제인 UK 14,304 의 이뇨작용에 대한 신장신경 제거의 영향

고석태(Suk Tai Ko),나한광(Han Kwang Na) 한국응용약물학회 1997 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.5 No.4

This study was performed in order to investigate the effect of renal denervation on diuretic action of UK 14,304, α₂-Adrenergic Agonist, administered into the vein and the carotid artery in dog. The diuretic action of UK 14,304 administered into the vein or the carotid artery was reversed to the antidiuretic action by renal denervation, this time, the decrease of Na^+ excretion amounts in urine (E_(Na)) and the increase of Na^+ reabsorption rates in renal tubule (R_(Na)) were exhibited. This results suggest that central diuretic action of UK 14,304 is mediated by renal nerves and the antidiuretic action of UK 14,304 in denervation kidney is caused by the increase of Na^+ reabsorption rates (R_(Na)) in renal tubules in dog.

이뇨제의 저항성과 내성 기전

오윤규,나기영,김근호,김소영,한진석 대한신장학회 2001 대한신장학회잡지 Vol.20 No.5

Tb3+ and Ce^(3+) Intercalated Laponite Powder: The Influence of Ce^(3+) Ions on Thermal Stability and Optical Properties of Tb^(3+) Intercalated Laponite

Han-Na Lee,Youhyuk Kim 대한화학회 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.4

Laponite samples intercalated with Tb^(3+) or Tb^(3+),Ce^(3+) ions were prepared by exchange of Na^+ ions in interlayers with Tb^(3+) or Tb^(3+),Ce^(3+) ions. Strong green and weak blue emissions under vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) excitation (λ =158 nm) were observed due to the ^5D_4→^7F_J and ^5D_3→^7F_J emission lines, respectively. Tb^(3+) ions in an interlayer of laponite mainly existed in ion pairs or clusters, as evidenced by the concentration-dependent luminescence of the Tb^(3+) ions on the relative intensities of the ^5D_3→^7F_J and the ^5D_4→^7FJ emission lines, due to the action of a cross-relaxation process. The addition of Ce^(3+) ions increased the thermal stability of Tb^(3+)intercalated laponite up to 650 ^oC and quenched the ^5D_3→^7F_J emission lines, probably by promoting the formation of Tb^(3+) ion pairs at relatively low Tb^(3+) concentrations.

Controlled synthesis and luminescence properties of doped NaLa(WO4)2 microstructures

Yunhua Han,Yan Wang,Shaohua Huang,Fan-Long Jin,Shili Gai,Na Niu,Liuzhen Wang,Piaoping Yang 한국공업화학회 2016 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.34 No.-

In this work, well-defined NaLa(WO4)2microstructures were prepared by a facile hydrothermal processin the presence of oleylamine and oleic acid as a mixed surfactant. The phase, morphology, size andluminescence properties were well characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photoluminescence (PL) spectra, and decaytime, respectively. The results reveal that the morphology and size of the as-synthesized samples can betuned by altering the reaction time and the amounts of oleic acid. A possible formation mechanism oftetragonal NaLa(WO4)2 is proposed on the basis of oleic acid amount-dependent experiments. Uponultraviolet (UV) excitation, NaLa(WO4)2:Eu3+ and NaLa(WO4)2:Tb3+ exhibit the characteristic downconversionemissions of Eu3+ and Tb3+. Yb3+/Er3+ and Yb3+/Tm3+ co-doped NaLa(WO4)2 samples showstrong green (Er3+, 4S3/2, 2H11/2!4I15/2) and blue (Tm3+, 1G4!3H6) up-conversion emission under980 nm laser diode excitation. Upconversion emission mechanisms of NaLa(WO4)2:Ln (Ln = Yb/Er, Yb/Tm) are also presented based on the emission spectra and the plot of luminescence intensity to pumppower. It should be noted that the intensity of the upconversion emissions can be dramatically enhancedcompared with sodium free tungstates, which can be attributed to the charge compensation and meansthe introduction of Na+ ions in WO42 causes less distortion in the crystal structure.

Tb³⁺ and Ce³⁺ Intercalated Laponite Powder: The Influence of Ce³⁺ Ions on Thermal Stability and Optical Properties of Tb³⁺ Intercalated Laponite

Lee, Han-Na,Kim, You-Hyuk Korean Chemical Society 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.4

Laponite samples intercalated with $Tb^{3+}$ or $Tb^{3+},Ce^{3+}$ ions were prepared by exchange of Na+ ions in interlayers with $Tb^{3+}$ or $Ce^{3+}$ ions. Strong green and weak blue emissions under vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) excitation (${\lambda}$ = 158 nm) were observed due to the $^5D_4{\rightarrow}^7F_J$ and $^5D_3{\rightarrow}^7F_J$ emission lines, respectively. $Tb^{3+}$ ions in an interlayer of laponite mainly existed in ion pairs or clusters, as evidenced by the concentration-dependent luminescence of the $Tb^{3+}$ ions on the relative intensities of the $^5D_3{\rightarrow}^7F_J$ and the $^5D_4{\rightarrow}^7F_J$ emission lines, due to the action of a cross-relaxation process. The addition of $Ce^{3+}$ ions increased the thermal stability of $Tb^{3+}$ intercalated laponite up to $650^{\circ}C$ and quenched the $^5D_3{\rightarrow}^7F_J$ emission lines, probably by promoting the formation of $Tb^{3+}$ ion pairs at relatively low $Tb^{3+}$ concentrations.

지하수-습지-지표수 상호작용에 따른 수화학적 특성 연구

유한선(Han-Sun Ryu),김희정(Heejung Kim),문진아(Jinah Moon),Naing Aung Khant 대한지질학회 2021 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

본 연구에서는 전 세계 하나의 종만 존재하는 희귀종 물거미가 서식하고 있는 은대리 물거미서식지 일대에서 지하수-습지-지표수 상호작용에 따른 수화학적(양이온, 음이온, 알칼리도, 산소-수소 동위원소, 라돈) 특성을 분석하였다. 현장조사 지점은 은대리 물거미서식지(습지)를 중심으로 500 m 내외에 위치하고 있는 지하수 4지점, 습지 3지점, 지표수 3지점을 선정하였다. 2021년 5월부터 8월까지 총 4회 현장조사 및 시료채취를 수행하였다. 연구지역의 지하수, 습지 그리고 지표수의 수리화학특성 분석 결과 습지와 가장 근접해 있는 심부 지하수(EDG4)를 제외한 모든 지점이 Ca-HCO₃ 유형에 도시되었으며, EDG4에 경우 Na-HCO₃ 유형에 도시되어 다른 지점과 구분되었다. 산소-수소 동위원소 분석자료는 지하수, 습지 및 지표수의 물 모두 같은 기원인 것으로 보인다. 하지만 지하수와 지표수는 비슷한 동위원소 함량(δ<SUP>18</SUP>O: -8.51~–7.11‰, δD: -57.13~-49.78‰)을 가지고 있어 함께 도시되는 것을 볼 수 있었으나, 습지의 경우 지하수와 지표수에 비해 비교적 무거운 동위원소 함량(δ<SUP>18</SUP>O: -5.88~–2.13‰, δD: -41.76~-27.13‰)을 보이며 확연히 구분된 위치에 도시 되었다. 라돈의 경우 지하수, 습지 및 지표수 모두 조사를 시작한 5월에서부터 6월, 7월 점차적으로 농도가 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 지하수에서 가장 높은 라돈 농도를 보이며, 지표수의 농도가 가장 낮게 측정 되었다. 습지는 지하수와 하천수 사이의 농도 값을 보여 습지가 지하수와 지표수 모두의 영향을 받고 있을 가능성 또한 보여준다. 은대리 물거미서식지는 우리나라 유일하게 멸종위기 물거미가 서식하고 있는 의미있는 지역으로 이 일대 지하수, 습지 그리고 지표수의 수화학적 특성 연구를 통해 물거미 서식 환경에 대한 기초적인 수리생태학적 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

웹 기반 학습에서 전자 텍스트 설계를 위한 시각적 조직자의 사용 편의성 효과

한안나(Han Ahn-na) 한국열린교육학회 2006 열린교육연구 Vol.14 No.1

  본 연구는 웹 기반 학습 환경에서 전자 텍스트 문서 공간의 이해를 도와줄 수 있는 인지적인 도구인 시각적 조직자(visual organizer)의 사용 편의성(usability) 효과를 알아보는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 전자 텍스트 문서 공간을 시각화한 5가지 유형의 시각적 조직자를 개발하고, 대학생 123명을 대상으로 통제집단을 포함한 총 여섯 개의 집단에 대해 시각적 조직자의 유형별로 만족도 및 시각적 조직자 활용에 대한 인식을 측정하였다. 검사 결과, 전반적인 활용의 용이성과 만족도(F=4.19, p=.00), 주제별 텍스트 분량 및 분포 파악(F=4.16, p=.00), 전체 구조 및 흐름 파악(F=4.07, p=.00), 내용 이해의 용이성(F=5.42, p=.00), 기억의 용이성(F=2.42, p=.04) 측면에서는 모두 전자 텍스트문서의 이미지를 상징적 추상화 형태로 제공하면서 언어적인 개요 및 구조적 단서를 제공한 시각적 조직자 유형이, 텍스트의 분량 및 분포 파악에는 전자 텍스트 문서 이미지의 단순 축소 형태를 제시하는 시각적 조직자 유형이(F=11.20, p=.00), 네비게이션의 용이성은 단순 축소 이미지 제공과 함께 언어적인 개요를 보여주는 시각적 조직자 유형이(F=2.77, p=.02) 가장 높은 평균값을 나타내었다. 연구결과를 토대로 전자 텍스트 설계를 위한 전략이 제언되었다.   The purpose of this study is to prepare design principles and utilization strategies of the visual organizers, which enables learners to comprehend the text and to understand text structure better in the electronic document space. In order to verify quantitatively the usability of newly developed principles and strategies of the visual organizers, an experimental study was performed. In the experimental study, 123 undergraduate students were divided into 5 groups in order to verify the usability of the developed visual organizers.<BR>  Findings were as follows; In the usability test, the presentation of Type 5 organizer (abstraction+overview+structure) was most efficient in ease of utility and satisfaction (F=4.19, p=.00), quantity and distribution of texts per topics(F=4.16, p=.00), comprehension of structure and overview(F=4.07, p=.00), ease of content understanding(F=5.42, p=.00), ease of remember(F=2.42, p=.04). And the presentation of Type 1 organizer (reduction) was most efficient in recognizing quantity and distribution of texts in advance(F=11.20, p=.00). And the presentation of Type 2 organizer (reduction+overview) was most efficient in ease of navigation (F=2.77, p=.02).<BR>  The results of this study seemed to demonstrate the positive potential of visual organizers in designing electronic text. By reflecting structural attributes, by arranging text structures, and by providing the information of location, form and length the visual organizers seemed to provide vital information to the learners in e-learning situation.

청각장애학교 농학생의 한국어능력시험(TOPIK) 어휘ㆍ문법 결과 분석

이한나ㆍ최상배(Lee Han naㆍChoi Sang bae) 한국특수교육학회 2016 특수교육학연구 Vol.50 No.4