정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

한강 하류의 남조류 및 환경요인의 연간 (2000 ${\sim}$ 2003) 변화에 대하여

서미연,김백호,배경석,한명수,Suh, Mi-Yeon,Kim, Baik-Ho,Bae, Kyung-Seok,Han, Myung-Soo 한국하천호수학회 2005 생태와 환경 Vol.38 No.2

한강 중하류의 남조류 및 환경요인의 연간변화 (2000 ${\sim}$ 2003)를 파악하기 위하여, 2000년 4월부터 2003년 10월까지 4년간 성수대교에서 성산대교까지 총 5개 지점을 선정하여, 수계의 기초환경요인 및 식물플랑크톤 현존량 변화를 조사하였다. 조사기간 동안, 남조류의 현존량은 점차적으로 감소하여 장기간 강우가 가장 많았던 2003년에는 거의 관찰되지 않았으며, 총 식물플랑크톤 현존량에 대한 남조류의 기여도는 약 10%범위내였다. 이러한 현상은 매년 강우집중기 동안 팔당댐으로부터 많은 방류수가 유입됨으로서 수온감소는 물론 광량감소, 영양염류 희석 등에 의한 남조류의 성장이 제한된 것으로판단되며, 동일시기에 다른 조류 (녹조, 규조 등)의 높은 성장으로 엽록소 a와 식물플랑크톤 현존량이 뚜렷하게 증가하였다. 따라서 한강 하류의 고온기 동안 남조류 성장은 잦은 강우와 방류에 의해 제한을 받지만 규조나 녹조와 같은 다른 조류들의 높은 성장으로 대치되는 천이현상을 보였으며, 기후영향을 크게 받는 전형적인 하천생태계의 특성을 나타냈다. For 4 years (2000 ${\sim}$ 2003), annual fluctuations of standing crops of cyanobacteria and physicochemical factors were examined at five sites from Bridge of Seungsoo to Bridge of Seungsan in the lower part of Han River. The cyanobacterial abundance (ND to 4,167 cells $mL^{-1}$) was strongly decreased during the heavy rains in every year. During the similar periods in 2003, cyanobacteria hardly observed, and comprised below of 10 percentage of total phytoplankton. In the period of little cyanobacteria, some green algae and diatom dominated the phytoplankton community, while the concentration of chlorophyll a has not largely change. These results indicate that heavy frequent precipitation strongly limited the growth of cyanobacteria, and lead an algal succession by the appearance of new algal groups.

보건간호사들의 임파워먼트 및 자기 효능감에 관한 연구

한명수 서강정보대학 2001 論文集 Vol.20 No.-

The purpose of this study was to find out the level of empowerment and self-efficacy of public health nurses. The subjects were 67 nurses at 5 public health centers in G city. Data were collected with questionnaire from July 30 to Aug. 22, and analyzed by SAS program. The results were as follows; 1. The mean score of empowerment of subjects was 4.527 and each mean of 4 sub concepts were as follows: perceived personal ability of decision making was 4.436, perceived personal ability to goal achievement was 4.691, personal enthusiasm of his or her job was 4.794, and perceived support of organization was 4.104. The mean score of self-efficacy was 4.582. 2. Empowerment related to self-efficacy(r=.717, p=.0001). It means that self-efficacy is a key concept of empowerment. 3. According to characteristics of subjects, only term of service showed significant difference(F=2.82, p<.05). Also among the 4 sub concepts, only perceived personal ability of decision making brought out difference significantly(F= 3.82, p=.041) This is a primary study of empowerment and self-efficacy of public health nurses. Therefore, in order to enhance their capabilities, other studies such as focusing on the affecting factors must be continued

2001 세계 쥬니어 레슬링 선수권 대회 그레코로만형 경기 선발전 기술분석

한명우,전흥수 창원대학교 체육과학연구소 2002 경남 체육연구 Vol.7 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 2001년 세계 쥬니어 레슬링 선수권 대회 그레코로만형 경기 선발전 각 체급별 경기에서 사용되었던 기술 내용과 득점 빈도를 분석하는 것으로써, 스탠드와 그라운드의 두가지 기술 유형간에 있어 보다 높은 득점률을 나타내는 것은 어떤 것인지, 또 체급별로는 어떤 유형의 기술 구사가 많은지를 규명하는 데 구체적인 그 목적이 있다. 이러한 연구 목적을 달성하기 위하여 이 대회에 출전한 선수들의 각 체급별 결승 및 준결승 경기 내용 중 스탠드 기술, 그라운드 기술, 옆굴리기 성공 후 기술 시도시의 성공·실패율(그라운드시)을 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 스탠드 기술(팔끌기, 허리태클, 엉치걸어넘기기, 돌아빠지기, 앞목잡아돌리기, 중심무너뜨리기, 안아넘기기, 업어넘기기) 가장 많이 시도된 기술은 팔끌기(69회)기술이었고, 가장 적게 시도된 기술은 안아넘기기(21회)기술이었다. 가장 높은 성공률을 보인 기술은 팔끌기(24.6%)이었고, 가장 낮은 성공률을 보인 기술은 앞목잡아돌리기와 안아넘기기(4.0%)로 나타났다. 팔끌기 기술이 그레코로만형 경기 스탠드기술에서 가장 영향을 많이 주는 기술로 나타났다. 둘째, 그라운드 기술 (옆굴리기, 측면들기, 가로들기, 넬슨, 앞목잡아돌리기)중 가장 많이 시도된 기술은 옆굴리기(65회)이었고, 가장 적게 시도된 기술은 넬슨(15회)이었다. 가장 높은 성공률을 보인 기술은 앞목잡아돌리기(33.3%)이었고, 가장 낮은 성공률을 보인 기술은 측면들기(9.0%)로 나타났다. 그라운드기술에서는 옆굴리기 기술이 경기에 가장 큰 영향을 준 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 그라운드에서 옆굴리기 기술 성공 후 연결 기술 시도 및 성공률 옆굴리기 기술 성공후 가장 많이 시도한 기술은 측면들기(9회)기술이었고 가장 높은 성공률을 보인 기술은 카운터로 연결되는 기술과 넬슨(50.0%)으로 나타났다.

일 전문대학생들의 일반약품 소비에 대한 조사 : 대중광고와 관련하여 in relation to public advertisement

한명수 서강정보대학 1992 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

In order to investigate drug consumption of the consumers, this study was conducted from June 8. to june 13. The subjects were 118 junior college students, and the questionnaire were used to get hold of family taking drugs presently, the drugs purchasing methods, the information sources about the drugs, the remaning drug advertisements and read or not drug discriptions. In addition to grip the advertisements through mass media, observed a T.V channel for same period and to analize drug discriptions, used 125 drug discriptions in N. hospital. The results in this study were summarized as follows: 1. The family taking drug were 48 kinds presently. Most of them were vitamin compounds and blood tonics (N=72), analgesics (N=29) and several ointement (N=30). 2. When the subjects purchase medicine, they depended on the phamacist (N=60) and self-choice(N=60) mostly. Especially vitamin compounds and analgesics were purchased by own decision. 3. Subjects got the information about drugs from various advertisements (N=35), advertisements & other's advice (N=31), advertisements & pharmacist advice (N=14). This results showed advertisement affected the consumer's judgement. 4. Subjects remembered 82 kinds of drug advertisemts and above half of them (N=70) remained 5-12 kinds. Among those drugs, analgegics were most remained. 5. In a T.V channel, 48 kinds of drug advertisements were observed and analgesic classes were often televised relatively (3 times/week) 6. Most of subjects read drug discriptions when they take drugs. In 125 drug descriptions analysis, drug actions and characteristics (N=102) and cautions (N= 124) were suggested well but dossage (N=89) not sufficient. From the above results, drug advertisements influence on the consumers, so to improve the pubic level, it will be emphasized that adequate control of drug advertisements and continuous publicity about right medication habits to consumers.

섬유상 활성탄을 이용한 수용액 중의 반응성 염료의 흡착 및 THM 생성능의 변화

한명호,김범수,반명호 대한상하수도학회 2003 상하수도학회지 Vol.17 No.1

This study was carried out to treat the aqueous solutions containing reactive dyes(RB19, RR120 and RY179) by adsorption process using activated carbon fiber(ACF). And the changes of Trihalomethane Formation Potential(THMFP) in the model experimental system was investigated. ACF(A-15) has much larger specific surface area(1,584㎡/g-ACF) in comparison with granular activated carbon adsorbent(F400, 1,125㎡/g-GAC), which is commonly used, and most of pores were found to be micropores with pore radius of 2㎚ and below. It was found that RY179 has highest THMFP, and RB19 was most easily adsorbed among the dyes in this study. Increase and decrease of THMFP concentrations were observed before and after adsorption of reactive dyes on ACF(A-15). THMFPs per unit TOC were significantly decreased after adsorption of reactive dyes. And 70% of THMFP was decreased in adsorbed dye(RY179) solution. In the case of PCP(p-chlorophenol) and sucrose, which are single component adsorbate, adsorption capacities of ACF(A-15) were in good agreement with the batch adsorption measurement, and saturation time predicted of ACF columns for these components was also well agreed with practically measured time. But in the case of reactive dyes, which have relatively high molecular weight and aggregated with multi-components, adsorption capacities and saturation time predicted were not agreed with practically measured values.

의류 광고에 나타난 상표 이미지의 코드 분석

韓明淑,羅秀任 복식문화학회 1997 服飾文化硏究 Vol.5 No.4

In this thesis which takes fashion advertising that functions a marketing communication as an objective, I try to bear witness to the signifying system of garments though analyzing with semiotic methodology the signifying procedure on the base of the structural concept of Ferdinand de Saussure and the advertisement semiotic theory of Roland Barthes, to make clear their signifying structure and it meaning by understanding the characteristlcs of contemporary society and its cognitive system. Each sign of fashion advertising transfers the brand image through syntagmatic signification which contains the mythology of goods. Mannish style is encoded as tailored jacket, white shirt, H-silhouette and pants,. non-color or being color, and it is presented as a clothing sign of casual wear for career women. Feminine style is encoded as X-silhouette, soutien collar suit style, various colors. and other details with womanly image, and it is presented as a clothing sign for maid or young wife 20's or 30's. Formal style is encoded as jacket, vest, idler wear(blouse) , two and three piece dress by pants or skirt and one-piece dress, and it is used in every age and class. Casual style is similar to formal style, but differs only in textile code. Clothing sign for housewives in middle age is encoded as H-sil-houette of formal style, long jacket and pants and brown, being and grey colors. Contemporary popular phenomena in the signification of fashion advertising, and its temporal ideology reflected are as follows ; According to the context of fashion advertising in the middle of 1990's, its fashion is that first, military look applied from the designs of various start of military uniform and vest look and pant style applied from dandy-style imitated from man's wear are popular. This mean that it reflects the change of point of view on woman's role in society today. That is, due to the equality between man and woman, it mirrors the ideology of feminism, and then, describes beautifully professional woman with carrier. Second, because that individualism is underlied for the change of consumer's consciousness, standardized popularity is disappeared, and in accordance with the mixture of various trends and personalities proposed every season, layered look that emphasizes individualism easiness and naturalness is popular.

무력감에 관한 개념분석

한명수 서강전문대학 1994 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

Powerlessness is the subjective feeling that comes from inability to control the circumstance due to the personal, environmental and situational factors. This paper was tried to analyze the attributes of this concept by literatuer review, summation of the thoughts of the nursing students, interview with a chronic ill patient and his family member, and 4 faculties of nursing school. The attributes of powerlessness was analized as follows; 1. It comes from realization that one can't control the situation. 2. It's a lethargic state from loss of expecting objects. 3. It makes a man shrinked by himself about burdening the situation. 4. It makes a man isolate himself from the society or is alienated by society. 5. It makes a man lakes for active will about specific target. Although powerlessness is a very importment concept not only the acute and chronic ill patients but the elderly, there are no articles concerning about the concept of the powerlessness. So this research was conducted to try the analysis that concept. It was suggested that the study of this concept should be continued so as to develop the operational definitions that can be observed at the empirical references and to develop the nursing interventions and measurement tools to apply for the practice.

건축공간구성에 있어서 벽난로의 의미와 변천에 관한 연구

韓受陣,全明鉉 홍익대학교환경개발연구원 1999 환경개발연구논문집 Vol.4 No.-

The hearth has had a traditional significance, as the heart of the home, or the focus of a community-a source of warmth, for cooking, a point of reference around which life revolves. So we can say that a fire has been concerned with the human life since the primitive ages. The hearth of he primitive ages was transformed into a fireplace and a chimney since the middle ages and such a fireplace, as one of elements of architectural planning, gives characteristic of symbolism and centrality to architectural space. In such aspect, the significance of fireplace is important in composition of architectural space.

하시모토 병과 동반된 악성 빈혈 1 예

한 호,안명주,최정혜,이창범,이영열,최일영,김인순,이웅수 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.2

Pernicious anemia is the most common cause of vitamin B12 deficiency and is caused by autoimmune destruction of parietal cell containing gastric mucosa region. This disease is significantly associated with autoimmune endocrinopathies and anti-receptor autoimmune disease. We report here a case of 26-year old man who was diagnosed pernicious anemia with high level of autoantibody titer (antithyroglobulin antibody 1:25,600 and antimicromosomal antibody 1:6,400) indicating subclinical Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Since other autoimmune diseases are frequently associated with pernicious anemia even without evidence of clinical symptoms, screening test for the presence of autoimmune disease should be evaluated in these patients.