Adiponectin Attenuates the Inflammation in Atopic Dermatitis-Like Reconstructed Human Epidermis

( Hee-seok Seo ),( Ki Hyun Seong ),( Chang-deok Kim ),( Seong Jun Seo ),( Byung Cheol Park ),( Myung Hwa Kim ),( Seung-phil Hong ) 대한피부과학회 2019 Annals of Dermatology Vol.31 No.2

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic disorder, with a vicious cycle of repetitive inflammation and deterioration of the epidermal barrier function. Adiponectin, an adipokine, has anti-inflammatory effects on various metabolic and inflammatory disorders. Recently, its level was found to be reduced in serum and tissue samples from AD patients. Objective: We aimed to investigate the effects of adiponectin on epidermal inflammation and barrier structures in AD skin. Methods: A three-dimensional in vitro epidermal equivalent model mimicking AD was obtained by adding an inflammatory substance cocktail to normal human epidermal equivalents (HEEs). The expression of epidermal differentiation markers, primary inflammatory mediators, and lipid biosynthetic enzymes was compared between adiponectintreated AD-HEEs, untreated control AD-HEEs, and normal HEEs. Results: Adiponectin co-treatment 1) inhibited the increase in mRNA expression of major inflammatory mediators (carbonic anhydrase II, neuron-specific NEL-like protein 2, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and human beta-defensin-2) from keratinocytes in AD-inflammatory HEEs, 2) enhanced the expression of lipid biosynthetic enzymes (fatty acid synthase, HMG CoA reductase, and serine-palmitoyl transferase), and 3) promoted the expression of differentiation factors, especially filaggrin. We also found that the expression of adiponectin receptor-1 and -2 decreased in the epidermis of chronic AD lesion. Conclusion: Activation of the adiponectin pathway is expected to enhance epidermal differentiation and barrier function as well as attenuate inflammatory response to AD as a therapeutic approach. (Ann Dermatol 31(2) 186∼195, 2019)

나혜석 문학연구의 현황과 과제

송명희 ( Myung Hee Song ) 현대문학이론학회 2011 現代文學理論硏究 Vol.0 No.46

이 논문은 나혜석의 문학연구의 현황을 살펴보고 앞으로의 연구 방향과 과제에 대해서 논의하였다. 나혜석은 현재 남겨진 자료의 관점에서 보면 화가로서보다는 문학가로서의 정체성이 더 확고하다. 나혜석의 문학연구가 동시대의 다른 여성작가보다 더 진전된 이유가 전집이 먼저 발간된 데 있다고 보고, 신뢰할 수 있는 전집이 나오기까지의 과정을 살펴보았다. 또한 <나혜석기념사업회>가 결성되어 심포지엄을 매년 개최함으로써 나혜석 연구의 활성화가 가능했다. 나혜석 연구의 현황을 단행본과 학위논문, 소논문 별로 살펴보았다. 그런데 나혜석만을 단독 연구대상으로 삼은 박사논문은 아직 나오지 않았다. 이는 나혜석 작품의 양적 빈곤과 작가의 문학사적 비중이 낮은 데 이유가 있다. 나혜석에 관한 소논문은 1980년대부터 100여 편이 발표되었는데, 1990년대에 접어들어 활발해지다가 2000년대 이후 양산되었다. 나혜석 문학연구는 우리나라의 페미니즘 비평이 활발해진 시기와 맞물리며 전개되었는데, 연구 결과 나혜석은 근대를 대표하는 페미니즘 문학가로 평가되었다. 나혜석 연구는 글쓰기의 표현방식과 페미니즘이라는 주제의 양 측면으로 이루어졌다. 그리고 나혜석 연구는 소설 「경희」 한 편에 치중하는 양상을 보이는 한편, 외국의 여성작가와 비교하는 논문이 18편이나 나와 있다는 점도 특이하다. 그간 나혜석의 주요 연구자들의 연구 성과를 살펴보았는데, 특히 일문학자들은 국문학자들이 접근하기 어려운 일본문학의 자료들을 통하여 나혜석의 페미니즘 형성에 영향을 미친 서구 및 일본의 영향관계를 밝히는 데 기여하였다. 나혜석은 근대기를 대표하는 여성작가로서 주제적 측면에서 페미니즘이라는 계몽의식에 투철한 작품을 썼고, 그 의식의 첨단성은 오늘날에도 새로움을 느낄 만큼 혁명적이다. 하지만 여성문학사가 아니라 주류 문학사에서도 나혜석이 기술되기 위해서는 페미니즘을 넘어서는 다양한 방법론으로 그의 문학이 재조명되고, 그 문학적 가치를 인정받을 때에 가능할 것이다. This study has a character like a history of research that says the process of study on Na Hyeseok`s works. She keeps identity more as a writer than as a painter from the viewpoint of remaining materials. The reason why the study about her works have made more progress than contemporary other female writers` is that her complete works were released earlier than others. We looked over the process of making two reliable complete works, Lee Sang-kyung`s in 2000 and Seo Jeong-ja`s in 2001. And another reason is, making ``the Foundation for Na Hye-seok``, we could hold ``the symposium for knowing about Na Hyeseok correctly``. We figured out the fruits of the symposium. I looked over books and theses concerning Study on Na Hye-seok, there are 21 books and 40 master`s theses. And she is treated as one of the female writers in early modern ages in around 10 doctor`s theses. Comparing other female writers, she has been shed on in regard to some subjects like eroticism, sexuality, and modernity. However, nobody studied solo, writing a doctor`s thesis, because she has just 6 short stories, 6 poems, and 1 play, respectively, moreover, most of her works are essays related to feminism and art which are not enough for a subject of literature works. In brief, I figured out that it came from quantitative shortage in works and in her low reputation in history of literature. Around 100 article on Na Hye-seok have been published from 1980`s, it was getting popular entering 1990`s, and it has been growing tremendously since 2000. Study on Na Hyeseok`s works began to develop the time when feminist criticism was getting popular, Na Hyeseok became regarded as a representative feminist writer. Studies focusing on the way how to write feminine writing, autobiographical writing, confession literature, and thematic sides such as feminism, modernity, the experience of colonization, images of female intellectuals, images of modern girls, sexuality, eroticism, and Christian observance were released. These studies are dealt within a big framework, feminism. And we can see that studies about Na Hye-seok concentrate on only the novel, 「Kyunghee」, on the other hand, there are already 18 comparative literature theses which are comparing her as a feminist writer with foreign female writers. Meanwhile, there have been principal researchers, Lee Sang-kyung, Seo Jung-ja, Song Myung-hee, Jeong Sun-jin, Choi Hye-sil, Lee Deok-hwa, An Suk-won, Noh Young-hee, and Kim Hwa-young, and so on. Especially, Noh Young-hee and Kim Hwa-young have contributed to showing the effect relations between the West and Japan which affected her formation of feminism with materials of Japanese literature which are hard to approach for scholars of Korean literature. Na Hyeseok, as a representative female writer in modern times, wrote thoroughly enlightening works which have the theme regarding feminism, and the recentness of the enlightenment was very innovative as we can feel newness of it today. But, to be treated not only in the history of female literature but also in the mainstream history of literature, it`s not possible until her works are described in various ways beyond feminism, and the literary value achieves recognition.

Interactional Functions of Negative Interrogatives in Korean and English Conversation

Myung-Hee Kim 한국사회언어학회 2010 사회언어학 Vol.18 No.1

Kim, Myung-Hee. 2010. Interactional Functions of Negative Interrogatives in Korean and English Conversation. The Sociolinguistic joumal cf Korea 18(1). This study aims to explore the forms of negative yes/no interrogatives and the social actions they perform in task-oriented conversations in Korean and English. The data consist of 20 Korean and 22 English pairs interacting with each other whiJe arranging a series of 15 pictures. It seems that negative yes/no interrogatives are used more extensively in Korean conversation than in English, and that they have different interactionaJ functions in the two languages. AnaJyses of the data suggest that negative yes/no interrogatives in English are used to perform a very specific function in interaction, making an assertion in a disaligning situation while seeking agreement from the addressee. On the other hand, it is shown that negative yes/no interrogatives in Korean are used as an important interactionaJ device between conversationalists. It seems that the choice of the two types of negative yes/no interrogatives in Korean is largely dependent on the speaker’s estimation of the following two factors: (a) the degree of certainty about the information conveyed, and (b) the degree of common ground with the addressee. (Hanyang University, Ansan)

만성 승모판 패쇄부전증 환자에서의 안지오텐신 전환효소 억제제의 장기 투여 효과

김대희,이명묵,이해영,조현재,박승정,서재빈,서정원,양한모,윤창환,조상호,이준희,김용진,김명아,손대원,오병희,박영배 대한순환기학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.2

Analysis of English Newspapers’ Coverage of the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake in Japan, Korea, and the U.S.

Kim Myung-hee 한국사회언어학회 2012 사회언어학 Vol.20 No.2

Kim Myung-hee. 2012. Analysis of English Newspapers' Coverage of the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake in Japan, Korea, and the U.S. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 20(2), pp. 93-114. The present paper aims to explore the different perspectives found in the English newspapers' coverage of the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake in Japan, Korea and the U.S., by using a corpus-based critical discourse analysis, The data is drawn from newspaper articles published in the Japan Times, the Korea Times, and the New York Times from March 11, 2011 to April 30, 2011. It is assumed that the different perspectives or ideological stances taken by each newspaper will affect the articles both quantitatively and qualitatively. Quantitatively, it is hypothesized that the keywords list and the thematic distribution of the articles in each national newspaper will be influenced by the perspectives of the society or culture a given newspaper is part of. A qualitative analysis of the headlines and the articles will also show the newspapers' different perspectives of the same event. This paper uses the framework of the ‘ideological square (van Dijk 1998)’ to explore this issue: the positive representation of one's own group and the negative representation of that of others.

캐나다한인소설에 재현된 서발턴의 서사와 거주 공간의 분리

송명희(Song, Myung-hee) 한국비평문학회 2015 批評文學 Vol.- No.57

이 글은 전지구화 시대에 캐나다에서 주변화된 존재로 살아가는 캐나다한인 이주자를 서발턴(subaltern)의 관점에서 바라보며, 그들의 삶의 질 추락과 거주 공간의 분리에 대해 캐나다한인소설을 중심으로 고찰하였다. 캐나다한인들은 보다 높은 삶의 질을 추구하기 위해 자발적으로 이민했지만 이민은 오히려 그들의 삶의 질을 떨어뜨렸으며, 계급적 추락을 초래하게 만드는 아이러니한 결과를 나타냈다. 즉 이주 후 캐나다한인들의 사회경제적 위치는 모국에서의 중산층적 지위보다 한층 낮아졌고, 오히려 타자화(otherness)와 주변화(marginalization)가 심하게 일어났다. 캐나다한인소설에는 캐나다한인들이 저임금의 막노동이나 자영업에 종사하는 현실, 백인들의 유색인종 이민자에 대한 차별적 태도, 그리고 거주 공간이 분리된 상황 등 서발턴으로서의 주변화된 삶이 재현되어 있다. 그야말로 캐나다한인소설은 캐나다한인들의 주변화된 삶을 형상화한 서발턴의 서사라고 할 수 있다. 캐나다한인 작가들은 그 자신들이 한국문학과 캐나다문학 그 어느 곳의 중심에도 속하지 못하는 주변적 존재, 즉 서발턴이다. 하지만 그들은 한국에서 높은 교육을 받은 고학력자들로서 이민 이후 캐나다에서 한인문단을 조직하고, 한국어로 그들의 주변화된 삶을 그려내며 자신들의 서발턴의 지위에 꾸준히 저항하여 왔다. 그들이 자신들의 문학을 통하여 정체성을 질문하고, 자신들의 스토리를 구성해 왔다는 것은 의미 있는 일이다. 하지만 그것만으로는 부족하다. 그들은 캐나다 공용어로 작품을 발표함으로써 주류사회를 향해 그들의 목소리(independent voices)를 보다 적극적으로 낼 수 있어야 한다. 그래야만 서발턴으로서의 주변화된 위치를 벗어나는 데 도움이 될 수 있다. This article at hand approaches the Korean Canadian immigrants who are living marginalized lives in Canada from a subaltern perspective, and examines the decline in their quality of life and the segregation of living space as represented in Korean-Canadian novels. The Korean Canadians voluntarily immigrated into Canada to pursue a higher quality of life, yet ironically the consequences were contradictory: a decline in the quality of life and the fall of social status. That is to say, the socio-economic status of early Korean-Canadian immigrants fell far below the middle-class standing that they once had in their homeland, and they were instead faced with severe marginalization. The Korean-Canadian novels represent the unhappy life of the Korean Canadians as subalterns: their reality of working in lowwage physical labor or self-employed jobs, their suffering from the local white community’s discriminatory attitude toward the colored immigrants, and the segregation of living space. The Korean- Canadian novels can truly be called the narratives of the subalterns that give shape to the marginalized lives of the Korean Canadians. The Korean-Canadian writers themselves can be thought of as being marginalized, that is, as subalterns who cannot identify themselves as belonging to either Korea or Canada. Nevertheless, they are people who took their higher education in Korea. Since they immigrated into Canada, they have organized Korean literary circles in Canada, written their marginalized lives in the Korean language, and consistently resisted their subaltern status. It is indeed meaningful that they questioned their identity through their novels and created their own stories. Yet it is far from enough. They should be able to voice their independence more actively into mainstream literature and society by publishing their works in an official language of Canada. Only then can they help themselves get out of their marginalized status as subalterns.

자발성 뇌내출혈 환자의 비위관 제거시기에 관한 연구

김명희,김영희,김영미,주영희,이윤미,정은혜 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.1

Dysphagia is common and serious problem in intracerebral hemorrhage patients. Nasogastric-tube incubation is an important method for dysphagic patients who have an intracerebral hemorrhage. But many discomforts develope in patients with a nasogastric-tube. Therefore, it is necessary to decide when to remove the tube and as early as possible. The purpose of this study is to decide the applying time of training program to facilitate deglution for dysphagic patients who have intracerebral hemorrhage. Among the 343 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage who had been admitted to P-university hospital from April, 1994 to December, 1998, the medical record of the 110 patients with nasogastric tube were reviewed retrospectively. Results from the study were as follows : 1.Nasogastric tube insert duration of improved patients was a mean of 23.2 days 2.When a L-tube was inserted and removed, the L.O.C. of improved patients was 2.6±0.8(in the midst of stupor or a semicoma). 1.9±0.5(close to drowsy), respectively This was signifcantly different(p=0.000). 3.When a L-tube was inserted and removed, GCS of improved patients was 9.3±2.9. 12.1±2.2 respectively This was significantly different (p=0.000). 4.The duration of nasogastric tube insertion was the longest when in a stupor(L.O.C), 6 ∼8 points(GCS).

고등학교 일본어 교육에 있어서 도구 및 매체로서의 컴퓨터 활용방안

이명희,이정희,정희영 부산여자대학교 교육과학연구소 1998 교육과학연구 Vol.- No.3

허균과 매창의 시조

김명희(Kim Myung-Hee) 한국시조학회 2005 시조학논총 Vol.22 No.-

허균과 매창은 사대부와 기녀의 관계로 알게 된 사이다. 그러나, 허균은 매창을 여성 문학인으로 재능을 인정하고 평생 詩友로 존경하며 사랑한 사이였다. 허균은 천재 시인, 혁명가, 이상향을 꿈꾸는 평등주의자여서 여성과 서얼을 인간으로 대접하려는 따뜻한 성품의 소유자였다. 그러한 허균이 매창을 중국에 기녀시인 설도에 비견하고 매창을 조선의 최고 기녀시인으로 손꼽는 데는 매창 시의 한 특성이 있다고 본다. 그녀의 시조는 상실감에 가득한 비애 가운데서도 임과의 재회를 꿈꾸는 소망의식이 가득한 시 의식을 지니고 있다고 본다. 또한, 그녀는 사대부와의 관계에서 나름대로 등거리 사랑을 추구하였고 그에 성공하였기 때문에 성적 욕망의 대상인 기녀 신분이면서도 성이 뒤로 앉은 貞操 어린 여성으로 자리 잡아 사대부들의 존경과 시선을 한 몸에 받은 시인이었다. 허균의 폄하 발언으로 얼룩진 평가를 재평가하고, 매창의 시가 비애 의식에 머물러 있지 않고 소망의식으로 발돋움하였다는 것을 밝히고 있다. Woman is individual than social. passive than active and defensive than offensive. In addition. they taught that these characters are femine in the middle ages and the feudal ages. The closed and limited society was common to women in the feudal society. But there were many classes in women society from the humble maids to the queen in Chosun Dynasty. And Kisaeng(a singing and dancing girl) was free in comparison with the noble women. But Kisaeng were also limited as woman. They could write literary works according to the playing with poems and something like that with the men of intellectual class. But this also gave them sorrows. In the feudal Chodun Dynasty. men recognized the noble women specially and this is the special quality of Chosun. The Confucianism which was the existense thought of Chosun, discriminated between men and women. But women studied secretly and wrote poems pouring their thoughts and emotions. Maechang wrote many Shijo (Korean verse) with the delicacy description and the real expression. The reason Chosun woman Maechang could wrote Shijo which is free from the feudal limitations is that she was Kisaeng, She had a love as a Kisaeng who had to play with the intellectual men. But she loved Yu hee-kyoung. So she preserved chastity for him and waited only him. This is the love of both body and soul. And love with Hu kyoon friendship which is far from love. The limited love because of the spatial parting and the discrepancy of the social position is the most sorrowful. 10 years love with the intellectual men such as Hu kyoon is a friendship with poems. It was not love, so they had to temperate, So they love each other as a literary friend. We can see the feminist Hu kyoon, and see Hu kyoon who loved the literature and assert the renovation. Maechang was free from the chastity but she preserved it because of her proud. She dreamed the fairyland as Hunansulhun. Because she couldn't realize love. She ended her literature and Kisaeng life at 38 years old. There are literature of nansulhun as a noble woman and of maschang as a Kisaeng in Chosun Dynasty.

리조트소속 에이전트가 현장에서 경험하는 직무만족과 불만족 요인 및 대안 탐색

강명구(Kang, Myung-Goo),송희경(Song Hee-Kyung) 한국체육과학회 2016 한국체육과학회지 Vol.25 No.4

This study is to examine influence factors belonging resort agent on job satisfaction and dissatisfaction in the field experience with analyzing in depth in order to provide alternatives and the basis for a university, sports agencies, resorts and ministries responsible for training of agents. To accomplish the purpose of the study, 89 agents belonging to resorts in Gangwon Province. are subjected to questionnaire with open questionnaire as a phenomenological method. To support of the open questionnaire results, in-depth interviews were conducted by selection of 5 representative agents. To examine job satisfaction and dissatisfaction factors with open questionnaire, questionnaire from the study of Kang, Myung-Goo(2013), Lee, Jung yeon(2003) and Byun, Jae-Woo, Kim Woo-Sung(2014) is used after revising to fit for the study. Data collection was conducted from 1st December 2015 to 31st of January 2016 with open questionnaire and in-depth interviews in order. Data analysis was implemented as area analysis and classification analysis and the results are as follows. First, for job satisfaction factors of agent belonging to the resort, 5 sub-categories of the work achievement, aptitude for work, business creativity, flexibility of work and interpersonal relationships with 17 concepts are extracted. Second, for job dissatisfaction factors of agent belonging to the resort, 5 sub-categories of inefficiencies, conflict, competition, environmental sensitivity and shift pattern of working with 14 concepts are extracted. Third, for the alternative of job dissatisfaction for agent belonging to the resort, 3 sub-categories of supports on social environment, variety of promotions and improvement in conditions with 8 concepts are extracted.