Piagetd의 인지발달 단계별 계열적-동시적 처리과정 프로파일 분석

문수백,양경수 대구효성가톨릭대학교 교육연구소 1997 교육연구논집 Vol.5 No.-

The purpose of this study is to find out if the sequential processing ability and the simultaneous processing ability are consistent in each stage of Piaget’s cognitive development, and to provide a proper educational program which fits every individual and positive data for the improvement of teaching and learning methods, while analyzing the profile for any differences between these two processing ability in each stage(Pre-operational stage, concrete-operational stage, and formal-operational stage) 232 students(kindergarten: 115, elementary third grade: 57, sixth grade: 60) were randomly sampled for this study. K-ABC-K, which Kaufman & Kaufman(1983), originally developed for assessing children’s intelligence(K-ABC: Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children) and later translated into Korean by Moon(1988), was used as a measuring instrument. In order to classify the Piaget’s cognitive development stages, conservation tasks and a balance beam were used: Piaget’s conservation tasks(number, mass, liquid, weight, bulk conservation) was used for the distinction between pre-operational stage and concrete-operational stage, and balance beam, invented by Piaget’s was used for the distinction between concrete-operational stage and formal-operational stage. As statistical processing methods, a principal component analysis and a principal factor analysis were conducted with an SPSS factor analysis program in order to see if there were a sequential processing factors and a simultaneous processing factor in each stage of Piaget’s cognitive development. To find out the difference between sequential processing and simultaneous processing ability in each stage of the cognitive development, a repeated t-test was used. A result of this study is as follows: First, at the stages of Piaget’s cognitive development, pre-operational stage, concrete-operational stage, and formal-operational stage, a K-ABC subscale of mental processing, a sequential processing factor and a simultaneous processing factor appeared consistently in each stage. Second, among the Piaget’s cognitive developments, the children, who are in pre-operational stage, concrete-operational stage, and formal-operational stage where this study was focused, proved that they have a special profile of sequential and simultaneous processing ability. In other words, those children who were considered to be in the cognitive development of the pre-operational stage by the Piaget’s tasks, had a high-simultaneous processing and low-sequential profile regardless of their ages. Third, those children who were classified into the concrete-operational stage, and formal-operational stage according to Piaget’s tasks, have a high-sequential processing and low-simultaneous profile.

황색포도알균에 의한 급성 화농성 천골장골관절염 1예

문수연,신준범,김경엽,김석연,문수영,문송미,이미숙 대한감염학회 2007 감염과 화학요법 Vol.39 No.5

저자들은 특별한 위험 인자 없이 심한 허리 및 왼쪽 둔부 통증으로 내원하여 황색포도알균에 의한 균혈증이 진단된 젊은 여성에서 드문 감염질환인 화농성 천골장골관절염과 엉덩근 및 엉덩허리근 농양이 발생된 예를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Pyogenic sacroiliits is a rare disease and the diagnosis is difficult because of unawareness of the disease and nonspecific symptoms and signs mimicking septic hip, iliopsoas muscle abscess and herniation of intervertebral disk. There are some predisposing factors related to the disease like trauma, pregnancy, intravenous drug abuse and infection of other systems such as skin, genitourinary system and heart. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common causative bacteria. Here we describe a case of 27-year-old woman presented with acute onset of back and left buttock pain. Bone scintigraphy revealed increased uptake at left sacroiliac joint and computed tomography of the pelvis showed left sacroiliitis with left iliacus and iliopsoas abscess. There was no history of usual predisposing conditions. S. aureus was grown from blood cultures and the patient improved with 2 weeks of intravenous cefazolin followed by 4 weeks of oral clindamycin treatment.

비병원성 야생효모로부터 알칼리성 단백질분해효소 생산

문정수, 박경서, 공유리, 김수진, 이종수 배재대학교 자연과학연구소 2022 自然科學論文集 Vol.33 No.1

Recent Advances in Therapeutic Biliary Endoscopy

Moon, Young Soo 白中央醫療院 2004 仁濟醫學 Vol.25 No.1

담도질환에 대한 치료내시경 시술은 Kawai 등이 치료에 가장 기본이 되는 내시경적 유두부 괄약근절개술을 개발한 이후 30여년에 이르는 역사를 갖게 되었다. 내시경적 치료 수기는 끊임없이 발전하여 왔으며, 현재에도 다양한 방법과 기술이 개발되어 도입되고 있다. 최근에 담도의 치료내시경 시술의사들은 여러 가지 방법의 치료시술의 장단점을 비교하고 비용-효과의 측면을 고려하여 각 시술에 대한 장기 성적에 많은 관심을 갖게 되었다. 담도의 영상진단에 있어 자기공명 담도영상의 눈부신 발전으로 진단적인 목적의 내시경적 역행성 담췌관조영술은 점점 감소하는 추세에 있다. 그러나 치료의 면에 있어서는 담도 병변에 대하여 직접적인 접근을 가능하게 하므로 여전히 다른 검사가 대신할 수 없는 필수적인 시술로 남아 있다. 본 종설에서는 담도질환에 대한 내시경적 치료에 관한 여러 주제를 중심으로 최근의 진보를 논하기로 했다.

Cellulase 생산 야생효모의 선별 및 세포외 Cellulase 생산

문정수, 박경서, 김혜원, 김수진, 이종수 배재대학교 자연과학연구소 2016 自然科學論文集 Vol.33 No.1

The Potential ‘O-GlcNAc-P’om’

Il Soo Moon(문일수),HyunSook Lee(이현숙),Hyung Jong Lee(이형종) 한국생명과학회 2013 생명과학회지 Vol.23 No.2

O-GlcNAc 화(O-GlcNAcylation)는 단백질의 serine이나 threonine에 N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) 분자가 결합하는 것으로, 기존의 당단백질과 달리 세포질 및 핵단백질 모두에 일어난다. 또한 수정의 속도가 빠르고 가역적으로 일어남이 인산화 수식과 유사하다. 그러나 수많은 인산화효소와 탈인산화효소가 관여하는 것과 달리 O-GlcNAc 수식은 O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT)와 O-GlcNAcase (OGA) 단 두 개의 효소에 의하여 이루어진다. 이러한 단순한 조절기전은 세포가 내외환경에 즉시 적응할 수 있도록 진화한 것으로 해석된다. 즉, O-GlcNAc 수식은 특정한 단백질 하나 하나의 활성을 켜거나 끄는 것이 아니라, 세포의 신호전달과정의 효율을 전반적으로 조절하는 ‘가변저항기(rheostat)’ 역할을 한다. O-GlcNAc 수식은 흔히 같은 아미노산 혹은 그 주변의 아미노산이 인산화되는 것을 수반하는데, 이는 인산화와 함께 서로 조화를 이루어 세포활성을 조절하는 것으로 해석된다. 최근 O-GlcNAc이 더 나아가 O-GlcNAc-P로 인산화될 가능성이 제시되고 있는 바, 본 총설에서는 이의 가능성을 이론적으로 설명하고, 실제 실험결과를 소개한다. The addition and removal of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) molecules on serine or threonine residues of a protein is called O-GlcNAcylation. This post-translational modification occurs on both cytoplasmic and nuclear protein, and is fast and reversible as comparable to phosphorylation. In contrast to the phospho-signaling cycles, this emerging moon-lightening signaling is cycled by only two enzymes, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). The simple machinery is a good evolutionary adaptation of a cell for quick accommodation to continuously fluctuating intra- and extracellular microenvironments. Rather than “switching” on or off a specific proteins ? this would be done by phosphorylation where numerous specific kinases and phosphatases are involved - O-GlcNAcylation would play a “rheostat” which would be much more delicately increase or decrease the efficacy of signal transductions in response to cellular nutrient and stress conditions. Interestingly, recent evidence indicates that O-GlcNAc is further modified by phosphorylation. The O-GlcNAc-P will upgrade the modulation efficiency of cellular processes to continuous ‘analogue’ level. So far, only one protein AP180 was reported to have O-GlcNAc-P on Thr310. But, proteomic data from our laboratory indicate that there are multiple O-GlcNAc-P proteins, constituting “O-GlcNAc-P’om”. This will focus on the possibility of existence of “O-GlcNAc-P’om”.

관상동맥내 스텐트 삽입후 발생한 관상동맥류 2례

제인수,허민영,문치숙,이재호,정수룡,조길현,이영민,김대경,김두일,김동수 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.3

Coronary artery aneurysms are detected with increasing frequency because of the routine use of coronary angiography in the diagnosis and management of coronary artery disease. Although some coronary artery aneurysms are congenital or inflammatory, most are atherosclerotic. The prognosis of atherosclerotic coronary artery aneurysm may depend on the morphology of the aneurysm or the presence of coexisting obstructive disease. Coronary artery aneurysms have been also reported to occur after ballon angioplasty, directional athrectomy, laser angioplasty, and stent implantation with a frequency of 2% to 4%. The long-term outcome of post-intervention coronary artery aneurysm is unknown. We report two cases of the development of a coronary aneurysm 6 months after stent implantation as a treatment of severe obsructive coronary artery disease.

Captopril과 Nifedipine 병합요법의 강압효과에 관한 임상적 연구

이영수,문언수,김준호,공수정,정시진,주용진,정상만 건국대학교 의과학연구소 1993 건국의과학학술지 Vol.3 No.-

Background: The hypotensive effect of captopril(angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) and nifedipine(calcium channel blocker) was studied. Method: Captopril(75mg) and nifedipine(30mg) were administered in 30 hypertensive adults during twelve weeks after a week observation for washout with stepwise increments of the dose according to the patient's blood pressure in every two weeks. Result: The supine blood pressure were decreased from 169.5±22.3/104.0±20.3 mmHg to 130.4±21.3/82.4±19.5mmHg at the end of twelve weeks during therapy.(p<0.05) The standing blood pressure were also decreased conferrably and to the some lower level. Hematologic examination and blood chemistry revealed no discernible abnormal findings before and after the treatment. During the period of the study a few probably drug-related symptom such as cough and headache, gastrointestinal disturbance developed but not troublesome enough to administering. Conclusion: Captopril and nifedipine regimen is well tolerated and effective in the treatment of hypertensive patients.

병원에서 사용된 백신양으로 평간한 예방접종 실태

김정수,백용수,정문현,이진수,오경선 대한감염학회 2008 감염과 화학요법 Vol.40 No.3

Background : Studies on immunization in Korea mainly focus to the coverage rates in recipients. The attitudes of health-care providers regarding immunization are rarely evaluated. Therefore, to assess the pattern of vaccine administration by health-care personnel, the vaccine consumption in a university hospital was investigated. Materials and Methods : The vaccine consumption in a university hospital during 2 months (September and October) in 2 years (2002 and 2007) was evaluated. September is representative of months when influenza vaccine is not available, whereas October is representative of months when influenza vaccine is available. These monthly data were summarized by departments and vaccines. Results : Vaccine consumption over the 5-year period increased primarily because of the increased use of the influenza and tetanus-diphtheria (Td) vaccines in adults. In 2007, the most frequently administered vaccine during the influenza season was the influenza vaccine, followed by the Td vaccine. In the same year, the Td vaccine was the most frequently administered vaccine during the non-influenza season. Compared to 2002, there was a marked increase in the use of the hepatitis A virus (7-fo1d), Japanese encephalitis (6-fo1d), and pneumococcal polysaccharide (3-fold) Vaccines in 2007; the Td, meningococcal, and pneumococcal protein-conjugated vaccines were not available in 2002. In adults, pneumococcal vaccination was increasingly prescribed concomitant with the increased influenza vaccination: a similar trend was not observed in children. The use of vaccines in most departments was confined to the influenza vaccine, and the majority of Td vaccine was consumed in the emergency department. As compared to the internal medicine and family medicine departments, fewer vaccines were prescribed by the neurology, surgical, and minor specialty departments, especially in the non-influenza season. Conclusion : Although vaccine consumption increased during the 5-year period, the increase was attributed to the increased consumption of the influenza vaccine. Promotion and education regarding the use of non-influenza vaccines are needed. 배경 : 국내에서 백신 사용은 접종을 받은 사람에서만 조사가 되었고, 예방접종 제공자에서 조사가 적었다. 앞으로 백신 접종률을 높이기 위해서는 접종자에 대한 연구도 있어야 하며, 병원 단위에서 백신 사용 양상을 알기 위해 대학병원에서 백신 사용량을 조사하였다. 재료 및 방법 :2002년과 2007년의 9월과 10월에 약제부에서 사용된 백신 양을 조사하였다. 9월은 인플루엔자 백신이 없는 달을 대표하는 달이고 10월은 인플루엔자 예방 접종이 가능한 달을 대표한 것이다. 월별 백신 소모량을 과별, 백신별로 정리를 하였다. 결과 : 2002년에 비해 2007년에는 백신 사용량이 1.6배 증가했으며, 인플루엔자 백신과 Td의 사용 증가가 주요 이유였다. 인플루엔자 백신 접종 시기에는 인플루엔자 백신 사용량이 제일 많았고, 두 번째 많이 사용되는 백신은 2002년에는 B형 간염 백신이었고 2007년에는 Td였다. 성인에 서는 인플루엔자 백신 사용과 함께 폐렴사슬알균 백신 사용량이 늘었지만 소아에서는 이런 경향이 보이지 않았다. 인플루엔자 백신 접종 시기인 10월에는 소아과에서 사용보다 비소아과에서 백신 사용량이 더 많았다. 과별로 보면 대부분 과에서 인플루엔자 백신이 주로 사용되었고, 응급실에서는 Td만이 사용되었다. 신경과와 재활의학과, 외과계열, 소수과에서 사용이 적었다. 결론 : 예방접종이 5년 사이 증가하였으나 인플루엔자 백신에 국한된 양상을 보였다. 인플루엔자 백신과 파상풍-디프테리아 백신뿐만 아니라 다른 백신에 대한 홍보가 필요하다.

당뇨병 환자에서 혈장 Thrombin-Antithrombin Ⅲ 및 Plasmin-α_2-Plasmin Inhibitor 복합체의 임상적 의의

김경욱,김은숙,정상수,윤수지,박우일,이준희,남수연,안철우,문병수,김경래,차봉수,송영득,임승길,이현철,허갑범 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.25 No.5

연구배경:당뇨병 환자에서 혈액응고 및 섬유소용해 체계의 이상경향이 있어 그 결과로 여러 혈관합병증의 발생위험이 높다는 사실은 널리 알려져 있다. 그 기전은 아직 확실히 밝혀지지 않았으나, 고혈당으로 인한 혈장 단백질들의 비효소성 당화작용이나 산화성 스트레스로 인한 유리 라티칼 작용으로 응고항진이나 섬유소용해 활성의 저하를 유발하는 것으로 생각되고 있다. 최근 응고 및 용해인자와 그 억제자의 복합체들의 증가가 이 상태를 비교적 예민하게 반영한다고 알려져 있다. 방법:본 연구에서는 당뇨병 환자 101명과 정상 대조군 20명에서 혈장내 thrombin­antithrombin complex(TAT)와 plasmin­α₂­plasmin inhibitor complex(PIC)를 측정하여 비교하고, 당뇨병 환자에서 미세혈관 합병증과 대혈관합병증의 유무에 따른 차이와, 이미 혈관 질환의 위험인자로 알려져 있는 인자들간의 상관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 결과:1. 환자의 분포를 살펴보면 혈관합병증이 있는 군은 85명, 혈관합병증이 없는 군은 16명이었고, 평균연령은 각각 57.9±14.1세, 49.9±16.6세로 혈관 합병증이 있는 군에서 더 나이가 많았고, 체질량지수는 23.2±3.4㎏/㎡, 24.1±3.4㎏/㎡로 두 군간 유의한 차이는 없었다. 또 두 군간의 혈압 및 HbA1c, 공복혈당 및 인슐린과 C­peptide, 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, HDL­콜레스테롤, Lp⒜는 유의한 차이가 없었고, 미세혈관합병증이 있는 군에서 당뇨병의 유병기간이 길었다. 2. TAT 및 PIC의 농도는 정상 대조군에서는 2.8±1.2 ng/mL, 240.4±69.7 ng/mL이었고, 당뇨병 환자군에서는 9.5±22.6 ng/mL, 472.2±258.7 ng/mL이었다. TAT와 PIC 모두 당뇨병 환자군에서 정상 대조군에 비해 유의하게 증가되어 있었고(p<0.001), TAT/PIC ratio는 두 군간 차이가 없었다. 3. 당뇨병 환자의 혈관합병증에 따른 TAT 및 PIC, fibrinogen 농도는 합병증이 없는 군은 각각 4.1±2.4ng/mL, 362.2±272.0ng/mL, 322.7±102.4mg/mL으로 PIC와 fibrinogen의 증가를 보였으나, 연령을 보정한 후에는 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 또 대혈관 합병증군에서는 각각 6.0±4.9 ng/mL, 507.4±321.6 ng/mL, 427.1±194.7 mg/dL이었으며 미세·대혈관 합병증군에서는 10.4±6.4 ng/mL, 484.8±269.7 ng/mL, 388.4±132.4 mg/dL으로 TAT의 증가를 보였으나 역시 연령을 보정한 후에는 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 4. 미세혈관합병증군에서 HbA1c(>8%)가 높은 군의 PIC 농도가 유의하게 높았고(p=0.049), 대혈관합병증군에서 HbA1c(>8%)가 높은 군의 총 콜레스테롤 농도가 유의하게 높았다(p=0.042). 5. 총 당뇨병 환자군에서 PIC는 fibrinogen과 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를, BMI와 음의 상관관계를 보였으며(r=0.47, 0.31,-0.25), 혈관 합병증이 없는 당뇨병 환자군에서만 TAT는 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를 보였다(r=0.67). 결론:이상의 결과에서 혈장 TAT 및 PIC 농도는 당뇨병 환자에서 정상 대조군에 비해 의미있게 증가되어 있었고, 당뇨병 환자군에서는 연령의 증가와 유병기간이 혈액응고항진 및 용해의 장애에 큰 역할을 함을 알 수 있었으며, 총 당뇨병 환자군에 PIC와 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를, BMI와 음의 상관관계를 보였으며 혈관 합병증이 없는 당뇨병 환자군에서만 TAT는 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 따라서 당뇨병 환자에서 혈액응고 및 용해의 장애가 동반되어 있다고 볼 수 있으며, 혈장 TAT 및 PIC는 혈관합병증으로의 진행을 예측하는 지표로서 유용하리라 생각된다. 또 혈당조절정도와 상관성이 있으므로 혈당조절후에 추적검사를 시행하여 합병증의 예방이 가능한지 추후 연구가 필요하리라 생각된다. Background : Abnormality of coagulation and fibrinolystic system is known as a predisposing factor of vascular complication in diabetes. Although the pathogenesis is not well known, non-enzymatic glycation reaction and the increase in production of free radicals due to an increased oxidative stress may be linked to the hypercoagulibility and hypofibrinolytic activity. As indices of abnormality in coagulation and firinolysis in peripheral blood, plasma thrombin-antithrombin Ⅲ complex (TAT) and plasmin-α_2-plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC) were measured. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether hypercoagulability exists in diabetic patients with or without vascular complication. Methods : In our study, we measured plasma thrombin-antithrombin Ⅲ compelx (TAT) and plasmin-α_2-plasmin inhibit or complex (PIC) in 101 diabetic subjects and 20 controls. Comparing TAT and PIC levels in diabetic microvascular complication group, diabetic macrovascular complication group and controls, we examined correlation between risk factors associated with diabetic vascular complication. Results : 1. The group with diabetic vascular complication was older than group without complication. There was no significant difference in BMI, blood pressure, HbA_ic, blood sugar level, insulin, C-peptide, serum creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, Lp (a) between two groups. The group with diabetic microvascular complication had longer duration of diabetes. 2. Concentration of TAT and PIC were 2.8±1.2 ng/ mL, 240.4±69.7 ng/ mL in controls and 9.5±22.6 ng/ mL, 472.2±258.7 ng/ mL in diabetic patients, respectively. TAT and PIC were significantly higher in diabetic patients than in control (p<0.001). But TAT/PIC ratio was no significant difference between two groups. 3. In diabetic patients, concentration of TAT and PIC and fibrinogen were respectively 4.1±2.4 ng/ mL, 362.2±272.0 ng/ mL, 322.7±102.4 mg/ dL in group without vascular complication and 5.3±4.1 ng/ mL, 529.5±258.7 ng/ mL, 374.9±106.2 mg/ dL in group with microvascular complication, which group had increase in PIC and Fibrinogen but no significance after correction of age. Concentration of TAT and PIC and Fibrinogen were 60.±4.9 ng/ mL, 507.4±321.6 ng/ mL, 427.1±194.7 mg/ dL in macrovascular complication, and 10.4±6.7 mg/ mL, 484.8±269.7 ng/ mL, 388.4±132.4 mg/ dL in combined vascular complication which group showed increase of TAT but also had no significant increase after correction of age. 4. In diabetic microvascular complication patients, group of high HbA_1c (>8%) (p=0.049) had significant high PIC concentration. In diabetic macrovascular complication patients, group of high HbA_1c (>8%) (p=0.042) had significant high total cholesterol concentration. 5. In all diabetic patients, PIC was positively correlated with fibrinogen and HbA_1c and negatively correlated BMI (r=0.47, 0.31, -0.25). Only in daibetic patients without angiopathy, TAT was positively correlated with HbA_1c (r=0.67). Conclusion : In this study, plasma TAT and PIC concentration significantly increased in diabetic patients compared with controls, and PIC was increased in group with microvascular complication, TAT were increased in group with combined micro macrovascular complication. However, there was no significance relationship existed when correctinf for age. PIC was correlated with HbA_1c. TAT was correlated with HbA_1c only in the group without angiopathy. Abnormality of coagulation and fibrinolysis were combined in diabetes, plasma TAT and PIC can be used as an index of vascular complication. Also we found the correlation with the degree of the blood glucose control. Therefore we need follow up study for the possibility of prevention of vascular complication after controlling the blood glucose to age-matched patients (J Kor Diaabetes Asso 25:354~363, 2001).