河川에서 質量 分散 Model의 有限差分 解析

文亨夫 여수대학교 1989 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

The design of waste treatment facility and the establishment of environmentally-acceptable effluent standards for rivers require that the dilution attributable to natural turbulence be estimated for particular river and particular disposal sites. Dilution of natural-buoyant liquid wastes is achieved by an interaction between turbulent diffusion and differential convection ; the overall process is referred to as dispersion. The objective of this research is to develop an efficient computational model for the prediction of time-dependent mass dispersion in natural streams. The computational model developed in this study is based on a finite-difference solution to the depth-averaged dispersion equation ; the model may be used to predict depth-averaged concentrations resulting from a pollutant source of arbitrary time and space configuration in a stream of arbitrary geometry and nonuniform but steady flow. Problems of numerical instability and damping in the convective stage of the computation are avoided through the use of a half-implicit and half explicit second order differencing scheme for the space derivative ; numerical dispersion cannot be eliminated, but may be minimized by judicious choice of time and distance steps.

화농성 견관절염의 관절경적 처치

문영래,유재원,심형준,박준광 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 2002 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.27 No.1

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of arthroscopic drainage in the management of septic arthritis of the shoulder. Materials and methods : The cases of nine septic glenohumeral joints were evaluated. Each patient was treated by arthroscopic irrigation and necrotic synovectomy, combined with parenteral antibiotics. Result In five of nine shoulders in which treatment was begun four weeks or less after symptoms appeared, a satisfactory functional outcome was obtained, while four patients who were treated after a delay of more than four weeks had poor results. Conclusion : The most significant factors leading to poor results of treatment were delay in instituting treatment, virulence of the infecting organism, and a serious process of underlying disease. Arthroscopic drainage is a valuable procedure for the treatment of the septic arthritis of shoulder. Arthroscopic drainage is a method that has proved effective, with minimal morbidity, in attempts to cure septic arthritis of the shoulder.

『大明律』과『經國大典』 編纂의 法制史的 의의

문형진 韓國外國語大學校 外國學綜合硏究센터 中國硏究所 2004 中國硏究 Vol.34 No.-

I choose this topic because Chinese lows exerted tremendous influence on the peninsula of Chao Sun, however Korea only pays attention to the original code……"Jing Guo Code", but not its mother law……" the Law of Ming Dynasty" in China. "Implication"("綠坐"), the representative idea of Legalists in Qin Dynasty became an article of low. In Xi Han Dynasty, "Chun Qiu Jue Yu"("春秋決獄") and "Jing Yi jue Yu"("經義決獄")etc., which are the idea of "virtue first but penalty second" became the main aspect of law. "The system of remission which eight kinds of people could get"("八義制度") in Cao Wei Dynasty and "the noble men could use their ranks to compensate their crimes"("官當制度") in Nan Chen Dynasty(557-589) became article. In the law of Hou Jin Danasty(317-420), there was an article "准五服制罪", which means to punish according to a relative system of China, while in Bei qi Dynasty(550-557), there was an article called "the ten most serious criminal"("重罪十條"). Till then, the Confucianization of law almost had formed a system. In Sui Tang Dynasty, the confucianization of law went on developing. According to "etiquette is the only standard", the concept of "etiquette is superior to law" was set up. The general and disordered articles became more concreat. In Ming and Qing Dynasty, the legislative spirit of "the Law of Tang Dynasty" was passed on and they tried to formulate a pithier law of universal significance. In order to achieve that, "the law of Ming Dynasty" had been changed four times in the year of Wu Yuan(1364), the seventh year of Hong Wu(1374), the 22nd year of Hong Wu(1399), and the 30th year of Hong Wu(1397). The revised law of Ming Dynasty became a general criminal law in the following 550 years. The first emperor of Ming Dynasty(Ming Tai Zu) took part in the revision work himself and tried to mix his own idea of "the combined using of etiquette and law"("禮法幷用"), "the law should fit for the situation("當適時宜''), and "a good law should be pithy""("法貴簡當") etc. Were reflected in "the law of Ming Dynasty". His ruling idea of paying arrention to propagating law contributed to the popularization of law.

朝鮮初 婚俗변천에 따른 법적 영향에 대하여

문형진 한국외국어대학교 외국학종합연구센터 1997 국제지역연구 Vol.7 No.4

우리의 고유한 사회제도는 처가살이가 보편적으로 시행되고 아들과 딸에게 똑같이 상속이 행해지며, 혼인한 딸도 부모의 제사를 지냈다. 그런데 조선시대에 이르러 중국식 혼속이 도입되면서 여자가 남자집에 들어가서 시부모를 모시는 시집살이가 행해졌다. 남녀균분상속(男女均分相續)에서 아들 중심으로 상속이 되는가 하면, 제사권이 아들의 고유 권한으로 정착되면서 장자에게 보다 더 많은 재산이 상속되는 남성중심의 사회로 변화되었다. 우리가 흔히 떠올리는 여자의 지긋지긋한 시집살이와 남자의 첩살이는 불과 300여 년밖에 되지 않는 풍속이다. 본고는 조선초 혼속의 변천 과정을 살펴보면서 법적 諸규정과 법률적 처벌이 미친 영향에 대해 살펴보았다. People do not see much variety in their customs at changes that take place in governments and rulers in a sense that long-listing habits and practices are to be perpetuated in to their life and spirit, or people naturally try to avoid something that they are not familiar or comfortable with. In fact. the establishment of Chosun Dynasty had experienced a strong need for changes in nation's funeral rites and matrimonial customs. Burial was on the verge of replacing a buddhist cremation that required the dead body to be cleaned and burned to ashes. Contemporaries showed a strong disapproval against such a change; they would see such a new way as one to try to merely place their dead parents into an ice-cold ground, and to discharge their duties as sons and daughters by leaving the dead bodies decomposed and infested. Thus, the new way of burial needed quite a ling to be placed as a new tradition. Likewise, matrimonial customs also faced a need for changes, which actually were not to be accepted by those who had followed a traditional Humanities Study by Chu Hsi. According to the followers, a man would live in his wife's home to let his children inherit family traditions on their mother's side. And this is strongly against their ideological doctrines that promoted a male-dominated society. But, for those familiar with living in wife' house, a Chinese way of living in husband's house was one way that had to be avoided. So, in early Chosun Dynasty, King continued to point out such customs and advise otherwise only to be rejected even by their own government officers. Thus, the Chinese way of marriage was forced to begin from royal marriages, and later, followed by the officers. This study aims to note the legal influence of Ming Dynasty's statute on changing matrimonial customs of Chosun Dynasty. Here follows the results. Chu Hsi customs had to put people under restraint and pressure to be accepted by them, which made a contribution to a circulation of political ideas of Chu Hai. Without legal restraints and pressures, citizens could not have accepted the new customs, further resisting the process of making the new customs universal. This is the very reason for why the legal aspects of Ming Dynasty's statue, which was used as political means, are to be preceded in understanding Chosun Dynasty, not by simply emphasizing politics of Chu Hsi.

奸淫罪 諸法 규정과 그 처벌 실태

문형진 한국외국어대학교 외국학종합연구센터 중국연구소 2006 中國硏究 Vol.37 No.-

Traditional Confucianism had great influences on the way of thinking of the East Asians. The value system that one loves one's family members and his relatives based on self-love is at the heart of the academic principles of Confucianism. The rules of etiquette vary according to the degree of intimacy of relatives and these differences eventually affected the enactment of the laws regarding the related matters. The scope of relatives in traditional China was based on both paternal and maternal lines. They considered as relatives up to nine generations going back to one's great-great- grandfather. They also demarcated to include lineal and collateral relatives in their current generation corresponding to the above criterion applied to their ancestors. The dress code in mourning for the deceased indicated intimacy between the living and the dead. If the dead were one's intimate relatives, one spent a long time in mourning dress which was coarser. On the other hand, if the dead were one's distant relatives, one spent a relatively short time in mourning dress which was close to one's ordinary clothes. The degree of kinship between assaulter and victim also affected the constitution of a crime and the extent of punishment. The criminal law system of traditional China was based on kinship. The present study, therefore, focused on crimes of rape when it examined the criminal law system of traditional China.

A.M.L. Porous-coated Cementless Hip Prosthesis를 사용한 고관절전치환술의 경험

문형석,윤승호 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1987 충남의대잡지 Vol.14 No.2

Total hip replacement for the hip arthropathy is going well in our country with the conception of fixing total hip prosthesis by bony ingrowth rather than by cement. It has evaluated in an attempt to decrease the incidence of loosening. Since 1984, we have been experienced with cementless total hip replacement with porous-coated femoral prosthesis and acetabular component, at the Dept. of Orthopaedic surgery of Chungnam National university Hospital, Taejeon Korea. The results were as follows: 1. A, total cases of 36 have been experienced with A.M.L. porous-coated femoral stem and acetabular component. 2. Clinically, before and after operation, each patient was evaluated using the method by d' Aubigne and Postel grading. 3. The operation time was shorter than other methods. 4. Post-operative complications were lower clinical rating but it was unassociated with the success of stem fixation methods. 5. For the further study, we will be assessment of the radiographic evaluation, especially loosening or stress shielding on the A. M. L. porous-coated prosthesis.

중국전통법제 속에 나타난 儒ㆍ法思想의 융합 과정에 관하여

文亨鎭 韓國外國語大學校 外國學綜合硏究센터 歷史文化硏究所 1999 역사문화연구 Vol.9 No.-

유가 신관의 종교교육학적 지평

崔文馨 韓國宗敎敎育學會 2003 宗敎敎育學硏究 Vol.16 No.-

종교교육의 구체적 내용은 각 종교의 신념과 교의에 따라 다를 수 있지만 그 공통적 함의는 성스러움에의 지향이라고 하겠으며 이것은 선진 유가의 신관에 잘 드러나 있다. 공자 신개념의 사상적 출발은 고대 상제신앙에서 비롯되어 주대의 정치적 천명사상을 거쳤다. 공자는 전래돼 오던 신앙의 대상으로서 인격적 천신의 요소를 긍정하면서도 천의 절대적 권위를 개인의 윤리적 자각의 촉구하는 내재적 의미의 천개념으로 전향시켰다. 공자의 신관은 초월적인 면을 무시하지 않으면서도 인간의 자각적 노력 또한 경시하지 않았다. 즉 초월성과 내재성, 자율성과 타율성의 융합적 성격을 갖는다. 공자는 인간 주체의 선과 덕성의 잠재적 가능성에 대한 신념을 강조했다. 맹자의 신관은 외적 측면과 내적 측면의 두 가지로 나타난다. 외적인 정치적 측면으로는 『시』·『서』를 중심으로 주대의 천명 정치사상을 민본과 혁명의 근거로 통치자에게 왕도정치(인정)를 제시했다. 또 내적인 윤리적 측면에서는 인간 심성의 내면을 추구하여 인간본성의 선함을 천에 근원시키고 있다. 천명은 인성의 내적 근거가 되며, 성선은 천명에 기초한 인정(仁政)과 혁명의 명분을 제공한다. 이러한 유가의 신관은 인간 개개인의 종교적 완성과 연결된다. 이는 선천적 도덕의 가능성으로 시작하여 인격의 완성을 지향처로 하는 자발적 감수성으로 발전했으며 이러한 종교교육적 함의가 바로 동양의 신관에 함축되어 있다. In this essay, we will discuss the concept of God in Ancient China and its religious functions. We find that Confucius turned the absolute dignity of Heaven to the idea that Heaven is the immanent being and urged individuals to be morally aware, as well as affirming the factor of the personal Heavenly God as the object of faith. This Confucian concept of God shows that the personal God (Lord-on-High) in ancient China was depersonalized, and came down to the human world. The God in Confucianism takes part in the human society and the worldly order, however limited. In other words, it can work with 'jen 仁', the order of human inside, and 'Li 禮', the consideration of the outside. It is characterized as the adaptation with no tension between Man and God, and between Man and society. It shows that Confucianism which communicates with something focuses on this worldliness and rationalism as its features.

하구둑 축조에 따른 흐름특성에 관한 연구

신문섭,이동주,김재형 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2005 공업기술연구 Vol.5 No.-

The tidal flow regime at the shallow sea area is usually decided by topographical factors, such as forms of shorelines, bottom topography, channel, sand bar or tidal flat, etc. This study is on the Keum River Estuary, which appears exactly phenomenons of tide caused by complicated topographical changes, and it is inquired out or not change of depth and current on numerical experiments before and after constructed estuary dike.

합천호 수질 및 영양단계에 대한 평가

최형섭,조인철,변종환,문병현,허종수 한국환경농학회 2003 한국환경농학회지 Vol.22 No.1

호수 유입 하천인 황강의 1996~2001년 년도별 평균 수질은 COD 3.1~4,2 mg/L, T-N 2.460~3.550 mg/L, T-P 0.111~0.201 mg/L이였다. 호수내의 평균 수질은 COD가 1996년 1.9 mg/L에서 2001년 2.7 mg/L로 매년 조금씩 종가하는 것으로 나타났다. 호수내의 1996~2001년 년도별 평균 T-N 농도는 1.393~l.792 mg/L 이었으며, T-P농도는 0.018~0.023 mg/L 이였다. 식물성 플랑크톤의 발생 정도를 나타내는 Chl-α와 T-N, T-P와의 상관계수는 각각 0,382, 0.372였으며, 또한 수온과 강우량에 대한 상관계수는 각각 0.589, 0,526이였다. 따라서 합천댐의 경우 식물성 플랑크톤의 발생이 T-N, T-P보다 수온 및 강수량과 더 밀접한 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 호수의 영양단계는 중영양~부영양 단계에 있는 것으로 평가되었다. The yearly average water qualifies of the Whang river, which flows into the Hapcheon lake, were COD 3.1~4.2 mg/L, T-N 2.460~3.550 mg/L, and T-P 0.111~0.201 mg/L during 1996~2001. The yearly average COD concentration of Hapcheon lake was increased from 1.9 mg/L (in 1996) to 2.7 mg/L (in 2000). However, T-N and T-P concentration of Hapcheon lake did not show increasing trend over the 6 year period. During 1996~2001, the yearly average concentrations of T-N, T-P were 1.383?1.792 mg/L, 0.018~0.023 mg/L, respectively. The correlation coefficients between chlorophyll α and T-N, T-P, rainfall intensity, water temperature were 0.382, 0372, 0.589, and 0.526, respectively. Therefore, the rainfall and water temperature appeared to play an important role for the variations of chlorophyll α concentration in the Hapcheon lake. Trophic state of the Hapcheon lake were evaluated to be in the range of mesotrophic to eutrophic.