Replicability of Annual and Seasonal Precipitation by CMIP5 and CMIP6 GCMs over East Asia

Mohammed Sanusi Shiru,Shamsuddin Shahid,채승택,정은성 대한토목학회 2022 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.26 No.4

Global climate models (GCMs) structure is a source of uncertainty in climate change projections. Therefore, evaluation of the performances of GCMs is crucial for development of adaptation and mitigation measures and risk reduction against climate change impacts. This study quantified the performances of 10 GCMs of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) and their CMIP6 equivalents in replicating precipitation over East Asia during 1975 – 2005. The CMIP5 and CMIP6 GCMs and their multi-model ensembles (MMEs) were annually and seasonally compared with the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) precipitation. Compromise Programming was used to rank GCMs by aggregating their scores obtained using statistical performance indices. Taylor diagram was used to assess their relative performances and GCMs' ability to replicate seasonal precipitation distribution was evaluated. Results revealed most CMIP6 GCMs' have better replicability of GPCC precipitation than CMIP5 GCMs. The MME mean of the CMIP6 showed better replicability of annual and seasonal GPCC precipitation than that of CMIP5. The CMIP6 MME also showed efficiency in simulating the seasonal precipitation distribution over East Asia. This study indicates improvements of some CMIP5 GCMs in their CMIP6 equivalents over East Asia. Findings from this study can be significant to policy makers and engineers in reducing the uncertainties in prediction of events such as floods and droughts.

Knowledge Towards HPV infection and HPV Vaccines among Syrian Mothers

Alsaad, Mohammed A.,Shamsuddin, Khadijah,Fadzil, Fariza Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.3

Cervical cancer is caused by HPV infection and can be prevented by early vaccination. Objective: To assess Syrian women's level of knowledge and determinants of good knowledge of cervical cancer, HPV infection and its vaccines. Methods: A cross sectional survey was undertaken among mothers with daughters in sixth grade classes enrolled in primary schools in Aleppo city, Syria. Samples were selected through cluster sampling and data collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Results: Less than a third of the mothers had heard of HPV infection and vaccines against cervical cancer and levels of knowledge were generally low. Good knowledge was associated with high education level, higher family monthly income, having few - less than four children, positive history of cervical cancer screening, and working or having relatives working in the medical field. The main source of information was television and few reported health care providers as a source of knowledge on HPV infection and vaccine. Conclusion: Since knowledge of HPV infection and its connection with cervical cancer and its vaccine are low, more efforts must be made to educate Syrians prior to introduction of any HPV vaccination programme. Public health efforts must focus on educating mothers, the public as well as health care providers.

An Overview of Uni- and Multi-biometric Identification of Identical Twins

Bayan Omar Mohammed,Siti Mariyam Shamsuddin,Shafaatunnur Hasan 대한전자공학회 2019 IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing & Computing Vol.8 No.1

Biometric techniques can differentiate identical twins, and this makes the techniques a subject of interest. Studies on biometric techniques have been conducted in many disciplines. Unimodal biometric systems with twins, however, have issues including intra-class variations, noisy data, limited freedom levels, non-universality, vulnerability to spoof attacks, and intolerable rates of error. Several of these limitations are manageable through the use of multimodal biometric systems that combine the evidence brought by many sources of information. This survey highlights the relevant literature, the accessible datasets for research, and the subjects of uncertainty, and proposes future research.

Normal and Abnormal Fertilisation of Zebu Cattle Oocytes In Vitro

Talukder, Anup Kumar,Shamsuddin, Mohammed,Rahman, Mohammad Bozlur,Bari, Farida Yeasmin,Parish, John J 韓國受精卵移植學會 2009 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.2

Successful in vitro embryo production heavily relies on the normal maturation and fertilisation of oocytes. We examined the normal and abnormal fertilisation of zebu cattle oocytes matured in vitro. Immature cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) from zebu cattle ovaries at slaughter were matured in vitro (IVM) for 24 h. The oocytes were either fixed, stained and examined for nuclear changes or fertilised in vitro (IVF) with Percoll-separated, heparintreated spermatozoa (1.0 /mL) of zebu (n = 7) and crossbred bulls (n = 7). After 18 h of sperm-COCs co-incubation at C with 5% in humidified air, the presumptive zygotes were fixed, stained and examined for pronuclei. The number of oocytes retrieved per ovary was 5.4 0.7. The percentage of matured oocytes was 73.0. The difference in motility of spermatozoa before and after Percoll seperation was significant (p<0.001). The percentages of normal and abnormal fertilisation (polyspermia and oocytes with one pronucleus) varied significantly depending on individual bulls (p<0.05). A protocol for IVF of IVM oocytes in Bangladeshi zebu cattle is developed. A future study may elucidate the capacity of such IVM-IVF oocytes to develop to the blastocyst stage for transfer to surrogate mother.

Normal and Abnormal Fertilisation of Zebu Cattle Oocytes In Vitro

Anup Kumar Talukder,Mohammed Shamsuddin,Mohammad Bozlur Rahman,Farida Yeasmin Bari,John J parish 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2009 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.2

Successful in vitro embryo production heavily relies on the normal maturation and fertilisation of oocytes. We examined the normal and abnormal fertilisation of zebu cattle oocytes matured in vitro. Immature cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) from zebu cattle ovaries at slaughter were matured in vitro (IVM) for 24 h. The oocytes were either fixed, stained and examined for nuclear changes or fertilised in vitro (IVF) with Percoll-separated, heparintreated spermatozoa (1.0 × 106/mL) of zebu (n = 7) and crossbred bulls (n = 7). After 18 h of sperm-COCs co-incubation at 39℃ with 5% CO2 in humidified air, the presumptive zygotes were fixed, stained and examined for pronuclei. The number of oocytes retrieved per ovary was 5.4 ± 0.7. The percentage of matured oocytes was 73.0. The difference in motility of spermatozoa before and after Percoll seperation was significant (p<0.001). The percentages of normal and abnormal fertilisation (polyspermia and oocytes with one pronucleus) varied significantly depending on individual bulls (p<0.05). A protocol for IVF of IVM oocytes in Bangladeshi zebu cattle is developed. A future study may elucidate the capacity of such IVM-IVF oocytes to develop to the blastocyst stage for transfer to surrogate mother.

Joint Modelling of Drought Severity and Duration using Copula Theory: A Case Study of Ghana

Gyamfi Kwame Adutwum,정은성,Mohammed Sanusi Shiru,Shamsuddin Shahid 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.4

Analysing and understanding the occurrence and development of droughts is of great significance in mitigating drought impacts. This study assessed the possible changes in the joint distribution of drought duration and severity in two major cities of Ghana, Accra and Yendi. The duration and severity of droughts, estimated using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), were determined based on run theory. The best-fitted Copula models were used to combine the drought duration and severity to analyse the drought return period. The gamma, lognormal and Weibull distributions were considered to select the marginal distributions for the duration and severity, while the normal, t, Gumbel, Joe, Clayton and Frank copulas to select the best-fit Copula model. Bias corrected climate simulations of six Global Climate Models (GCMs) of the CMIP6 were used to project drought characteristics for the near and far futures. The results showed the Clayton and Frank copulas as the most suitable for fitting the joint distribution of drought duration and severity at Accra and Yendi, respectively. Lognormal and Weibull distributions were the most suitable for the marginal distributions of severity and duration, respectively. The joint return periods of droughts showed almost no change in the future compared to the historical period in Accra with a historical mean of 11.36 and a near and far future mean of 12.26 and 10.30 respectively but significantly reduced return periods in the future in Yendi with a near and far future means of 1.47 and 2.13 respectively compared to a historical mean of 17.40. The drought risks estimated for different future periods can provide useful information in planning, management, and assessing the adequacy of the water structures in the region.

Issues Related to Employees at Telecommunication Companies in Yemen and the Role of Management Information Systems in Solving It

Yaser Hasan Al-Mamary,Alina Shamsuddin,Nor Aziati Abdul Hamid,Mohammed Hasan Al-Maamari 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.8 No.12

In this days, organizations invest in management information systems because they provide economic value to the business. While the adoption of management information systems in the organizations, especially in Yemen is still dealing with issues in field of successful adoption. In other hands, the Telecommunications industry today is a key enabler of productivity across economies and societies. In context of Yemen, the telecommunication sector is a strategic and vital sector being of direct link with the citizen and public and private institutions alike. The sector has witnessed substantial change and developments during the last ten years. However, There are a lot of issues in telecommunication companies in Yemen. This paper aims to shed some light on issues related to employees at telecommunication companies in Yemen, and the role of management information systems in solving these issues.

In vitro maturation and fertilization of prepubertal and pubertal black Bengal goat oocytes

Momena Khatun,Mohammad Musharraf Uddin Bhuiyan,Jalal Uddin Ahmed,Aminul Haque,Mohammed Shamsuddin,Mohammad Bozlur Rahman 대한수의학회 2011 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.12 No.1

Oocytes retrieval, in vitro maturation (IVM) and fertilization (IVF) efficiency are inevitable steps towards in vitro production of embryos. In the present study, these parameters were investigated in the ovaries of prepubertal (n = 31) and pubertal (n = 61) black Bengal goats obtained from a slaughterhouse. Nuclear maturation was evaluated upon aspiration and following IVM in TCM-199 (Earle’s salt with L-glutamine and sodium bicarbonate) for 27 h at 39oC under 5% CO2 in humidified air. The oocytes retrieval and efficiency (mean ± SD) per prepubertal and pubertal goats were 5.2 ± 0.6 and 6.8 ± 0.6, and 77.3 ± 0.1% and 80.5 ± 0.6%, respectively. Anaphase I - telophase I stages differed significantly (7.3 ± 0.8 vs. 2.6 ± 0.2, p < 0.05) between the two groups of goats. After IVM, the percentages of metaphase II were significantly higher (66.3 vs. 60.3, p < 0.05) in pubertal goats than in their prepubertal counterparts. The percentages of normal in vitro fertilization (IVF) in Fert-Tyrode’s albumin lactate pyruvate of pubertal goat oocytes did not differ between Percoll and swim-up sperm separation methods (36.7 ± 0.9% vs. 32.7 ± 1.3%, p > 0.05). Furthermore, sperm capacitation by heparin alone or in combination with ionomycin did not lead to a significant increase in the normal fertilization rate (34.8 ± 1.7 vs. 32.2 ± 1.5%, respectively) in the oocytes of pubertal goats. In conclusion, the ovaries of pubertal black Bengal goats obtained from the slaughterhouse could be used for in vitro embryo production. However, further optimization of the IVM and IVF techniques are necessary for satisfactory in vitro embryo production.

Reproductive Disorders that Limits the Reproductive Performances in Dairy Cows of Bangladesh

Abdulla Al Maruf,Ashit Kumar Paul,Napolean Bonaparte,Mosharrof Hossain Bhuyian,Mohammed Shamsuddin 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2014 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.29 No.2

The reproductive disorders are the major causes of reproductive infertility in cows that affect the total annual calfcrop, resulting in great economic loss in Bangladesh. The aim of the study was to find out the reproductive disorders(RD) in dairy cows that markedly influences the reproductive performances in aspect of Bangladesh. A total numberof 1658 dairy cows were selected according to their body condition score (BCS) in different farms at the southernpart of Bangladesh during the period of 2011 to 2012. The preliminary data (basic information) were collected directlyfrom the dairy farmer’s record books and asking questions according to a prescribed questionnaires as well as thediagnosis of RD was presumptively confirmed on the basis of history, clinical signs and examination of animals byultrasonography and others necessary tools. There are thirteen major reproductive disorders were identified. Overallprevalence of reproductive disorders at that area were 23%, among of these anoestrus 5.1%, repeat breeder 3.7%,metritis 4.4%, poor heat detection 1.6%, ovarian cyst 0.36%, retain placenta 4.6%, dystocia 0.97% and pyometra0.24%. It is indicated that anoestrus and retention of placenta after calving was most hazardous cause of infertilitywhereas the metritis and repeat breeder were the second line of consequence. RD had shown significantly higherincidence in low BCS (≤2) than that of fair (2.5) and very good (≥3∼3.5). In conclusion, the highest RD especiallyanoestrus and retention of placenta is very alarming for reproductive loss which might be needed further research toidentify the specific cause of these disorders for establishment a profitable dairying and dairy population.

Semen Quality of the Black Bengal Bucks Used at Commercial Artificial Insemination

Ajoy Chandra Dhar,Anup Kumar Talukder,Mohammad Bozlur Rahman,Abdullah-Al-Mamun,Mohammed Shamsuddin 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2010 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.25 No.4

Only an optimum number of viable spermatozoa in a frozen-thawed insemination dose can ensure conception at artificial insemination (AI). We report here the percentages of normal, abnormal and viable spermatozoa present in the frozen-thawed semen of 20 Black Bengal bucks used for commercial AI. Bucks in this experiment were of 19.3~46.1 months old and 25~42 kg body weight. Four semen straws (0.25 ml) from each buck were collected for evaluation of their kinetic parameters. Scrotal circumference was measured by using a scrotal tape, sperm motility was estimated on eye estimation and sperm concentration was determined by using a haemocytometer. Sperm morphology was studied in paraformaldehyde fixed spermatozoa under differential interference contrast (DIC) microscope. To determine the proportion of live (plasma membrane intact) spermatozoa, semen was stained with SYBR-14 and propidium iodide and examined under fluorescent microscope. Scrotal circumference, post-thaw sperm motility, sperm concentration per insemination dose and proportion of normal spermatozoa were 21.5 ± 0.7 cm, 43.5 ± 5.4%, 83.5 ± 6.7million and 88.3 ± 4.1%, respectively. The percentages of spermatozoa with head shape and acrosome abnormalities were lower (2.7 ± 1.1 and 1.4 ± 1.3, respectively), whereas higher percentages of abnormalities (7.0 ± 1.8) were observed in mid piece and tail portion. The proportion of live spermatozoa was 28.5 ± 5.4. It is concluded that although a good number of morphologically normal spermatozoa are present in the insemination dose, the proportion of live spermatozoa is low, which warrants further improvements of buck semen freezing procedures to ensure good quality at AI.