Pulmonary diseases in slaughtered cattle 4. Pathology of pulmonary lesions

Rahman Akm Anisur,Nooruddin Md,Hossain M Mokbul,Rahman M Siddiqur,Hossain Mohammad Arif,Song Hee-Jong The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2006 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.29 No.4

A study of pulmonary diseases in the slaughtered cattle (n = 125) of Mymensingh town was conducted to study pathological findings using the standard methods from September 2001 through April 2002. The pulmonary lesions observed in this study included congestion, emphysema, anthracosis, pleuritis abscess and hemorrhage. The histopathological findings of congestion were characterized by hemorrhage, a large number of leukocytes infiltration in the lumen of the alveoli, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, proliferation of fibrous connective tissue and hyperplasia of bronchiolar epithelia. Histopathologically, emphysema was identified by the distended alveoli with thin and atrophied alveolar walls. In anthracosis, carbon particles were found in stroma and alveolar lumen. In pleuritic lesions, there was a proliferation of fibrous connective tissue along with the infiltration of mononuclear reactive cells. Abscesses were characteristic of the accumulation of neutrophils surrounded by immature fibroblasts forming a capsule like structure.

Short Communication : Pulmonary diseases in slaughtered cattle 4. Pathology of pulmonary Lesions

( AKM Anisur Rahman ),( Md Nooruddin ),( M Mokbul Hossain ),( Mohammad Arif Hossain ),( Hee Jong Song ),( M Siddiqur Rahman ) 한국가축위생학회 2006 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.29 No.4

A study of pulmonary diseases in the slaughtered cattle(n=125) of Mymensingh town was conducted to study pathological findings using the standard methods from September 2001 through April 2002. The pulmonary lesions observed in this study included congestion, emphysema, anthracosis, pleuritis abscess and hemorrhage. The histopathological findings of congestion were characterized by hemorrhage, a large number of leukocytes infiltration in the lumen of the alveoli, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, proliferation of fibrous connective tissue and hyperplasia of bronchiolar epithelia. Histopathologically, emphysema was identified by the distended alveoli with thin and atrophied alveolar walls. In anthracosis, carbon particles were found in stroma and alveolar lumen. In pleuritic lesions, there was a proliferation of fibrous connective tissue along with the infiltration of mononuclear reactive cells. Abscesses were characteristic of the accumulation of neutrophils surrounded by immature fibroblasts forming a capsule like structure.

Evaluation of Bio-Control Efficacy of Trichoderma Strains against Alternaria alternata Causing Leaf Blight of Ashwagandha [Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal]

Md. Ahsanur Rahman,Md. Arifur Rahman,Zakiah Rahman Moni,Mohammad Anisur Rahman 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2020 Journal of Forest Science Vol.36 No.3

Ashwagandha is an important ancient medicinal crops, being affected with many diseases, among which leaf blight caused by Alternaria alternata has become the constraint resulting in huge yield losses. Continuous usage of chemical methods leads to environment, soil and water pollution. Whereas biological control of diseases is long lasting, inexpensive, eco-friendly and harmless to target organisms. In this context, it is aimed to evaluate five Trichoderma strains viz. Trichoderma virens IMI-392430, T. pseudokoningii IMI-392431, T. harzianum IMI-392432, T. harzianum IMI-392433 and T. harzianum IMI-392434 as bio-control efficacy against A. alternata and growth promoting effect in Ashwagandha. All the Trichoderma strains had varied antagonistic effects against the pathogen. In dual culture technique, the strain T. harzianum IMI-392433 showed maximum percentage inhibition of mycelial growth (54.89%) followed by T. harzianum IMI-392432 (53.83%), T. harzianum IMI-392434 (48.94%) and T. virens IMI-392430, (43.62%) against the pathogen, while the least inhibition percentage was observed with the T. pseudokoningii IMI-392431 (36.60%). The culture filtrate of the Trichoderma strain, T. harzianum IMI-392433 recorded highest inhibition on the mycelial growth (39.05%) and spore germination (80.77%) of pathogen and the lowest was recorded in T. pseudokoningii IMI-392431 (20.45 and 50%). Moreover, seeds treated with spore suspension of the strain T. harzianum IMI-392433 reduced the percentages of disease severity index significantly. The strain T. harzianum IMI-392433 also significantly increased seed germination %, seedling vigor and growth of Ashwagandha. The correlation matrix showed that root yield per plant of Ashwagandha had significant and positive correlation with plant height (r=0.726**), number of leaf (r=0.514**), number of primary branch (r=0.820**), number of secondary branch (r=0.829**), fresh plant weight (r=0.887**), plant dry weight (r=0.613**), root length (r=0.824**), root diameter (r=0.786**), root dry weight (r=0.739**) and fresh root weight (r=0.731**). The significant and negative correlation (r=-0.336**) was observed with the root yield and percentages of disease severity index. The study recognized that the T. harzianum IMI-392433 strain performed well in inhibiting the mycelial growth and reduced the percentages of disease severity index of pathogen as well as increased the plant growth in Ashwagandha.

Tube agglutination test is superior than other serological tests for diagnosis of brucellosis in small ruminants

Rahman, Md. Siddiqur,Jahan, Nusrat,Hossain, Mohammad Arif,Uddin, M.J.,Shil, Niraj Kanti,Islam, KBM Saiful,Ahasan, Md. Shamim,Rahman, A.K.M. Anisur,Song, Hee-Jong The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2008 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

Brucella spp. are small, non-motile Gram-negative coccobacilli known to cause disease in a number of vertebrate species including humans and brucellosis is one of the world's major zoonoses, alongside bovine tuberculosis and rabies. There are about 33.55 million goats and 1.16 million sheep in Bangladesh. The sheep and goats can significantly play an important role in the economic well being of the resource-poor farmer in Bangladesh. Sexually matured 362 female small ruminants(300 goats and 62 sheep) were examined. Approximately 3-5 ml of blood was collected from the jugular vein of each animal and sera samples were prepared. Samples were then tested for brucellosis by using Rose Bengal test(RBT), plate agglutination test(PAT) and tube agglutination test(TAT). Among 362 small ruminants, irrespective of species(sheep or goat), diagnosed highest in TAT, 2.21%(n=8) and lowest both by RBT & PAT, 1.93%(n=7) and it is concluded that TAT is superior than RBT and PAT.

Postharvest technologies for fruits and vegetables in South Asian countries: a review

Mohammad Akbar Faqeerzada,Anisur Rahman,Rahul Joshi,박은수,조병관 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2018 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.45 No.3

Agricultural systems in South Asian countries are dominated by smallholder farmers. Additionally, these farmers have limited access to pre- and post-harvest technologies due to their high initial cost. The lack of these technologies in postharvest handling is responsible for 20% to 44% of fruit and vegetable losses. These high losses are largely the result of a generally weak basic postharvest infrastructure for the preservation of products, which avoids damage from improper handling, transportation, packaging, and storage. High postharvest losses of products negatively affect food availability, food security, and nutrition, as the producer is able to sell less of the farm yield and the net availability of these food commodities for consumption is reduced. An underlying cause of these postharvest losses is the limited awareness and knowledge bases of stakeholders (researchers, farmers, governments, nongovernmental organizations, and merchants) in the traditional supply chains in which these losses occur. The analysis presented in this paper explores the state of postharvest practice in South Asian countries and discusses options for low-cost postharvest technologies in the region that can support small-scale farmers and provide a viable pathway for supply to the market, joining with modern value chains and bringing about individual and regional reduction in postharvest losses of fruits and vegetables. The improvement of basic and simple low-cost technologies through precise research efforts has the potential to prevent such huge losses of products, and help meet the ever-increasing demand for food in South Asian countries.

Prediction of moisture contents in green peppers using hyperspectral imaging based on a polarized lighting system

Mohammad Akbar Faqeerzada,Anisur Rahman,Geonwoo Kim,Eunsoo Park,Rahul Joshi,Santosh Lohumi,Byoung-Kwan Cho 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2020 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.47 No.4

Quality Analysis of Stored Bell Peppers Using Near-Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging

Rahman, Anisur,Faqeerzada, Mohammad Akbar,Joshi, Rahul,Lohumi, Santosh,Kandpal, Lalit Mohan,Lee, Hoonsoo,Mo, Changyeun,Kim, Moon Sung,Cho, Byoung-Kwan American Society of Agricultural and Biological En 2018 Transactions of the ASABE Vol.61 No.4

<P>Abstract. The objective of this study was to predict the moisture content (MC), soluble solids content (SSC), and titratable acidity (TA) content in bell peppers during storage (18°C, 85% relative humidity) over 12 days, based on near-infrared hyperspectral imaging (NIR-HSI) in the 1000-1500 nm wavelength range. The mean spectra of 148 mature bell peppers were extracted from the hyperspectral images, and multivariate calibration models were built using partial least squares (PLS) regression with different preprocessing spectra techniques. The most effective wavelengths were selected using the variable importance in projection (VIP) technique, which selected optimal variables for the target quality parameters of bell peppers from a full set of variables. Subsequently the selected variables were used to develop a PLS-VIP model for simplifying the prediction model. The MC, SSC, and TA content in bell peppers during storage changed from 90.7% to 93.0%, from 6.1%Brix to 7.3%Brix, and from 0.222% to 0.334%, respectively. The PLS regression model with MC, SSC, and TA content resulted in coefficients of determination (R<SUP>2</SUP>pred) of 0.83, 0.85, and 0.7, with standard errors of prediction (SEP) of 0.08%, 0.075%Brix, and 0.013%, respectively, using SNV preprocessed spectra for MC and TA content and Savitzky-Golay (S-G) second-order derivatives preprocessed spectra for SSC of bell peppers. By contrast, the prediction results yielded R<SUP>2</SUP>pred of 0.69, 0.75, and 0.68, respectively, with SEP values of 0.103%, 0.107%Brix, and 0.011% when the PLS-VIP model was employed. The PLS-VIP model simplified the calibration model by selecting the most important variables in terms of their responsiveness to bell pepper quality properties. The results revealed that HSI coupled with multivariate analysis can be used successfully to predict the MC, SSC, and TA content in bell peppers. Keywords: Fruit quality, Hyperspectral imagery, Image analysis, Spectral analysis, Stored bell pepper.</P>

Hyperspectral Imaging for Green Pepper Moisture Content Prediction Using Polarized Lighting Systems

( Mohammad Akbar Faqeerzada ),( Anisur Rahman ),( Byoung-kwan Cho ) 한국농업기계학회 2017 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.22 No.2

Illumination is a key subsystem for good quality image acquisition. When the green pepper image was acquired using direct lighting system, provides the specular reflection from the shiny surface features of the objects and its intensity fluctuates with time. These specular pixels, typically with reflectance values approaching or exceeding 100%, produce highly invalid spectral responses. Hence, it is not recommended to include the specular pixels in the data set for any spectral processing. These phenomena can be accomplished by placing a polarizing filter at the light source and another on the camera lens. Therefore, the objective was set to feasibility study VIS/NIR hyperspectral imaging along with polarized lighting system to predict the moisture content of green pepper. After acquiring the spectral images, each green pepper was used for moisture content (w.b) determination by the gravimetric method using a drying oven at 105°C for 24h. The mean spectra from three portions (5×5 pixels) on each 100 matured green peppers were extracted. A multivariate calibration model was developed by using partial least squares (PLS) regression with different preprocessing methods. The result showed that the smoothing preprocessed spectra based model resulted in better performance for the prediction of moisture content compared to other models, with a determination coefficient (R²_pred) of 0.81 and standard error of prediction (SEP) of 0.71%. The regression coefficients yielded by the best PLS regression model were used to select feature wavelengths for creating the mapping image of the moisture content. Accordingly, the polarization filter helps for uniform illumination and removing of gloss and artifact glare from the green pepperimages. Finally, conclude that the hyperspectral imaging with a polarized lighting system and appropriate multivariate analysis has the potential for the prediction of moisture contentin green pepper.

Internal Quality Analysis of Garlic (Allium sativum) Using Hyperspectral Imaging Technique

( Anisur Rahman ),( Mohammad Akbar Faqeerzada ),( Byoung-kwan Cho ) 한국농업기계학회 2017 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.22 No.2

A non-destructive method based on hyperspectral imaging technique was used to predict the allicin, and soluble solid contents of Garlic cloves (Allium sativum) in the range of 1000-1700 nm. The mean spectra of the 200 garlic cloves were extracted from the hyperspectral images, and the reference allicin, and soluble solid contents of the same sample were measured. The spectral data were used to develop partial least square (PLS) regression models with different preprocessing method such as weighted moving average smoothing, multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), standard normal variate (SNV), and derivatives based on the Savitzky-Golay (S-G) algorithms and selected the best preprocessing method based on coefficients of determination (R²_pred), and standard errors of prediction (SEP). Then, the most effective wavelengths were selected using the variable importance in projection (VIP) technique from the best PLS regression model, which selected optimal variables for the target quality parameters of garlic cloves from a full set of variables. Subsequently, the selected variables were used to develop a PLS-VIP model for simplifying the prediction model and finally chemical images was derived by applying the respective regression coefficient on the spectral image in a pixel-wise manner. The resulting chemical images provided detailed information on allicin, and soluble solid contents of Garlic cloves. Therefore, these research demonstrated that HIS technique has a potential for rapid and non-destructive evaluation of the allicin, and soluble solid contents of Garlic cloves.

Hyperspectral imaging for predicting the allicin and soluble solid content of garlic with variable selection algorithms and chemometric models

Rahman, Anisur,Faqeerzada, Mohammad A,Cho, Byoung‐,Kwan John Wiley Sons, Ltd 2018 Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture Vol.98 No.12

<P>CONCLUSION: The present study clearly demonstrates that hyperspectral imaging combined with an appropriate chemometrics method can potentially be employed as a fast, non-invasive method to predict the allicin and SSC in garlic. (C) 2018 Society of Chemical Industry</P>