Retinoic acid induces expression of Ig germ line α transcript, an IgA isotype switching indicative, through retinoic acid receptor

Mi-Hee Park,박석래,Mi-Ra Lee,Young-Ha Kim,Pyeung-Hyeun Kim 한국유전학회 2011 Genes & Genomics Vol.33 No.1

Retinoic acid (RA) is considered to possess an activity of IgA isotype switching. Thus far, TGF-β1 is known to be the most powerful IgA isotype switch factor. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the Ig germ line (GL) α transcriptional regulation by RA, we constructed three different sizes of mouse GLα promoter reporters; short-GLα(-130/+14), middle-GLα(-448/+72) and long-GLα(-3028/+72). Based on luciferase assay, RA increased the activity of all three GLα promoter reporters by approximately 2-fold and the effect was further enhanced by TGF-β1. Overexpression of Smad3/4 increased TGF-β1-induced GLα promoter activities but had no effect on RA-induced GLα promoter activities. In order to analyze the characteristics of the RA-inducible GLα promoter region,we also constructed two mutant reporters: Smad3 binding elements (SBEs)-substituted short-GLα (short-GLα mSBE)and Runx3 binding elements (RBEs)-substituted short-GLα(short-GLα mRBE) promoter reporters. Promoter activities of the two mutant reporters to RA were comparable to that of wild type reporter, while those of the two mutant reporters to TGF-β1 were markedly diminished as compared to that of WT short-GLα. Finally, RA-induced GLα transcription was virtually disappeared by LE540, an antagonist of RA receptor (RAR). Taken together, these results suggest that RA induces GLα transcription mainly through RAR pathway, where neither Smad3/4 nor Runx3 is involved.

류마티스관절염 환자의 인슐린 저항성 결정인자

이정욱 ( Joung Wook Lee ),박영은 ( Young Eun Park ),조미라 ( Mi Ra Cho ),백승훈 ( Seung Hoon Baek ),김근태 ( Geun Tae Kim ),이준희 ( Jun Hee Lee ),김성일 ( Sung Il Kim ) 대한류마티스학회 2009 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.16 No.2

Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with an increased cardiovascular events. These may be related to insulin resistance (IR). We evaluated status of IR and analyzed the relationship between IR and clinical and laboratory characteristics in patients with RA. Methods: We examined 52 RA patients (43 females) and 52 age and sex matched healthy controls. We measured Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) IR, calculated according to fasting serum glucose and insulin. Results: In patients, age was 50.8±10.2 years old, disease duration was 42.1±30.9 months. In controls, HOMA IR was 0.62±0.30 and in patients, it was 1.28±0.50. This difference was highly significant (p<0.001). Patients with early RA (disease duration is less than 36 months) were 28, and established RA (more than 36 months) were 24. HOMA IR was significantly higher in patients with established RA (1.42±0.45) than those with early RA (1.16±0.45) (p=0.03), and significantly correlated with disease duration (r=0.36, p=0.01), BMI (r=0.36, p<0.001), total cumulative prednisolon dose (r=0.34, p=0.01). Disease duration and BMI were independent predictors for HOMA IR (p<0.01, p=0.03). Conclusion: In patients with RA, IR measured by HOMA IR was more significantly increased than that of healthy control and significantly correlated with disease duration, BMI, and total cumulative prednisolon dose; however, the determinants of HOMA IR in RA patients were disease duration and BMI.

류마티스관절염과 만성 호산구성 폐렴에 동반된 호산구성 흉막삼출

지용관 ( Yong Gwan Jee ),라상호 ( Sang Ho Ra ),박유미 ( Yu Mi Park ),차재황 ( Jae Whang Cha ),강용석 ( Yong Seok Kang ),박정하 ( Jeong Ha Park ),강태영 ( Tae Young Kang ) 대한류마티스학회 2013 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.20 No.5

We describe a 48-year-old man with family history of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affected by chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP) with severe peripheral eosinophilia. CEP might develop as a complication of longstanding active RA. The patient with 5 months history of seropositive RA and chronic respiratory symptoms, alveolar and blood eosinophilia, peripheral pulmonary infiltrates and pleural effusion on chest imaging. The lung may be involved as an extraarticular manifestation of RA. However, CEP is not recognized as a typical lung manifestation of RA, and the two diseases rarely coexist. The effusion was an eosinophil predominant exudates and was characterized by low pH, and glucose level and high lactic dehydrogenase. The patient responded rapidly to combination of steroids and disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs.

토양수분의 강수 후 감소 패턴 예측에 관한 연구

박미라,황수진 부산대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 2000 科學敎育硏究報 Vol.27 No.-

In order to study the estimating pattern of soil water decrease which is important for numerical experiments to simulate the change of meterological component in surface boundary layer. I carried out linear regression analysis on soil water decrease versus day after precipitation. The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. When solar insolation is more than 15 MJ/m2/day, the formula of soil water decrease to the day after precipitation(t) 1cm, 4cm depth of soil layer are θ_w(t)=-0.23t^1/3+0.58, θ_w(t)=-0.145t^1/3+0.53 respectively. 2. When solar insolation is less than 13 MJ/m2/day, the formula of soil moisture decrease to the day after precipitation(t) are θ_w(t)=a t+b, where the constant a and b at 1cm depth were -0.0202~-0.082, 0.34~0.43 respectively and those at 4cm depth were -0.023~-0.0101, 0.49~0.36 respectively.

초등학교 6학년 아동의 흡연에 관한 연구

박미라,박인숙 충남대학교 간호과학연구소 2003 충남대 간호학술지 Vol.6 No.1

The purpose of this study was to make a comparative analysis of smoking knowledge, attitude and behavior among children in their six year in elementary school to serve as a basis for the development of successful smoking prevention education program. The subjects were 600 boy and girl students in the sixth grade randomly selected from five elementary schools in north Chungcheong province. Data were collected for six days from September 2 through 7, 2002. To assess subjects smoking knowledge and attitude, Choi Hye-yeoung (2000)'s modified version of WHO(1982)'s Guidelines for the content of tobacco smoking surveys of the general population was again altered by this researcher for use in this study. The collected data were analyzed with SAS program. The frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were calculated, and t-test Chi-square test, ANOVA, and Logistics regression procedures were employed. The brief findings of this study were as 1) Out of the 600 students investigated, 21.83 percent(131 students) had a smoking experience, and among these students, 1.83 percent(11) smoked at present. 2) The collective average in smoking knowledge was 13.04 out of 19 points. The smoking-experience group got a mean of 12.78, and the non-experienced group got a mean of 13.12. The latter group had a slightly better knowledge than the former, but the difference between the two was insignificant(p=0.416). 3) The collective average in smoking attitude was 34.45, out of 40 points. The non-experienced group got a mean of 35.41, and the experienced group got a mean of 30.77. The former group had a more desirable attitude than the latter, and the gap between the two groups was very significant(p=0.000). 4) The smoking knowledge was positively correlated to the smoking attitude(r=0.24, p=0.000). 5) As for connections between smoking knowledge and general characteristics, school grades(F =10.97, p=0.000), the sources of smoking information(F=3.00, p=0.000), father educational background(F=4.06, p=0.003) and gender(t =-2.31, p=0.21) made a significant difference to the smoking knowledge. 6) Concerning relations between smoking attitude and general characteristics, the smoking attitude was different according to gender (t = -4.53, po=0.000), school grades(F=7.96, p=0.000), smoking or non- smoking of siblings(F=5.86, p=0.000), presence or absence of smoking friends(F=3.07, p=0.003), family atmosphere(F=4.87, p=0.008), experience of going on errands to buy a pack of cigarettes(t = -2.50, p=0.012), father's smoking or nonsmoking(F=4.87, p=0.026), and parent marital status (F=2.40, p=0.049). 7) Regarding connections between smoking experience and general characteristics, their smoking experience was different according to gender(x2=21.38, p=0.000), presence or absence of smoking friends (x2=55.81, p=0.000), smoking or nonsmoking of siblings(x2 = 15.11, p=0.004), experience of going on errands to buy a pack of cigarette(x2=7.50, p=0.006), mother's smoking or nonsmoking(x2 = 13.34, p=0.009), female relative's smoking or nonsmoking(x2 = 11.39, p=0.022), and mother's job (x2=4.64, p=0.031). 8) The factors associated with the smoking experience were the number of smoking friends(Wald x2=29.62, p=0.000) and smoking attitude(Wald x2=42.54, p=0.000).

정맥주입 전문간호사가 삽입한 말초삽입형 중심정맥관(PICC) 사용 결과에 대한 후향적 분석

박정윤,박광옥,백미경,김세라,권혜리,양수진 대한기초간호자연과학회 2004 Journal of korean biological nursing science Vol.6 No.1

Background : Intravenous(Ⅳ) access is becoming an increasingly important part of health care today. The current drive for clinical effectiveness and cost-effective health care serves to increase the need for reliable vascular access. Venous access devices were developed to overcome problems associated with limited peripheral access and frequent venipuncture in patients with long-term therapy. Although the peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC) have become popular during recent years in USA, its procedure is rare in Korea. Purpose : The goal of this study was to analyze the PICC inserted patient data by Ⅳ CNS intervention. Method : A Total of 62 PICCs were inserted into 51 patients by the Ⅳ CNS during a 10-month period form November, 14, 2002, to October 2, 2W2. Data was obtained retrospectively through chart review. Result : The patient population included 34(54.8%) men and 28(45.2%) women, with a mean age 50.6 years. The main indication for PICC placement was to access vein in poor peripheral venous status(40.3%). The mean served interval for PICC insertions was 16.7 days(range, 2~61 days). The reasons for removal were completed therapy in 18 cases(29.0%), patient death in 13 cases(21.0%), and mechanical or functional PICC problem in 10cases(16.1%). The three PICCs removed for presumed infection, and one had only positive tip cultures(0.2%). Conclusion : PICCs are rapidly growing popularity and required an extended course of Ⅳ therapy.

중환자실 병원감염에 대한 다기관 공동 조사연구

박은숙,박미라,진혜영,김정은,최정실,송영구,최영화,이위교,홍성관,허애정,양동규,김준명 대한병원감염관리학회 2003 의료관련감염관리 Vol.8 No.1

『儀禮經傳通解』의 체제에 나타난 朱子의 禮學思想

박미라 서울대학교 종교문제연구소 1997 종교와 문화 Vol.0 No.3

「참 고령사회」과 대학의 역할

박성희 ; 한현용 ; 김미라 ; 조은정 동의대학교 인문과학연구소 2012 인간과 문화 연구 Vol.20 No.-

Current aging problem is going beyond an individual problem. When we say that old people have 4 difficulties; poverty, disease, loneliness and idleness, it is hard for a person to solve them or get out of them only with his/her own effort. If such an atmosphere spreads, it will become a factor leading the whole society to a negative direction. Aging problem is getting highlighted as a problem for all of us from such a point of view and every region and the government should also make efforts to solve the problem. Especially, the aging problem in the local society has become a problem which is going on and one to be urgently discussed, not a future problem or one belonging to someone else. So, local universities need to strengthen their function as the place of re-education. It is necessary to educate people to change negative point of view on the aging problem. That is, psychological and physical therapeutic function should be added, seeing old age as a completed period not as a declining one. Universities may contribute to increasing the quality of lives of all of the local residents, while seeking reconciliation between the generations of old ages and youngsters by expanding re-education, creating opportunities and providing places. Local universities will have a chance to increase their viability by securing opportunities to provide a different type of education along with that. In addition to this, it will give youngsters more opportunities to get a job with expansion of businesses related with that. Such virtuous cycle can improve the function of the local society and the quality of our lives. 오늘날 고령화 문제는 한 개인의 차원을 벗어나고 있다. 고령자의 4대 괴로움 즉, 빈곤 질병 고독 무위라고 볼 때, 이 점들은 한 개인의 노력으로 벗어나거나 해결하는 것은 쉽지 않다. 더욱이 이러한 분위기가 확대 된다면 사회전체를 부정적으로 이끄는 요인이 될 것이다. 이러한 점에서 고령화는 우리 모두의 문제로 부각되고 있는 것이고, 각 지역과 국가 도 해결을 위한 노력을 경주해야 한다. 특히 지역 사회의 고령자의 문제는 미래의 문제, 혹은 남의 것이 아니라 현재 진행형이며 시급한 과제로서 논의 되어야 하는 사안이 되었다. 이에 지역대학이 나서서 재교육의 장으로서의 기능을 강화할 필요가 있는데, 특히 고령에 대한 부정적인 관점에 대한 변화의 교육이 필요하다. 즉 노년기를 쇠퇴기로 볼 것이 아닌 생의 완성기로 보고 그에 따른 심리적 육체적 치료의 기능이 부가 되어야 할 것이다. 대학은 재교육의 확대와 기회 창출 및 장소의 제공을 통해 지역의 고령인구와 젊은이 사이의 세대 간의 화합을 도모하고 지역민 전체의 삶의 질을 높이는데 기여할 수 있을 것이다. 그와 더불어 지역대학은 또 다른 형태의 교육의 기회를 확보함으로써 자생력을 높이는 기회가 될 것이다. 더하여 젊은이들에게는 이와 관련된 업종의 확대로 인한 취업의 기회도 확대될 수 있을 것이다. 이러한 선 순환적 사이클은 지역사회의 기능을 향상시키고 우리 삶의 질을 높일 수 있다.

마우스에서 조합시험법에 의한 고려홍삼의 생식발생독성 평가

김미라, 박동선, 장자영, 신선희, 이예은, 백인정, 연정민, 이세라 , 남상섭, 황방연, 노재섭, 김순선, 조대현, 남상윤, 이범준, 김윤배, 윤영원 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2006 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.7 No.1

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