Lactobacillus (LA-1) and butyrate inhibits osteoarthrits through controling autophagy and inflammatory cell death in chondrocyte

Keun hyung Cho,Hyun-Sik Na,JooYeon Jhun,Jiyoung Kim,Seung Yoon Lee,Jeong soo Lee,In Gyu Um,Seok Jung Kim,Mi-La Cho 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease that reduces quality of life due to pain caused by persistent joint destruction. In addition, as a representative chronic disease, it causes inflammation and affects immunity, and it is one of the diseases that is difficult to cure, so treatment and improvement methods are urgently needed. In a previous study, we published that LA-1 improves osteoarthritis and has cartilage protection by controlling inflammation. However, it was not known how LA-1 improves osteoarthritis in the body. So in this study, it was confirmed that the administration of LA-1 to the MIA-induced OA rat model reduces the pain threshold, protects cartilage, and regulates inflammation markers in the articular synovium. Additionally, collecting and analyzing the feces of the disease model, it affected the gastrointestinal system and improved the environment of the microbiome. Interestingly, by providing LA-1, it was confirmed that the diversity and abundance of microbiome in the intestine were changed, and that the bacteria that produced SCFAs increased. In addition, daily supply of butyrate, one of the SCFAs produced by certain bacteria, triggers autophagy activation and tends to decrease necroptosis. This suggests that systemic immunity as well as OA is regulated according to changes in the intestinal microbial community, and that activation of autophagy can indirectly reduce abnormal cell death. In addition, assuming that osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disease, cell analysis was performed using splenocyte and blood assuming that the immune system is deteriorated. As a result, both splenocytes and PBMCs confirmed that regulatory T cells increased and Th17 cells decreased. In summary, providing LA-1 leads to increased production of SCFAs by altering the microbes in the intestine. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress the progression of OA and control pain due to OA, and improve an abnormal joint environment by controlling autophagy and necroptosis.

51Cr방출과 MTT 및 LD활성도를 이용한 역충전재의 세포독성에 관한 연구

최라영,임미경 大韓齒科保存學會 1994 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.19 No.2

대학생의 성의식 실태에 관한 연구

강미라,김두화,김성현 濟州大學校 學生生活硏究所 2005 學生生活硏究 Vol.26 No.-

This research was conducted to help college students better understand the culture on sex and provide basic data that can be usefully used for education on sex in the future by exploring college students: experience and perception on sex. 964 participated in this survey. 425 were female, and 539 male. Results of the survey are as follows. 1. Knowledge About Sex First, when asked about education on sex, 92.4% of respondents said they received education on sex, and its focus was primarily placed on venereal diseases and contraception. Female students received more of the education. While men learned more about sex, women were educated relatively more about abortion. Second, when questioned about the benefits of education on sex, over 40% of respondents responded neutrally to the benefits of education on sex, which means that they believe the education helps little. Third, in terms of knowledge about sex, participants know best about pregnancy. On the other hand, they have least knowledge about venereal diseases. By sex, male participants answered they know better in five categories than their counterparts. Female respondents received more education, but female participants had more knowledge, so more detailed research are necessary to explore how accurate their knowledge is. Fourth, in most cases, they get knowledge from school (29.2%), and friends or older students (19.0%). Concerns are raised about the quality of information acquired from friends or older students. Fifth, a majority of participants (54.9%) get knowledge about sex while in middle school. some of them (26.8%) while in elementary school. It is partly because children mature earlier than before, and they are exposed to a variety of media, increasing chances of getting misleading information on sex. 2. Opinions on Marriage First, when asked about marriage, over 30% of participants said that they 'like living alone if possible' or 'it depends.' By sex, while males have positive opinions on marriage, females reserve their comments. Second, in terms of having sex before marriage, 70% supported it. By sex, 30.3% of female respondents said having sex before marriage is not right, and only 18% of male participants said it is not right. It can be referred that females are more conservative. Third, when asked about living together without getting married, only 4.7% of participants had negative opinions. Most participants said it is acceptable. By sex, males were more tolerant than their counterparts. Fourth, in terms of virginity, 70% are open. Males are more open than females. Fifth, when asked about how they react if their mates raise questions of virginity, 54.2% of male respondents said they will confess and ask forgiveness. On the other hand, 21.3% of female participants said they will break up, and 35.1% had other choices. The fact shows that women tend not to face the problem, and act passively. Sixth, when questioned about how they would respond if they know their mates are not virgin, more than half of male respondents said it does not matter. More males said it does not matter than females, and at the same time, male respondents who said they will break up outnumbered their counterparts. This shows that male participants have both open and conservative attitudes towards virginity. Seventh, when asked whether their mates can meet friends with the opposite sex after marriage, 8.3% said 'no,' and 91.7% said 'yes.' Most student are tolerant about mates can meet friends with the opposite sex after marriage. By sex, men were more cautious than women. Eighth, 70% of respondents shows negative opinions about extramarital sex. 3. Dating First, in terms of sexual experience, 70% of respondents said they had no experience. By sex, men had more sexual experience than women. Second, most of the respondents who have sexual experience tend to make an emotional decision. By sex, men are more impulsive than women. Third, the longer relationship continues, the higher chances of having sex there are. By sex, in terms of women, chances of having sex increase as relationship continues longer. On the other hand, men are more impulsive. Fourth, when it comes to psychological status when having sex, both sexes are relatively satisfied. Fifth, 53.7% tend to continue their relationship after having sex. Sixth, both sexes are satisfied after having sex, however women are particularly worried about pregnancy. 4. Sex-related Problems First, 46.4% of respondents said they currently have no sex-related worries, and 22.7% have problems related to the opposite sex. Men are worried about impulsiveness, and women are worried about a physiological phenomenon. Second, when it comes to solutions, 46.9% said they consult with their friends. Only 0.7% said they meet with their teacher. Apart from discussing it with their friends, women opt for relationship-oriented solutions, consulting with their parents. On the other hand, men prefer object-oriented solutions, gathering information through friends, books, and the Internet. Based on these results, suggested advice is as follows: First, college students have received education on sexual morality since middle school, and they collect information primarily from their friends or older students. But most of them are dissatisfied with the benefits of the education. By sex, women received more education, but they have less knowledge than men. Therefore, it is necessary to review how effective education on sexual morality conducted in school is. Second, more than half of students have positive opinions on marriage, and they are open about having sex or living together before marriage, and meeting friends with the opposite sex. In the past, the marriage system itself was considered important, but in modern society, love tends to be put before marriage. Therefore, It is necessary to develop a variety of educational and cultural events to bring about desirable sex morality. Third, most of respondents are having a date, but not many of them have sex experience. respondents who have sex experience tend to make an impulsive decision without thinking carefully, continuing their relationship longer. Therefore, there should be some opportunities to help them make a desirable decision on sex.

Lorazepam과 Diphenhydramine 의 추제외로증후군에 대한 효과비교

서미라,최보문,백인호 大韓神經精神醫學會 1986 신경정신의학 Vol.25 No.1

In this study, a comparative evaluation on clinical efficacy between intravenous lorazepam and diphenhydramine for extrapyramidal symptoms occurring on neuroleptic therapy was made. Subjects were consisted of 42 cases including 8 males and 34 females. They were under double-blind procedure, given single injections of 4 miligrams of lorazepam(21 cases) and 50 miligrams of diphenhydramine(21 cases) seperately. The effects were evaluated by Extrapyramidal Symptoms(EPS) Rating Scale for extrapyramidal Symptoms as well as by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale(BPRS) for psychotic symptoms and signs. The results were as follows: 1)Most of extrapyramidal symptoms including parkinsonian symptoms, akathisia and dystonia were noted to be significantly improved 60 minutes after injection on EPS Rating Scale scores. 2)BPRS evaluation 60 minutes after injection resulted in significant reduction of the total mean scores in both groups, although no significant difference can be made in terms of efficacy between the group when the two groups were compared. 3)Clinically it can be suggested that the sedative effect of diphenhydramine was less than that of lorazepam. The above mentioned results suggest that lorazepam and diphenhydramine may well be the drugs of choice for the treatment of extrapyramidal symptoms occurring on the neuroleptic therapy.

암 환자의 통증과 통증완화에 대한 간호사의 지식에 관한 연구

양미라,최길순,정영 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2006 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.31 No.1

Objectives: This study is a descriptive research designed to provide basic materials for developing clinical nurses' ability to make more active observation and correct report of cancer patients' pain for advanced pain palliation by examining their knowledge of cancer patient's pain and pain-palliation. Method: Data were collected from 247 clinical nurses serving for the Veterans general hospital in Gwangju and Daegu City from Sep. 1 to 15, 2005. Results: 1. Average rate of correct answer on pain was 79.88% and that of knowledge on pain-palliation was 56.80%. 2. Difference in knowledge of pain-palliation by general characteristics showed statistically significant difference in clinical nursing experience of cancer patients (t=1.978, p=.049) and type of degree (F=5.380, p=.005) 3. As a result of comparing knowledge of pain depending on presence and absence of experiences of pain-palliation education, scores of group without having pain education (t=-3.130, P=.002) were higher and statistically significant. 4. As a result of comparing knowledge of pain-palliation depending on presence and absence of experience of pain-palliation education, scores of group having pain education (t=2.049, p=.042) were higher and statistically significant, Conclusion: Accordingly, this study finds out that educational contents of cancer patients' pain showed no difference in knowledge level between the groups with and without education and thus a new program which has new content and new approach for education on pain and pain- palliation knowledge in cancer patients is needed.

미취학 아동에 있어 신체발달, 손목 골밀도 및 영양섭취와의 상관성

명금희,나현주,최미경,김애정 동아시아식생활학회 2004 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.14 No.2

This study was conducted to examine the correlation among growth development, bone mineral density, and nutrient intakes in preschool children. A total of 62 preschool children measured the anthropometric characteristics and the bone mineral density of carpus using DEXA. The questionnaires categorized to determine health status, life style, dietary behaviors, and dietary intakes were filled out by children's mothers. The average ages of the study subjects were 62.4 months in boys and 62.1 months in girls. The birth height and weight of the subjects were 50.9 ㎝ and 3.4 ㎏ in boys and 50.3 ㎝ and 3.3 ㎏ in girls, respectively. The average height, weight, % body fat, and obesity index were 111.7 ㎝, 19.6 kg, 15.0%, -2.1% in boys and 109.4 ㎝, 18.7 ㎏, 17.5%, 0.2% in girls, respectively. The bone mineral density in carpus was 0.25 g/㎠ in boys and 0.24 g/㎠ in girls. Proportions of children having regular meals were 69.0%, 94.7% and 69.0% for breakfast, lunch, and dinner, respectively. The major reasons for irregular meal were poor appetite and lack of time for breakfast and snacks for dinner. Most of the children(52.6%) had breakfast with the whole family together, and all the children had lunch and dinner with a part of the family. Most of the children answered they had snack more than once a day, and 64.3% had an unbalanced diet. The intakes of energy, calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin B₁, niacin, and vitamin C did not meet the Korean RDAs. The intakes of energy, calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin B₁, niacin, and vitamin C did not meet the Korean RDAs. Average bone mineral density in carpus was positively correlated to the body weight, the total body water, the lean body mass, and obesity index, respectively(p<0.01, p<0.01, p<0.01 and p<0.01). The body weight, the total body water, and the lean body mass showed the significant negative correlation with the animal iron intake(p<0.05, p<0.01 and p<0.01). The bone mineral density the distal carpus was negatively correlated to the animal protein intake and the animal iron intake(p<0.05 and p<0.05). And the bone mineral density in the ultradis carpus and the average bone mineral density in the carpus were positively correlated to the plant calcium intake(p<0.05 and p<0.05). Therefore, more systematic studies to investigate the roles of protein, iron, and calcium in growth development of preschool children were required.

아동간호에서 보호자와 간호원이 지각하는 역활범위에 관한 연구

정원향,이미라 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1983 中央醫大誌 Vol.8 No.2

The purpose of this study was to find the extent of role perceived by the nurses and the child care. Subjects were 170 patient's family members of five hospitals and 180 nurses, who worked in two hospitals in Seoul. A questionnaire was made for this study on the basis of the review of literatures concerned and the advices of 4 professors majoring child nursing and fundamental nursing. It consisted of questions about the personal background of subjects and 55 nursing procedures which was believed to be done in the pediatric ward. Subjects were asked to check to check the extent of role, which was classified into 5 categories-nurses's role, mostly nurse's role partly family members' role, not distinct, mostly family members' role partly nurse's role, family members' role. To compare the extent of role perceived by nurses and family members', each category was given points by means of Likert scale. Obtained data were computerized by SAS system and statistically analyzed by t-test & F-test. 1. Nurses perceived most of nursing procedures as their unique role and they thought they should take parts in the delegated procedures, even when some of the nursing procedures were delegated to the ill-child's family members. 2. The ill child's faimly members perceived those nursing procedures such as check of pulse and respiration, suctioning, gavage feeding, observation of the ill-children receiving blood transfusion and humidification as the nurses' unique role, but the rest as role which they could do. 3. There were no significant relationship between the several nurse's personal backgrounds and the extent of role perceived by them. 4. The ill child's family members were perceiving the nursing procedures to satisfy the need of affiliation more and more as the nurses' role with the years(F=4.49, p<0.05), and in case the ill child was female(T=2.16, p<0.05). They were perceiving the nursing procedures to satisfy the physical need more and more as the nurses' role as their educational level was lowering (F=3.37, p<0.05). There were no significant relationship between the other personal backgrounds of the ill child's family members and the extent of role perceived them. 5. There were significant differences between the extent of role perceived by the nurses and the one by the ill-child's family members(T=29.35, p<0.001).

RAPD 표지자 분석에 의한 가시아메바속 한국분리주의 유전적 지위

홍용표,오승환,라미숙,임경일 INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL MEDICINE YONSEI UNIVERSITY 1995 YONSEI REPORTS ON TROPICAL MEDICINE Vol.26 No.1

가시아메바 속(Acanthamoeba spp.)의 DNA 염기 구성 정보와 관계없이 임의의 10개의 염기로 구성된 프라이머를 사용하여 random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction(RAPD-PCR)에 의해 게놈 상의 DNA를 무작위로 증폭하여 확인된 표지자로써 한국 분리주 및 외국 분리주와 기존의 알려진 4개 가시아메바 종간의 유전적 근연관계 분석을 통해서 4개 한국분리주의 분류상의 성상을 규명하였다. 본 연구에서 A. culbertsoni, A. hatchetti, A. triangularis, A. polyphaga와 한국 분리주인 YM-2, YM-3, YM-4, YM-5, 그리고 외국 분리주인 HOV의 게놈 DNA는 18종류의 프라이머에 의하여 다양한 양상의 증폭산물을 보였으며, 그 중 9개 프라이머는 한국 분리주간에도 특이성을 보이는 RAPD 표지자를 제공하였다. 총 18개의 프라이머에 대한 증폭산물을 대상으로 각 시료의 유사도를 조사한 결과, A. culbertsoni는 A. hatchetti, A. triangularis, A. polyphaga와 유사도가 각각 0.300, 0.308, 0.313이었고, A. hatchetti와 A. triangularis간의 유사도는 0.838이었다. 한국 분리주 YM-2, -3, -4간의 평균 유사도는 0.959이었고, YM-2, -3, -4와 A. hatchetti, A. triangularis간의 평균 유사도는 0.832이었다. 한국 분리주 YM-5는 YM-2, -3, -4 간의 비교에서 평균 0.237의 유사도를 보인 반면, A. culbertsoni와 유사도 0.857을 보여, 다른 한국 분리주보다 A. culbertsoni와 유전적으로 유사함을 알 수 있었다. UPGMA법에 의한 유전적 근연관계 분석 결과 phenogram 상에 두개의 분지군이 존재하는데, A. hatchetti, A. triangularis 및 3개 한국 분리주 (YM-2, -3, -4)가 하나의 분지군을, A. culbertsoni, A. polyphaga, HOV주, 및 YM-5가 다른 분지군을 형성하는 것으로 나타났다. 게놈 DNA 상의 변이에 근거하여 볼 때, YM-5 주는 유전적으로 A. culbertsoni와 거의 유사한 분리주이며 한국 분리주는 최소 2종 이상의 가시아메바로 분류할 수 있다고 사료된다. Genetic status of Acanthamoeba spp. were tested on the basis of random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) marker analysis. Four previously established Acanthamoeba species. 4 Korean isolates of Acanthamoeba sp.. and one American isolate of Acanthamoeba sp. were analyzed by RAPD-PCR using an arbitrary decamer primers. Amplification products were fractionated by agarose gel electrophoresis and stained by ethidium bromide. Eighteen primers producted DNA amplification profiles revealing clear differences among 4 species. Nie of them also produced DNA amplification profiles which included some isolate-specific amplification products. On the basis of amplified fragments by 18 primers, the pairwise similarity indices between A. culbertsoni and other species (i.e., A. hatchetti, A. triangularis, A. polyphaga) were 0.300, 0.308, and 0.313, respectively. Similarity index between A. hatchetti and A. triangularis was 0.833. The mean similarity index among the 3 Korean isolates (YM-2,-3,-4) was 0.959 and 0.832 among them and 2 other species (A. hatchetti and A. triangularis). The mean similarity index among YM-5 and other Korean isolates (YM-2,-3,-4) was 0.237. However, the similarity index between YM-5 and A. culbertsoni was 0.857, which suggests that YM-5 is genetically more similar to A. culbertsoni than other Korean isolates. Phenogram reconstructed by UPGMA method revealed that there are two groups: one group consists of A. hatchetti, A. triangularis, and 3 Korean isolates (YM-2,-3,-4), and the other group consists of A. culbertsoni, A. polyphaga, HOV, and YM-5.

연쇄상구균의 약제내성과 전이성 R-plasmid의 특성

김종훈,임대환,이창훈,이수정,이월라,황미혜,김은희 한국어병학회 2003 한국어병학회지 Vol.16 No.1

본 연구는 넙치 병어에서 분리된 연쇄상구균들의 항균제 내성 경향을 파악하고, 약제내성의 전이에 관여하는 R plasmid를 검출하여, 분리 균들 내에서 이들 plasmid의 분포를 알아보기 위하여 실시하였다. 넙치 병어에서 분리된 연쇄상구균 40 균주의 대부분은 ampicillin, doxycycilne (DOXY), erythromycin, florfenicol, flumequine, norfloxacin, osolinic acid, oxytetracycline (OTC)의 2~5약제에 동시내성을 나타내었다. 이들 내성균으로부터 내성 전이에 관여하는 R plasmid (pST9)가 검출되었으며, OTC와 DOXY내성이 R plasmid에 의하여 수용균인 Streptococcus sp.로 전이가 이루어졌다. 전이성 R plasmid의 분포를 알아보기 위하여 colony 혼성화 반응을 실시한 결과, 40 분리 균주 중 6 균주에 동일한 DNA 구조의 R plasmid가 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러므로 이들과 DNA 구조가 다른 R plasmid도 넙치병어에서 분리되는 연쇄상구균의 약제내성에 관여하고 있음을 시사하였다. MICs of 8 chemotherapeutic agents against forty streptococcal isolates were determined. These strains were isolated from diseased olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, and showed 2~5 multiple drug resistance against different antibacterial agents including ampicillin, doxycycline (DOXY), erythromycin, florfenicol, flumequine, norfloxacin, oxolinic acid, and oxytetracycilne (OTC). In conjugation experiment, we found transferable R plasmids carrying OTC and DOXY resistance determinant in 3 drug resistance strains analyzed. Six out of 40 isolates showed positive signal in colony hybridization with the R plasmid DNA (pST9) as a probe. It suggests that other types R plasmid different from pST9 is also involving in multiple drug resistance of streptococci isolated from olive flounder.

장기간 보관한 멸균물품의 오염 상태에 관한 연구

주홍순,조순덕,정재심,신동분,임바올라,노은지,이선희,송영미,최정화,백병윤,김미나 대한병원감염관리학회 2003 의료관련감염관리 Vol.8 No.1