백서 심근경색모델에서 시간경과와 경색의 크기에 따른 심자도의 변화

김미성(Mi Sung Kim),박영선(Young Sun Park),권순길(Sun Gil Kwon),지정훈(Jeong Hoon Ji),신종성(Jong Sung Shin),오광식(Kwang Sik Oh),양용모(Yong Mo Yang),연태진(Tae Jin Youn),김동운(Dong Woon Kim),조명찬(Myeong Chan Cho),이용호(Yong Ho 대한내과학회 2002 대한내과학회지 Vol.62 No.1

N/A Background: Magnetocardiogram (MCG), which records the changes of magnetic fields generated by the heart`s electrical activity, theoritically can provide unique data for clinical application. To date, MCG has been investigated only at a single time point after myocardial infarction (MI) with severe left ventricular dysfunction in rats. The purpose of the present study was to investigate sequential changes of MCG after MI and to evaluate effects of infarct size on MCG. Methods: Acute MI were induced by the permanent ligation of left coronary artery in 22 rats. Magnetic fields were recorded just above a rat with Nb Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) gradiometer inside a magnetically shielded room. MCG was measured before and immediately after surgery and it was subsequently recorded at the time points of 1, 4 and 6 hours post operatively. MCG was also measured at 1, 3, 7 and 21 days after surgery. Results: Elevation of ST segment and appearance of pathological Q wave on the MCG were evident immediately after the ligation of coronary artery and persisted to 6 hours after MI. On MCG, ST segment was depressed and T wave was inverted from 1 day after MI. In rats with small-and moderate- sized MI (infarct size〈30%), ST depression returned to near the isoelectric level and Q wave disappeared from 7 days after MI. However, ST depression and Q wave were still present in rats with larger infarct (infarct size≥30%). Conclusion: Evolutional changes of MCG were well-recognized up to 21 days after MI. Furthermore, the infarct size can be expressed by the extent of Q wave and ST segment depression on MCG. Taken together, these data indicate that MCG is a helpful modality for the diagnosis, evaluation of infarct size and follow up after MI.(Korean J Med 62:42-48, 2002)

심근경색의 위험인자로서 Thrombomodulin유전자변이의 의의

박현영,김영미,권혁문,지선하,조승연,정남식,심원흠,장양수 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.6

Could cluster of risk factors predict clinical outcome in patients with acute myocardial infarction?

( Sang Mi Park ),( Hong Nyun Kim ),( Se Yong Jang ),( Myung Hwan Bae ),( Dong Heon Yang ),( Hun Sik Park ),( Yongkeun Cho ),( Shung Chull Chae ),( Jang Hoon Lee ) 대한내과학회 2015 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1

Purpose: Conventional risk factors are differently contributed to short-term prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI); hypertension and diabetes increase adverse outcome, whereas hyperlipidemia, smoking, and obesity paradoxically decrease adverse outcome of post-MI patients. The aim of this study is to assess whether cluster of conventional risk factors, PARADOCS (Pressure of ARtery Abnormality, Diabetes, Obesity, Cholesterol, Smoking) score, would improve the ability to predict major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in patients with AMI. Methods: Between November 2005 and July 2011, 24,020 patients (17,232 men; mean age=63.0±12.8) with AMI were analyzed from Korean AMI registry. PARADOCS score was calculated as follows; [number of non-paradoxical risk factors (NRF) -number of paradoxical risk factors (PRF)]+3 in which non-paradoxical risk factors are hypertension and diabetes, and paradoxical risk factors are the rest. The 1-year MACEs were defined as death and non-fatal MI. Results: NRF including hypertension and diabetes were present in 49.6% and 27.0%, whereas PRF including hyperlipidemia, smoking, and obesity were present in 12.3%, 43.0%, and 34.6%, respectively. During the follow-up, 1,409 (5.9%) MACEs occurred. PARADOCS score was significantly higher in patients with 1-year MACEs (3.38±1.03 versus 2.81±1.08, p<0.001). In Cox proportional hazards model, PARADOCS score was an independent predictor of 1-year MACEs (hazards ratio 1.26, 95% confidence interval 1.18-1.34; p<0.001) after adjusting for confounding variables. Patients were categorized into 3 groups according to the PARADOCS score; PARADOCSLOW (0-1, n=2,446), PARADOCSMID (2-3, n=14,594), and PARADOCSHIGH (4-5, n= 6,980). Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that there were significant differences in the 1-year MACEs among three groups including 3.5% in PARADOCSLOW, 8.5% in PARADOCSMID, and 16.4% in PARADOCSHIGH, respectively (long-rank p<0.001). Conclusions: In post-MI patients, conventional risk factors are differently associated with short-term prognosis, and score of these risk factors, PARADOCS score, can provide useful prognostic information to clinicians.

한의학(韓醫學)의 좌우리론(左右理論)에 관(關)한 고찰(考察)

박승미 ( Seung Mi Park ),박히준 ( Hi Joon Park ),이향숙 ( Hyang Sook Lee ),손양선 ( Yang Sun Son ),임사비나 ( Sabina Lim ),이혜정 ( Hye Jung Lee ) 대한경락경혈학회 2001 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.18 No.1

We could summerize the concept of the right and left mentioned in Nai-Gyung and some literature of oriental medicine as follow At first the right and left is a directional right and left which implys left-liver-right-lung(左肝右肺), left-yang-right-eum(左陽右陰), secondly it is also the road of eumyang which implys man-left-woman-right (男左女右), left-blood-right-ki(左血右氣), left-sinsu-right-myungmon(左腎水右命門), and left-right of pulse. left-liver-right-lung(左肝右肺), left-yang-right-eum(左陽右陰) and man-left-woman-right(男左女右) are expressions of the movement of yang which is a core of chang, at the same time, left-blood-right-ki(左血右氣), left-sinsu-right-myungmon(左腎水右命門), and left-right of pulse are expressions of the eum in response to the movement of yang. (go up and down of water and fire) Finally, both a directional right and left and a road of eumyang mean a road of going up and down of eumyang so, this is very important index in circulation and keeping ballance of eumyang (ki-Hyul: 氣血) in the human body therefore, we can treat a disease with acupuncture in the use of this charater, for example when a disease occurs in the left side, we can treat it with acupuncture in the right side, the same applys to right.

한의학(韓醫學)의 좌우이론(左右理論)에 관(關)한 고찰(考察)

박승미,박히준,이향숙,손양선,임사비나,이혜정,Park Seung-Mi,Park Hi-Joon,Lee Hyang-Sook,Son Yang-Sun,Lim Sa-Bi-Na,Lee Hye-Jung 경락경혈학회 2001 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.18 No.1

We could summerize the concept of the right and left mentioned in Nai-Gyung and some literature of oriental medicine as follow At first the right and left is a directional right and left which implys left-liver-right-lung(左肝右肺), left-yang-right-eum(左陽右陰), secondly it is also the road of eumyang which implys man-left-woman-right(男左女右), left-blood-right-ki(左血右氣), left-sinsu-right-myungmon(左腎水右命門), and left-right of pulse. left-liver-right-lung(左肝右肺), left-yang-right-eum(左陽右陰) and man-left-woman-right(男左女右) are expressions of the movement of yang which is a core of chang, at the same time, left-blood-right-ki(左血右氣), left-sinsu-right-myungmon(左腎水右命門), and left-right of pulse are expressions of the eum in response to the movement of yang. (go up and down of water and fire) Finally, both a directional right and left and a road of eumyang mean a road of going up and down of eumyang so, this is very important index in circulation and keeping ballance of eumyang (ki-Hyul:氣血) in the human body therefore, we can treat a disease with acupuncture in the use of this charater, for example when a disease occurs in the left side, we can treat it with acupuncture in the right side, the same applys to right.

A study on health and hygiene needs, strategies, and well‐being of an Aeta indigenous community in the Philippines through photovoice methods

Yang Eun‐Mi,Kim Jwakyum,Biag Al,Mangulabnan Jefferson,Dela Cruz Arlan,Sarmiento Philip Joseph 한국사회복지학회 2020 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.14 No.3

On a global scale, poor access to health and social welfare services for indigenous populations has threatened their overall well-being, especially those living in remote or peripheral areas. Academics from two higher education institutions in South Korea and the Philippines conducted a community-based research in an indigenous Aeta community in the highlands of Pampanga Province in the Philippines’ Central Luzon region. Using a photovoice method and community survey, they investigated family health and hygiene as well as the current strategies this indigenous community employs to address their concerns. Results revealed that the community lacks the basic human needs and services such as water, food, shelter, education, and health service. They demonstrated, however, resilience in managing their lives by making use of the available natural resources and by drawing strength from community spirit. This study provided insights on how higher education institutions and other concerned agencies craft initiatives intended to benefit vulnerable populations and underserved communities such as the indigenous peoples.

Effects of epigallocatechin gallate on CoCl_(2)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells

Yang, Kyu-Ho,Mo, Hyun-Chul,Choi, Nam-Ki,Kim, Seon-Mi,Kim,Won-Jae 大韓小兒齒科學會 2006 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.33 No.1

Neuronal apoptotic events, consequently resulting in neuronal cell death, are occurred in hypoxic/ischemic condition. This cell death has been shown to be accompanied with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can attack cellular components such as nucleic acids, proteins and phospholipid. However, the underlying mechanisms of apoptosis induced in hypoxic/ischemic condition and its treatment methods are unsettled. Cobalt chloride (CoCl_(2)) has been known to mimic hypoxic condition including the production of ROS. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). a green tea polyphenol, has diverse pharmacologial activities in cell growth and death. This study was aimed to investigate the apoptotic mechanism by CoCl_(2) and effects of EGCG on CoCl_(2)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. Administration of CoCl_(2) decreased cell survival in dose- and time-dependent manners and induced genomic DNA fragmentation. Treatment with 100 µM EGCG for 30 min before PC12 cells were exposed to 150 µM CoCl_(2), being resulted in the cell viability and DNA fragmentation being rescued. CoCl_(2) caused morphologic changes such as cell swelling and condensed nuclei, whereas EGCG attenuated morphologic changes by CoCl_(2). EGCG suppressed the apoptotic peak and a loss of Δψ_(m) induced by CoCl_(2). CoCl_(2) decreased Bcl-2 expression but Bax expression was not changed in CoCl_(2)-treated cells. EGCG attenuated the Bcl-2 underexpression by CoCl_(2). CoCl_(2) augumented the cytochrome c release from mitochondria into cytoplasm and increased caspase-8, -9 and caspase-3 activity, a marker of the apoptotic executing stage. EGCG ameliorated the incruement in caspase-8, -9 and -3 activity, and cytochrome c release by CoCl_(2). NAC (N-acetyl-cysteine), a scavenger of ROS, attenuated CoCl_(2)-induced apoptosis in consistent with those of EGCG. These results suggest, that CoCl_(2) induces apoptotic cell death through both mitochondria- and death receptor-dependent pathway and EGCG has neuroprotective effects against CoCl_(2)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. 신경세포자멸사는 저산소 및 허혈환경에서 일어나며 이러한 세포죽은 reactive oxidant species (ROS) 생성을 동반함이 알려져있다. 그러나, 저산소 및 허혈환경에서 일어나는 세포자멸사의 기전 및 그 치료방법은 아직 정립되어 있지 않다. CoCl_(2)는 ROS를 생성하는 등 저산소환경과 유사한 조건을 초래하는 것으로 알려져 있다. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)는 녹차의 polyphenol 성분으로서 세포성장과 죽음에 다양한 약리학적 효과를 나타냄이 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 PC12 세포에서 CoCl_(2)에 의한 세포자멸사기전을 밝히고 이에 미치는 EGCG의 효과를 조사하는데 목적이 있다. Cell viability는 MTT 측정으로 조사되었고, DNA fragmentation은 DNA laddering으로 조사되었다. Bcl-2와 Bax발현 정도는 RT-PCR로, caspase-3와 -9의 활성은 spectrophotometer, caspase-8의 활성은 flow cytometry에 의해 측정되었다. 미토콘드리아에서 세포질로 분비된 cytochrome c는 western blot으로, 분해된 DNA 양과 미토콘드리아 세포막전위 (Δψ_(m))는 FACScan으로 조사되었다. CoCl_(2)투여로 PC12 세포수는 용량 및 시간 의존형태로 감소하였고, genomic DNA fragmentation이 발생하였다. CoCl_(2)투여로 야기된 cell viability의 감소와 DNA fragmentation은 EGCG 전처치에 의해 억제되었다. CoCl_(2)은 세포용적팽창과 condensed nuclei 같은 형태적 변화를 일으켰으며, apoptotic peak, Δψ_(m)감소 및 cytochrome c 유리를 야기하였다. EGCG는 CoCl_(2)에 의한 세포형태변화, apoptotic peak, Δψ_(m)소실 및 cytochrome c 유리를 억제시켰다. CoCl_(2)는 Bcl-2 발현을 감소시켰지만, Bax 발현에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. EGCG는 CoCl_(2)에 의해 야기된 Bcl-2 발현 감소를 억제시켰다. CoCl_(2)는 caspase-3, -8, 그리고 -9의 활성을 증가시켰으며, EGCG는 CoCl_(2)에 의한 세포자멸사를 억제시켰다. 본 실험결과는 PC12 세포에서 CoCl_(2)가 미토콘드리아 의존 및 death receptor의존 기전으로 세포자멸사를 일으키며, EGCG는 세포자멸사기전을 억세지킴으로 신경보호기능을 가짐을 시사하였다.

Overexpression of Zoysia ZjCIGR1 gene confers cold stress resistance to zoysiagrass

Yang‑Ji Kim,Dae‑Hwa Yang,Mi‑Young Park,Hyeon‑Jin Sun,Pill‑Soon Song,Hong‑Gyu Kang,Seok‑Cheol Suh,Yong‑Eok Lee,이효연 한국식물생명공학회 2020 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.14 No.1

Zoysia japonica Steud. is a warm-season lawn grass popular in Korea and elsewhere. They are cultivated in many places such as river banks, roadside, and play grounds. However, there still is a disadvantage of frequent mowing, and the grass grows poorly under the chilly conditions. To develop a grass variety that circumvents these drawbacks, we cloned the chitininducible gibberellins-responsive1 gene (CIGR1) from zoysiagrass. The full length of the ZjCIGR1 (Zj; Zoysia japonica Steud.) gene was obtained by 5′/3′ RACE PCR and the phylogenetic tree showed that it belonged to the CIGR1-subgroup in the PAT1-group of GRAS protein family. Expression of the ZjCIGR1 in wild-type plants was confirmed in roots, meristems, leaves, and flowers, especially high in the flowers. The transgenic zoysiagrass was confirmed by PCR using gene-specific primers, phosphinothricin-acetyl-transferase (PAT) strip test, and Southern blot analysis. ZjCIGR1-overexpressing plants acquired tolerance to cold stress displaying morphological phenotypes characteristic of stress resistance. In addition, in the transformants, expression of the ZjCIGR1 as well as cold-regulated (COR) gene was increased compared to the wild-type plants under cold stress condition. These results suggest that ZjCIGR1 gene is an important candidate for regulating cold stress resistance.

신규간호사와 프리셉터가 인지하는 프리셉터의 교수효율성 비교

김지양,김영선,김춘실,박현숙,신미영,윤연숙,조유숙,박미미,유문숙 한국간호과학회 간호행정학회 2009 간호행정학회지 Vol.15 No.2

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare preceptors and new graduate nurses on their perception of preceptor teaching effectiveness. Methods: The participants were 90 new nurses and 90 preceptors who worked in A medical center. The data were collected from July 1 to September 30, 2008. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was done using a structured questionnaire. Results: New nurses' perception (4.07±.44) of the preceptor teaching effectiveness was significantly higher than perception of the preceptors (3.57±.37). Fifty five percent of new graduate nurses reported a lack of coherence in the preceptor's practice guidelines. For 5 causal factors classified on the teaching effectiveness, the factor of 'Professional knowledge and ability' showed the highest score, but 'Interpersonal and communication skill' got lowest score for both group. Preceptors responded that they did not have enough time to teach well because of their heavy workloads. Conclusions: These results suggest that the preceptors need appropriate compensation and education opportunities, and new graduate nurses need consistent education by the teaching professionals. Therefore, it is important to give preceptors full charge of the preceptorship. Also, it will be necessary to develop education programs to enhance interpersonal and communication skill for preceptors and new nurses.

한,중,일 전통극 복식의 미적특성 비교

양정원(Joung Won Yang),이미숙(Mi Suk Lee) 한국디자인문화학회 2011 한국디자인문화학회지 Vol.17 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 비교문화적인 관점에서 중국의 경극과 일본의 가부키와 함께 한국의 가면극 복식에 초점을 맞추어 삼국의 전통공연복식의 외적 조형성과 복식에 내재된 가치를 종합적으로 분석함으로써 전통공연복식의 공통점과 차이점을 통해서 우리공연문화의 정체성을 확립하는데 있다. 연구 방법은 선행연구 및 관련 서적을 중심으로 한·중·일 전통극의 발전과 특징을 살펴본 후, 양유미, 이미숙에 의해서 연구된 한·중·일 삼국 전통극 복식의 미적특성을 토대로 삼국 전통극의 복식에 나타난 조형적 특성과 내재적 특성의 공통점과 차이점을 비교 분석하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 한·중·일 전통극 복식의 조형성의 공통점은 카프탄의 비구축적인 형식, 중첩착장에 의한 부피감의 연출 등이다. 둘째, 조형적 특성의 차이점은 가면극은 H형 뿐 만아니라 A형의 실루엣도 나타났던 반면에 경극과 가부키는 복식의 형태는 전반적으로 H형 실루엣이었다. 착용방식에서는 삼국 모두 겹쳐 입는 방식을 취하지만 가부키의 중첩착용은 표의류를 여러 벌 중복 착용하여 습색의 미를 연출한다는 점에서 가면극, 경극의 경우와 차이를 보였다. 가면극 및 가부키 복식은 거의 대부분이 직령 우임으로 착장시 깃의 비대칭적 균형을 보이는데 반해 경극은 비대칭의 깃의 형태가 두드러지게 나타났다. 복색의 경우 가면극은 흑백의 대비배색, 소색(素色), 원색 사용이 많은 반면에 경극과 가부키 복색은 다양한 문양과 조우하여 다양한색 배색의 색채미가 돋보였다. 또한 가면극 복식이 무지(無地)가 지배적으로 사용되었던 반면에 경극, 가부키 복식은 옷의 전면에 다양한 문양이 표현되어 장식성이 강한 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 한·중·일 전통극 복식의 조형적 특성의 가장 큰 차이점은 화장법에서 찾을 수 있다. 가면극은 가면이라는 도구표면에 분장을 한 반면에, 경극과 가부키는 얼굴 표면에 추상적인 형태의 도면화장을 하였다. 경극의 도면화장은 성격화장인 검보, 미화화장인 단 배역의 준반으로 구분되며, 가부키의 경우는 성격화장인 구마도리와 미화화장인 온나가타의 백색화장이 특징적이다. 넷째, 한·중·일 전통극 복식의 내재적 특성의 공통점은 감춤의 미와 비움의 미가 삼국의 전통극 복식에서 보편적인 가치로 나타났다. 다섯째, 한·중·일 전통극 복식의 내재적 특성의 차이점은 가면극의 벽사의 미와 경극·가부키의 상징의 미, 가면극의 해학적 관능미와 가부키의 은폐적 관능미, 경극의 위용적 과장미와 가부키의 숭고적 과장미, 가면극의 소박의 미와 경극·가부키의 장식의 미가 각각 대별된다. 한편 전통극에 나타난 독자적인 특성은 가면극의 해학의 미와 가부키의 습색의 미라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 동아시아 국가와의 문화비교를 통하여 객관적 시각에서 우리의 전통문화의 가치를 이해하고 자국문화의 정체성 제고에 기여하리라 기대한다. The purpose of this study is to establish the identity of Korean performing arts through the similarities and differences by analyzing the external plasticity of the three countries` traditional performing costumes and the immanent values focusing on the Korean mask drama along with Beijing Opera of China and Kabuki of Japan from a cross-cultural perspective. The method of this study was to examine the precedented studies and the related books around the development and the characteristics of Korean, Chinese and Japanese traditional plays at first and then did a comparative analysis on the similarities and differences of plastic characteristics and immanent properties represented on the three countries` traditional play costumes based upon the aesthetic characteristics of those countries`s traditional play costumes researched by Yang, You-mee and Lee, Mi-suk. The result of the study is as follows: First, the common grounds of the formativeness of Korean, Chinese and Japanese traditional play costumes are the unconstructive style of the kaftan and the creation of a sense of volume by overlapped wearing. Second, the difference of the plastic characteristics is whereas the mask dramas showed the H-line and the A-line silhouette, the costume styles of Beijing Opera and Kabuki were generally of H-line silhouette. The way of wearing is that all three countries took the means of wearing clothes in layers, but the overlapped wearing of Kabuki showed a difference from the cases of the Mask drama and Beijing Opera in terms of creating a beauty of ‘Seubsaek’ by overlapped wearing of several pieces of outer coats. Whereas most of the costumes of Mask drama and Kabuki were straight collars with the right gore to show asymmetrical balance of the collars when wearing, Beijing Opera prominently showed asymmetrical collars. In case of the colors of the costumes, while Mask drama used contrast colors of black and white, achromatized colors and primary colors, the costumes of Beijing Opera and Kabuki set off brilliancy of multi-colors and color scheme encountering various patterns. Whereas solid and plain fabrics were dominantly used for the costumes of Mask dance, a wide array of patterns were expressed on the front of the clothes of Beijing Opera and Kabuki to show strong decorative properties. Third, the greatest differentiation of the traditional play costumes of Korea, China and Japan can be found in the method of makeup. While they put on makeup on the surface of a tool, a mask, in the Mask dance, they put on abstractive makeup on the surface of a face in the Beijing Opera and Kabuki. The facial makeup of Beijing Opeara is classified into ‘Gumbo’, a character makeup and ‘Junban’, beautified makeup for a minor role, and in case of Kabuki, ‘Gumadori’ of a character makeup and ‘Onnagata’ of beautified makeup are the distinguishing features. Fourth, for the common ground of immanent nature of the traditional play costumes of Korea, China and Japan, the beauty of concealment and the beauty of void were shown as universal values in the three countries` traditional play costumes. Fifth, the differences shown in the comparison of the immanent properties of the three nations` traditional play costumes are generally classified into the beauty of exorcism of Mask drama and the beauty of symbolism of Beijing Opera and Kabuki, humoristic voluptuous beauty of Mask drama and a cover-up voluptuous beauty of Kabuki, splendid beauty of exaggeration of Beijng Opera and the sublime beauty of exaggeration, the beauty of simplicity of Mask drama and the decorative beauty of Beijing Opera and Kabuki while the independent nature shown in the traditional plays can be the beauty of satire of Mask drama and the beauty of ‘Seubsaek’ of Kabuki. This study is to understand the value of Korean traditional culture from an objective point of view through the comparison of cultures of Eastern Asian countries and anticipate to contribute to establishing the identity of its