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Impacts of Indoor and Outdoor Air Pollution on Child Health in Bangladesh
( Masamitsu Kurata ) 한국환경경제학회·한국자원경제학회(구 한국환경경제학회) 2018 한국환경경제학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2018 No.하계
Indoor air pollution (IAP) and outdoor air pollution (OAP) are recognized as critical risk factors for child health, especially in developing countries. However, most previous studies have focused on the effect of either IAP or OAP without considering the timing of prenatal and postnatal exposure. This article evaluates the impacts of IAP and OAP on child health in Bangladesh, one of the most air-polluted countries in the world. By combining individual-level data from a nationally representative survey and satellite-based high-resolution data on ambient PM2.5 concentrations, we estimate individual prenatal and postnatal exposure to PM2.5 and examine their adverse impacts on child underdevelopment (stunting and underweight) and respiratory illness. Our study finds that the use of solid fuels for cooking, a proxy variable of IAP, is associated with respiratory illness in girls, but not in boys. Prenatal exposure to ambient PM2.5 adversely affects only child underdevelopment, while postnatal exposure consistently increases the risk of both child underdevelopment and respiratory illness.
Numerical Model for Predicting Sand Bar Formation around River Mouth
Masamitsu Kuroiwa,Yuhei Matsubara,Yoko Suzuki,Takayuki Kuchiishi 한국해안,해양공학회 2014 한국해안해양공학회 논문집 Vol.26 No.2
A three-dimensional beach evolution model was presented to predict morphodynamics around a rivermouth. The presented model was based on the depth-averaged (2DH) and quasi three-dimensional (Q-3D) nearshorecurrent modules, and the model took into account shoreline changes, the effect of advection diffusion of suspendedload and discharged sediments from the river. First, the 3D beach evolution model was applied to the formation ofsand spits and terrace at the river mouth in order to investigate the performance of the model. Secondly, the modelwas applied to the river mouth at the Ara River, facing the Sea of Japan. The formation of sand spit at the AraRiver in winter season was reproduced. The computed result showed qualitatively agreement with field siteobservation.
Predictive model for wave-induced currents and 3D beach evolution based on FAVOR Method
Masamitsu Kuroiwa,Mazen Abualtayef,Tetsushi Takada,Ahmed Khaled Seif,Yuehi Matsubara 대한조선학회 2010 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.2 No.2
The development of a numerical model using the fractional area/volume obstacle representation (FAVOR) method for predicting a nearshore current field bounded by complicated geometric shapes, and a three-dimensional (3D) beach evolution was described in this article. The 3D model was first tested against three cases to simulate the nearshore current fields around coastal structures, a river mouth, and a large scale cusp bathymetry. Then, the morphodynamic model tests, which are adopting the nearshore current model, were applied for the computations of beach evolution around a detached breakwater and two groins. It was confirmed that the presented model associated with the FAVOR method was useful to predict the nearshore current field in the vicinity of the complicated geometric shapes. Finally, the model was applied to a tombolo formation in a field site of Kunnui fishery port, which is located in Hokkaido, Japan.
Masamitsu Serikawa,Kimiharu Ambe,Akinobu Usami 대한해부학회 2023 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.56 No.3
Although the epiglottis plays a vital role in deglutition, histological studies of the epiglottis and surroundingligaments associated with swallowing dysfunction are limited. Therefore, we performed histological observations to clarify age-related changes in the morphological characteristics of the epiglottis and surrounding structures. Tissue samples comprising the epiglottis and surrounding structures were collected from corpses that were both orally fed and tube-fed during their lifetimes. Following hematoxylin and eosin, Elastica Van Gieson, and immunohistochemical staining procedures, the chondrocytes, connective tissue, and glandular tissue were observed under the epiglottis epithelium, and intervening adipose tissue was observed in the surrounding area. Fatty degeneration of acinar cells was also observed in the glandular tissue, possibly because of aging. Bundles of elastic fibers were present around the vascular wall in the peri-epiglottic ligament, but some were reduced. Furthermore, large amounts of collagen fibers ran toward and through the cartilage, whereas the mesh-like elastic fibers stopped in front of the cartilage. Microfibrils considered to be oxytalan fibers, which are thinner and shorter than elastic fibers, were observed around the vascular wall and in the fiber bundles. Age-related changes included connective tissue fibrosis shown by the large amount of collagen fibers, atrophy of salivary glands, and an accompanying increase in adipose tissue. Regarding stretchability and elasticity, the elastic fibers may have an auxiliary function for laryngeal elevation during deglutition. This suggests that disuse atrophy of the laryngeal organs with or without oral intake might reduce the amount of elastic fiber in older adults.
Study on Online 3D Environment Construction for Teleoperation
Masamitsu Kurisu,Ryo Kodama 제어로봇시스템학회 2014 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.10
On remote operation of a robot, it is important to provide the situation around the robot for the operator intelligibly and quickly. This paper presents an online 3D environment map construction by using a robot operated remotely. The environment data is acquired with only a stereo camera mounted on the robot. The 3D environment map is constructed incrementally from the data by online processing. Specifically, the map is provided by polygon-meshes with color, which are generated from environment point clouds. As for online construction of the map, the system has to execute divided process modules in parallel, in order to decentralize processing loads. This paper explains the system architecture to execute the process modules in parallel, and the details of the hardware in which the constructed system is implemented. Implementation of the system to a small mobile robot is also described. Feasibility of our system will be discussed on experimental results of 3D map construction in an imitated environment.
Development of a Tiny Impact Device for Hammering Inspection
Masamitsu Kurisu,Hiroaki Kuwahara 제어로봇시스템학회 2018 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.10
This paper presents a development of a tiny impact device which can be mounted on a small robot for hammering inspection in a narrow place. The developed device utilizes magnetic forces of permanent magnets. The main part of the device consists of three permanent magnets. When a movable magnet is placed between two magnets fixed so as to attract each other, the movable magnet is rapidly drawn to one of the fixed magnets. The device makes the movable magnet to be adsorbed by changing the magnetic force balance and takes out an impact force generated at the moment of adsorption as a hammering force. The size and weight of the device are 20(depth)×17(width)×30(height)mm and 25.6g. Also, the device can generate continuous impact with low-power consumption. First, the basic principle of generating an impact with permanent magnets is explained. Then, the structure and operation flow of the developed device are described in detail. Performance of the device estimated theoretically is discussed. The availability of the device is verified by a hammering test.