赤十字에 있어서의 自發性

Marion Tavel,河文春(Ha Moon Choon) (번역자) 大韓赤十字社 人道法硏究所 1980 人道法論叢 Vol.- No.3

Trilingual Education Policy and Early Language Teaching in a Multi-cultural Relation

Marion Grein,Aitkurmanova A.A,Kapysheva G.K 한국글로벌문화학회 2017 글로벌문화연구 Vol.8 No.2

다른 국가의 시민의 교류가 극대화 되는 글로벌 사회에서, 외국어의 중요성이 최우선 순위일 것이다. 카자흐스탄의 경우, 핵심 정책 중 하나는 다른 나라와 우호 관계의 구축이다. 그런 이유로 외국어의 지식은 국제적 비즈니스가 활발한 카자흐스탄 개발 협력 측면에서 특히 중요하게 인식되고 있다. 최근 교육부 장관과 과학 장관에 의해 발표된 주요 3개국어 교육내용 중에 사회과학 학제에서 카자흐어와 러시아어 및 기타 과목으로 영어가 지정되었다. 이에 따라서 러시아어, 카자흐어와 영어가 초등학교의 1학년에서 부터 의무적으로 교육하여야 한다. 이런 문화강대국 중심의 외국어학습 경향은 그 양상이 바뀌어 왔을뿐만 아니라, 현재에도 지속적으로 변화하고 있다. 과거에는 책을 통한 문화의 유입이 강조된 데 반해, 국제간의 교류가 활발해진 현대에는 그보다 사람 사이의 직접적인 접촉을 통한 상호이해에 중점을 두고 있다. 따라서 카자흐스탄뿐만 아니라, 현재 한국의 중·고등학교에서 교육하고 있는 외국어도 그 국가의 정치·경제·사회·문화의 역량을 반영하고 있다고 할 수 있다. 이와 같은 상황에서 본 연구는 외국어 능력을 향상에 기반이 될 외국어 교육의 효율성을 극대화 하는 방법을 모색하고 교육정책 측면의 시사점을 도출하였다. Communication among citizens of different countries is becoming ever closer, so in the modern world it is difficult to imagine a person who does not understand the importance of owning of foreign languages. One of the main priorities of our country is the building of friendly relations with other countries. That is why the knowledge of foreign languages becomes especially valuable in the period of developing cooperation of Kazakhstan enterprises with foreign firms. The recent initiative announced by the Ministry of Education and Science Minister suggests that trilingual education should start from high school with some social science subjects to be taught in Kazakh and Russian and other subjects to be taught in English. Moreover it implies that Russian, Kazakh and English should be taught from the first grade of elementary school. This initiative puts an immense pressure on both subject teachers who need to improve their second and foreign language skills, and English language teachers who need to revise and reconsider approaches and methods in early language teaching to maximize its effectiveness.

Mycobacterial Toxin Induces Analgesia in Buruli Ulcer by Targeting the Angiotensin Pathways

Marion, E.,Song, O.R.,Christophe, T.,Babonneau, J.,Fenistein, D.,Eyer, J.,Letournel, F.,Henrion, D.,Clere, N.,Paille, V.,Guerineau, Nathalie C.,Saint Andre, J.P.,Gersbach, P.,Altmann, K.H.,Stinear, T. Cell Press ; MIT Press 2014 Cell Vol.157 No.7

Mycobacterium ulcerans, the etiological agent of Buruli ulcer, causes extensive skin lesions, which despite their severity are not accompanied by pain. It was previously thought that this remarkable analgesia is ensured by direct nerve cell destruction. We demonstrate here that M. ulcerans-induced hypoesthesia is instead achieved through a specific neurological pathway triggered by the secreted mycobacterial polyketide mycolactone. We decipher this pathway at the molecular level, showing that mycolactone elicits signaling through type 2 angiotensin II receptors (AT<SUB>2</SUB>Rs), leading to potassium-dependent hyperpolarization of neurons. We further validate the physiological relevance of this mechanism with in vivo studies of pain sensitivity in mice infected with M. ulcerans, following the disruption of the identified pathway. Our findings shed new light on molecular mechanisms evolved by natural systems for the induction of very effective analgesia, opening up the prospect of new families of analgesics derived from such systems.

Mains actors' roles in implementing Gender Mains-treaming

Marion Boker 한국여성정책연구원(구 한국여성개발원) 2010 GSPR(Gender Studies and Policy Review) Vol.3 No.-

Gender Mainstreaming and Budgeting is the legal obligation of Governments due to international law. The EU made it part of its "acquis communautaire». Most states are regularly evaluated by the CEDAW reporting mechanism. The Bejing+15 review shows: GovernmenLs extend of implementation is very different. Too often it lacks political will as recenLly in Germany where the national level is nOl implementing while communities and the State of Berlin do. The coordinating unit shall be the national machinery of the advancement of women. To '<mainstream» this enhanced approach for gender equality it is fundamental that all actors are working together with the methodology and clear objectives are defined. The «change agents» need space for new ways, dialogue with experts as well gUidance in a coherent, objective focused process. As participation is one key element women's rights NGOs can help to establish participation. They have an initiating, monitoring and consultative role as well as independent experts and academics. An effective and focused process needs a stakeholder management.

Narrating Dissent in Joseon Literati Discourse

Marion Eggert 한국학중앙연구원 한국학중앙연구원 2019 THE REVIEW OF KOREAN STUDIES Vol.22 No.2

Confucian tradition is often described as producing a “collectivist” mentality, as lacking the resources necessary for developing a sense of individual autonomy, and thus as averse to the voicing of dissent in defiance of political authority and independent of bonds of personal loyalty. Given that Joseon Korea defined itself as Confucian state, literati culture of that period should be expected to disdain expressions of dissent. The well-known history of intense intellectual debates among Joseon literati runs counter to this expectation. Two arguments can serve to resolve this seeming contradiction: either that these disputes should be seen as pure power struggle; or that they revolved around orthodoxy and thus in fact attest to the Confucian abhorrence of dissenting opinions. While acknowledging the explanatory power of both arguments, this paper sets out to test a third option that the above-mentioned assumptions about Confucian attitudes towards dissent are incomplete. Based on non-fictional texts most of which were part of a philosophical (or otherwise intellectual) controversy, it provides a sample of the ways in which Joseon literati talked about dissent, dispute, and discord. Attention is directed not to the points of contention themselves, but rather to the ways in which the fact of dissent is verbalized, narrated, and evaluated, with an emphasis on statements about the legitimacy of maintaining and defending personal convictions that run counter to group consensus. It is demonstrated that Joseon literati culture allowed for strong statements of moral and intellectual autonomy in disregard of status, power, and prestige.

Influence of Tool Surface on Tribological Conditions in Conventional and Dry Sheet Metal Forming

Marion Merklein,Kolja Andreas,Jennifer Steiner 한국정밀공학회 2015 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.2 No.2

The realization of lubricant free forming processes is motivated by an increasing demand for resource efficiency and higher environmental standards. Further potentials are the reduction of production steps and time. The dry conditions lead to an intensive interaction between tool and workpiece. Increasing friction and wear are the consequences. One approach to face these challenges is the implementation of tailored tool surfaces. Within this study the behavior of different tool surfaces under dry and lubricated conditions is investigated. In this regards, a flat strip drawing test was conducted to determine the friction coefficients depending on the tool surface properties resulting from various machining processes. Furthermore, a surface characterization before and after the experiments was performed to gain knowledge about the wear mechanisms. The tests series with dry strips lead to a higher friction level. Furthermore, the results show that the friction can be reduced when the grinding marks are orientated transversal to the drawing direction. A further friction reduction is achieved when applying polished tools.

Interlingual Phraseological Equivalents of Varying Intimacy Degrees in the German Language

Marion Grein Johannes(마리온 그레인 요하네스),Gulnar KAPYSHEVA(굴나르 카피쉐바) 한국글로벌문화학회 2016 글로벌문화연구 Vol.7 No.1

본 연구에서 도입한 어순일치의 친숙도 개념은 개별 언어의 어법 혹은 언어적 구조의 일관성을 의미한다. 구체적으로 각 언어가 가지고 있는 언어의 문법을 포함한 관용구, 파생의 유형 및 독특한 어순일치 상 형태에 대하여 새롭게 시도하는 분석적 접근이다. 본 연구의 어순일치의 친숙도의 이론 및 연구는 지난 10 년간 개발되었고 어법의 비교이론 관점에서 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 주요 언어 사이에서 언어 모델링 접근, 서술적 언어학의 기본적인 이론을 사용하여 다른 언어와의 관련성을 분석하고, 어법의 구조 형태적 접근을 시도하였다. 특히, 독일어와 다른 3가지 언어를 비교분석하면서 일반적인 구조, 문법체계 및 주요 특성과 추상, 논리 범주의 독특한 기능을 중심으로 개별 언어의 구조를 설명하였다. 이러한 어순일치 측면의 분석은 현대 비교언어 연구에서 가장 핵심적인 자료가 될 것이다. 연구의 객관성 정도를 제고하기 위하여 4개 언어의 비교하였고, 어순일치의 형태와 유형화를 위하여 독일어, 영어, 러시아어 그리고 카작어를 중심으로 분석하였다. The paper is devoted to one of the most representative regularities both within phraseology of different languages, namely, self-referral, correspondences of phraseological units, in particular, to the study of interlingual phraseological equivalents of varying intimacy degrees. Current development of linguistic science is characterized by its wide enough multidirection, in particular as for the language in general and the different aspects - systematic and structural, functional, anthropocentric, cultural linguistic, pragmatic, communicative, cognitive and typological. Comparative sphere of linguistics, in particular, a comparative study of different systems, structurally and genetically related and unrelated languages, including the phraseology of their system is very relevant in the Kazakh linguistics. Phraseological universals contribute, like all other types of language universals, to opening and description of common frameworks, systems and structures of a single human language as being the main attribute and distinctive feature of the person along with the human, abstract-logical categorical thinking. Phraseological component of a language takes a special part in any language for various reasons: it is in demand of the system inside, by outer linguistic factors and functionally. Not only the features of the language nature of phraseological units itself, but also of other levels of the language system, as well as universal and national peculiarities of different languages and their speakers are reflected in phraseological system and its units called phraseological ones.

Merging the cryptic genera Radicilingua and Calonitophyllum (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta): molecular phylogeny and taxonomic revision

Marion A. Wolf,Katia Sciuto,Christine A. Maggs,Antonella Petrocelli,Ester Cecere,Alessandro Buosi,Adriano Sfriso 한국조류학회I 2021 ALGAE Vol.36 No.3

Radicilingua Papenfuss and Calonitophyllum Aregood are two small genera of the family Delesseriaceae that consist of only three and one taxonomically accepted species, respectively. The type species of these genera, Radicilingua thysanorhizans from England and Calonitophyllum medium from the Americas, are morphologically very similar, with the only recognized differences being vein size and procarp development. To date, only other two species were recognized inside the genus Radicilingua: R. adriatica and R. reptans. In this study, we analysed specimens of Radicilingua collected in the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (Mediterranean), including a syntype locality of R. adriatica (Trieste, northern Adriatic Sea), alongside material from near the type locality of R. thysanorhizans (Torpoint, Cornwall, UK). The sequences of the rbcL-5P gene fragment here produced represent the first molecular data available for the genus Radicilingua. Phylogenetic reconstruction showed that the specimens from the Adriatic and Ionian Seas were genetically distinct from the Atlantic R. thysanorhizans, even if morphologically overlapping with this species. A detailed morphological description of the Mediterranean specimens, together with an accurate literature search, suggested that they were distinct also from R. adriatica and R. reptans. For these reasons, a new species was here described to encompass the Mediterranean specimens investigated in this study: R. mediterranea Wolf, Sciuto & Sfriso. Moreover, in the rbcL-5P tree, sequences of the genera Radicilingua and Calonitophyllum grouped in a well-supported clade, distinct from the other genera of the subfamily Nitophylloideae, leading us to propose that Calonitophyllum medium should be transferred to Radicilingua.

Metric Scale Study of the Bonded Concrete-Rock Interface Shear Behaviour

Marion Bost,Hussein Mouzannara,Fabrice Rojat,Grégory Coubard,Jean-Pierre Rajot 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.2

The shear strength of concrete-rock interface is a key factor to evaluate the stability of gravity dams. The shear strength assessment by achieving tests on small samples gives values different from those estimated by back-analysis on the existing dams. This work aims to study the shear behaviour of concrete-rock interface in the metric scale. Five direct shear tests were performed on bonded meter-scale concrete-granite interfaces in the range of normal stresses to which gravity dam foundation is subjected. Specific instrumentation were installed to monitor the failure mechanisms during the tests. The five concrete-rock interfaces have not broken by shearing of materials (concrete, rock) in the shear plane imposed by the test device, but by debonding of the contact between concrete and rock. Considering roughness of the contact surface in the decimeter scale and the results of shear tests carried out in the same scale, the decimeter scale is demonstrated to correspond to the elementary surface for the shear behaviour of the metric concrete-rock interface. According to the level of normal stress, the stiffness of both materials and the main asperities in the decimeter scale, different failure mechanisms occur locally to justify the overall failure in the metric scale.

Lee, Peter H., ed., A History of Korean Literature

Marion, Eggert 성균관대학교 동아시아학술원 2005 Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.5 No.1

Lee, Peter H., ed., A History of Korean Literature