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Reduction of efficiency droop in GaInN/GaN light-emitting diodes with thick AlGaN cladding layers
An Mao,조제희,E. Fred Schubert,Joong Kon Son,Cheolsoo Sone,하우진,Sunyong Hwang,김종규 대한금속·재료학회 2012 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.8 No.1
GaInN/GaN multiple-quantum-well light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with 0.4 µm-thick AlGaN cladding layers and two quantum wells (QWs), designed for investigating the origin of efficiency droop, are demonstrated to have a lower efficiency droop than typical GaInN/GaN LEDs with 5 QWs. Considering the much less electron leakage over the active region, and the larger carrier density due to the smaller active volume of the LED with AlGaN cladding layers than those of the typical LED, it is suggested that the dominant mechanism responsible for the efficiency droop is electron leakage rather than the Auger recombination which scales with the cubic power of the carrier density.
전모모(Tian, Mao Mao),조명은(Cho, Myung Eun),김미정(Kim, Mi Jeong) 한국실내디자인학회 2016 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.25 No.6
China has already entered the aging society and is predicted to become a super-aged society in 2020. The recent studies identified that the elderly has more interest in ‘Aging-in-Place’ which emphasizes deinstitutionalization since welfare facilities such as care homes and silver towns have separated the elderly from their local communities where they used to live in. The aim of this research is to propose a promising way for smart housing services who support the elderly’s living in their homes, China. This research is to investigate the elderly’s life and to identify their demands on housings for implementing such smart services. The elderly’s living in apartments in Luoyang city, China, were investigated through interviews using a questionnaire survey. The results show that smart housing services should be provided to support the elderly’s health, safety, leisure activities, comfortable living, and social relationships sustainably. In addition, such smart housing services should be intuitive since the elderly need to use easily smart services for their autonomous life in their homes. The smart housing services should be developed in the direction of enhancing the elderly’s healthy and desirable life, and lessening their discomforts due to aging.
Aging-In-Place개념을 적용한 중국 스마트홈 개발에 관한 연구
전모모(Tian, Mao Mao),조명은(Cho, Myung Eun ),김미정(Kim, Mi Jeong) 한국실내디자인학회 2016 한국실내디자인학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.10
China has faced various elderly problems relating to housing and health care services because many people in the Chinese society became over sixties. The previous studies show that the concept of Aging-In-Place has not been established in the housing market although the Chinese government presented "a proposal of December 5" emphasizing the adoption of Aging-In-Place in the development of housing for the elderly in China. This research is to investigate the current states of the elderly housings and their demand on smart homes in China. In addition this research is to analyze carers" difficulties and desires in assisting the elderly as a supplementary data. The questionnaire survey was done with fifty old people and fifty carers such as families and friends in apartment complexes to identify their demands respectively on future housings, smart homes. The result show that most respondents do not want to leave their home and move into care facilities as they ages. That is, most of the elderly prefer the realization of Aging-In-Place to care homes, thus the development of smart homes enabling the elderly"s autonomous living in their own housings should be desirable and encouraged. In conclusion, this research will propose a future direction on smart homes for the elderly in China.
Mao, Huiling,Xia, Yuefeng,Tu, Yan,Wang, Chong,Diao, Qiyu Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.11
Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of weaning times on the growth performance, rumen fermentation and microbial communities of yellow cattle calves. Methods: Eighteen calves were assigned to a conventional management group that was normally weaned (NW, n = 3) or to early weaned (EW) group where calves were weaned when the feed intake of solid feed (starter) reached 500 g ($EW_{500}$, n = 5), 750 g ($EW_{750}$, n = 5), or 1,000 g ($EW_{1,000}$, n = 5). Results: Compared with NW, the EW treatments increased average daily gain (p<0.05). The calves in $EW_{750}$ had a higher (p<0.05) starter intake than those in $EW_{1,000}$ from wk 9 to the end of the trial. The concentrations of total volatile fatty acids in $EW_{750}$ were greater than in NW and $EW_{1,000}$ (p<0.05). The EW treatments decreased the percentage of acetate (p<0.05). The endogenous enzyme activities of the rumen were increased by EW (p<0.05). EW had no effect on the number of total bacteria (p>0.05), but changes in bacterial composition were found. Conclusion: From the present study, it is inferred that EW is beneficial for rumen fermentation, and weaning when the feed intake of the starter reached 750 g showed much better results.
Mao, Xuan Bo(모현보),Kim, Yong Gu(김용구),Hong, Chan Seok(홍찬석) 한국전시산업융합연구원 2021 한국과학예술융합학회 Vol.39 No.4
From the perspective of social media (self-media), this research analyzes the fusion relationship between different dimensions of FMCG packaging design and product purchase intention, and puts forward corresponding views and strategies at the theoretical and application levels. In the social media era, the right of information control, the right of choice, and the right of discourse gradually incline to the public, and the one-way information output in the field of United Media is transforming into the information interaction and multiple control of Focus Media. All brands are using a more flexible way to export brand culture and values. At this point, the field of product packaging is an important export. The role of product packaging has expanded from a static storage carrier to a modern circulation medium, and has become an important channel connecting brands and consumers. Excellent product packaging can not only stimulate consumers to purchase, but also, through the spontaneous sharing of consumers in social media, achieve propagation fission and maximize the promotion of brand communication. In previous studies, few studies have been conducted on product packaging factors and their influencing mechanisms with purchase intention from the perspective of brand communication, therefore further research is needed to enrich theoretical research in this field and optimize product packaging strategies. This paper analyzes and refines the obtained interview data, and obtains four dimensions of FMCG packaging: functionality, sensation, emotionality and topicality, and constructs the model of FMCG packaging’s influence mechanism on purchase intention. Relevant research hypotheses are put forward. Research has found that the functionality, sensation, emotionality, and topicality of FMCG packaging have a significant impact on purchase intention, and topicality has the greatest impact. Topic has become the primary factor influencing consumers’ FMCG purchase intention in the social media era. Combining the research conclusion of this paper with the status quo of enterprise marketing, this paper puts forward corresponding marketing suggestions for the packaging design of the FMCG industry.
Mao, Lingling,Tsai, Hsinhan,Nie, Wanyi,Ma, Lin,Im, Jino,Stoumpos, Constantinos C.,Malliakas, Christos D.,Hao, Feng,Wasielewski, Michael R.,Mohite, Aditya D.,Kanatzidis, Mercouri G. American Chemical Society 2016 Chemistry of materials Vol.28 No.21
<P>Hybrid halide perovskites are emerging semiconducting materials, with a diverse set of remarkable optoelectronic properties. Besides the widely studied three-dimensional (3D) perovskites, two-dimensional (2D) perovskites show significant potential as photovoltaic (PV) active layers while exhibiting high moisture resistance. Here, we report two series of new 2D halide perovskite solid solutions: (HA)Pb1-xSnxI4 and (BZA)(2)Pb1-xSnxI4 (x = 1, 0.75, 0.5, 0.25, 0), where HA stands for the organic spacer histammonium and BZA stands for benzylammonium cations. These compounds are assembled by corner-sharing octahedral [MI6](4-) units stabilizing single-layered, anionic, inorganic perovskite sheets with organic cations filled in between. The optical band gaps are heavily affected by the M-I-M perovksite angles with the band gap steadily decreasing when the angle approaches 180 degrees, ranging from 2.18 eV for (BZA)(2)PbI4 to 2.05 eV for (HA)PbI4. We find an anomalous trend in electronic band gap in the mixed compositions (HA)Pb1-xSnxI4 and (BZA)(2)Pb1-xSnxI4. When Sn substitutes for Pb to form a solid solution, the band gap further decreases to 1.67 eV for (HA)SnI4. The minimum band gap is at x = 0.75 at 1.74 eV. For BZA, the irregular trend is more intense, as all the intermediate compounds (BZA)(2)Pb(1-x)SnxI(4) (x = 0.75, 0.5, 0.25) have even slightly lower band gaps than (BZA)(2)SnI4 (1.89 eV). DFT calculations confirm the pure Pb and Sn compounds are direct band gap semiconductors. Relatively shorter photoluminescence (PL) lifetime in (BZA)2PbI4 than (HA)PbI4 is observed, suggesting faster recombination rates of the carriers. Solution deposited thin films of (HA)PbI4 and (BZA)2PbI4 show drastically different orientations with (HA)PbI4 displaying a perpendicular rather than parallel growth orientation with respect to the substrate, which is more favorable for PV devices. The higher potential in PV applications of the HA system is indicated by device performance, as the champion air stable planar device with the structure ITO/PEDOT:PSS/2D-perovskite/PCBM/Al of (HA)PbI4 achieves a preliminary power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 1.13%, featuring an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.91 V.</P>