http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembly of Bisdendrons: An Unprecedented Route to Multilayer Thin Films
이옥주,Valérie Maraval,Anne-Marie Caminade,정경화,King Hang Aaron Lau,신관우,Jean-Pierre Majoral,Wolfgang Knoll,김동하 한국고분자학회 2016 Macromolecular Research Vol.24 No.10
We present an unprecedented route to fabricate multilayer thin films by single component layer-by-layer molecular self-assembly. Tailored water-soluble phosphorus bisdendrons were obtained via core to core assembling of two dendrons bearing anionic groups at one end and quaternizable amino groups at the other end. Adsorption of a 1st bisdendron monolayer on a charged substrate followed by sequential quaternization/deposition of a 2nd layer leads to a stepwise growth of multilayers. By this way, homogeneous multilayer thin films were successfully constructed as confirmed by spectroscopic and microscopic analysis.
Zhao, Wen Bo,Park, Jeongju,Caminade, Anne-Marie,Jeong, Seong-Jun,Jang, Yoon Hee,Kim, Sang Ouk,Majoral, Jean-Pierre,Cho, Jinhan,Kim, Dong Ha Royal Society of Chemistry 2009 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.19 No.14
<P>Multilayer thin films of anionic gold nanoparticles (Au<SUB>NPs</SUB>) and cationic phosphorus dendrimers were deposited on 3-(diethoxymethyl-silyl)propylamine (3-APDMES)-coated substrates using layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly driven by electrostatic interactions. The growth of Au/dendrimer multilayers composed of Au<SUB>NPs</SUB> with diameters of ∼3 nm and ∼16 nm and dendrimer with ∼2 nm diameter was monitored by UV-vis spectroscopy. The relative amounts of Au<SUB>NPs</SUB> and dendrimers in the multilayer films were calculated using a quartz crystal microbalance. The Au-containing multilayers have two surface plasmon bands at ∼530 nm and ∼600 nm, where the latter exhibits a red shift upon increasing the areal density of AuNPs as well as increasing the layer number. The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) band of the hybrid films can be tuned by adding NaCl to the dendrimer solution or by removing the organic matrix. These results demonstrate that the near-field coupling between the LSPR bands of neighboring Au layers is responsible for the controlled absorption behavior. Au mesoporous films after removing dendrimers show LSPR sensing properties for alcohols with different refractive indices in the range 1.33–1.41. A linear relationship was obtained between the LSPR peak wavelength and the refractive index of the surrounding medium.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>LSPR coupling behaviour in multilayers of gold nanoparticles (Au<SUB>NPs</SUB>) and phosphorus dendrimers is discussed, where marked blue or red shifts were observed from the LSPR band upon controlled coupling between adjacent Au<SUB>NPs</SUB>. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=b814116a'> </P>
The Development of the Korean Medication Algorithm for Major Depressive Disorder
MinSoo Lee,SeWon Lim,JiHyun Cha,SangKeun Chung,KwangSu Kim,Siegfried Kasper,the Executive Committee for the Korean Medication Algorithm Project for Major Depressive Disorder 대한신경정신의학회 2005 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.2 No.2
There are many differences in the biological characteristics, clinical situations, and medical insurance systems between ethnic groups or countries. Consequently, there is a need for a specific Korean algorithm for the treatment of major depressive disorder. Therefore, the Korean society of depressive and bipolar disorder decided to develop the Korean Medication Algorithm for Major Depressive Disorder (KMA-MDD). The Korean Medication Algorithm Project for Major Depressive Disorder (KMAP-MDD) was designed with the goal of developing: 1) ideal algorithm, 2) Korean algorithm, 3) medication algorithm, 4) evidence-based and formal consensus algorithm. After collecting and reviewing many articles and reports by the evidence-based rule, we constructed a survey questionnaire designed to obtain the formal consensus of Korean experts. By employing panels of experts to review the collected evidences and survey results thoroughly, we used evidence based algorithm development as a component of the formal consensus development process. The KMA-MDD consists of two algorithms: one for major depressive disorder without psychotic features and the other for major depressive disorder with psychotic features. Clinical guidelines for the implementation of KMA-MDD were also developed. The KMA-MDD provides specific treatment strategies for each stage. The KMA-MDD is the first Korean algorithm for the treatment of major depressive disorder. It is based on evidence supporting the efficacy of each treatment modality and has obtained the consensus of Korean experts. We hope that the KMAMDD will be a good practical tool for clinicians who treat major depressive disorder in Korea.
Volume Adaptation Controls Stem Cell Mechanotransduction
Major, Luke G.,Holle, Andrew W.,Young, Jennifer L.,Hepburn, Matt S.,Jeong, Kwanghee,Chin, Ian L.,Sanderson, Rowan W.,Jeong, Ji Hoon,Aman, Zachary M.,Kennedy, Brendan F.,Hwang, Yongsung,Han, Dong-Wook American Chemical Society 2019 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.11 No.49
<P>Recent studies have found discordant mechanosensitive outcomes when comparing 2D and 3D, highlighting the need for tools to study mechanotransduction in 3D across a wide spectrum of stiffness. A gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel with a continuous stiffness gradient ranging from 5 to 38 kPa was developed to recapitulate physiological stiffness conditions. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) were encapsulated in this hydrogel, and their morphological characteristics and expression of both mechanosensitive proteins (Lamin A, YAP, and MRTFa) and differentiation markers (PPARγ and RUNX2) were analyzed. Low-stiffness regions (∼8 kPa) permitted increased cellular and nuclear volume and enhanced mechanosensitive protein localization in the nucleus. This trend was reversed in high stiffness regions (∼30 kPa), where decreased cellular and nuclear volumes and reduced mechanosensitive protein nuclear localization were observed. Interestingly, cells in soft regions exhibited enhanced osteogenic RUNX2 expression, while those in stiff regions upregulated the adipogenic regulator PPARγ, suggesting that volume, not substrate stiffness, is sufficient to drive 3D stem cell differentiation. Inhibition of myosin II (Blebbistatin) and ROCK (Y-27632), both key drivers of actomyosin contractility, resulted in reduced cell volume, especially in low-stiffness regions, causing a decorrelation between volume expansion and mechanosensitive protein localization. Constitutively active and inactive forms of the canonical downstream mechanotransduction effector TAZ were stably transfected into ASCs. Activated TAZ resulted in higher cellular volume despite increasing stiffness and a consistent, stiffness-independent translocation of YAP and MRTFa into the nucleus. Thus, volume adaptation as a function of 3D matrix stiffness can control stem cell mechanotransduction and differentiation.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>