디젤분진이 사람 동맥 평활근 세포(VSMC)에 미치는 영향

임용,김수연,정규혁,정진호,문창규,윤여표 한국환경독성학회 2004 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.19 No.1

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of diesel exhaust particles on human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs). DNA synthesis, cell viability and morphology of VSMCs after treatment of diesel exhaust particles(DEP) and fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5)) were assayed. PM_(2.5) inhibited the DNA synthesis of VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas DEP did not affect VSMCs up to 50㎍/mL . These results were confirmed by morphological examination of VSMCs. PM_(2.5) showed a dose-dependent cytotoxicity of VSMCs by MTT assay. Fraction 4(organic acids) and fraction8(moderately polar compounds) showed the most potent inhibition of DNA synthesis of VSMCs, and fraction7(slightly polar compounds), fraction9(higher polar compounds), and fraction6(aromatic compounds) were next order. These results were confirmed by morphological examination of VSMCs. These results suggest that PM_(2.5) inhibits the DAN synthesis of VSMCs through the cytotoxicity.

爐보수 근로자의 혈중 Carboxyhemoglobin 농도와 신체증상

임현술,윤덕로,조수헌,김헌 大韓産業醫學會 1993 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.5 No.1

제철소 爐보수 작업에 종사하는 근로자의 일산화탄소 폭로정도를 추정하고, 만성적인 저농도 일산화탄소 폭로가 근로자의 건강에 미치는 영향을 평가하고자 제철소 현장에서 일하는 로보수작업 생산직 근로자 808명을 폭로군으로, 제철소 밖에 있는 사무실에서 근무하는 근로자 162명을 대조군으로 하여 흡연, 작업조건, 신체증상 등을 묻는 설문조사를 시행하고 정맥혈을 채취하여 Co-oximeter(Instrumentation Laboratory사, Model482)를 이용하여 carboxyhemoglobin 농도를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 폭로군과 대조군의 혈중 COHb농도는 폭로군이 평균 3.21%, 대조군이 2.36%로 양군간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p-value<0.0001 by T-test). 2) 흡연 습관에 따른 혈중 COHb농도는 흡연자군이 평균 3.88%, 비흡연자군이 0.90%로 양군 간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었으며(p-value<0.0001 by T-test) 폭로군과 대조군에서 모두 흡연자와 비흡연자간의 혈중 CPHb 농도는 유의한 차이를 보였다(p-value<0.001 by T-test). 3) 흡연자군의 혈중 COHb 농도는 폭로군과 대조군 사이에 유의한 차이가 있었으나 (p-value<0.05) 비흡연자군에서는 양군간에 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 4) 폭로군이 대조군보다 통계적으로 유의할 정도로 더 높은 발현율을 보였던 증상은 없었다. 흡연자군에서는 비흡연자군에 비하여 '가래'의 발현율이 더 높게 나타났다(p-value<0.001 by χ²-test). 5) 혈중 COHb 농도는 작업종료후 채혈까지의 시간에 따라서는 유의한 변화양상을 보이지 않았던 반면 마지막 흡연후부터 채혈까지의 시간이 길어질수록 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 제철소 로보수 작업 근로자의 일산화탄소 폭로수준은 임상적 증상을 유발할 만큼 높지 않으며 폭로군과 대조군의 혈중 COHb 농도가 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였던 것은 거의 대부분이 흡연습관의 차이에 기인하는 것으로 생각된다. 그러나 고위험군이나 흡연자의 경우에는 저농도 일산화탄소 폭로에 의해서 건강 장해가 유발될 가능성이 높으므로 저농도 일산화탄소에 폭로될 수 있는 작업장에서는 고위험군의 색출과 금연에 대한 교육이 필수적이다. To estimate carbon monoxide(CO) exposure levels and to evaluate health effects of chronic low level CO exposures of furnace-repairing workers, self-administrative questionnaire and venous carboxyhemoglobin(COHb) concentration measurements were performed on 808 furnace-repairing workers(exposed group) and 162 clerical workers(control group). Mean COHb level of furnace-repairing workers(3.21%) was significantly higher than that of clerical workers(2.35%)(p-value<0.0001 by T-test) and mean COHb level of smokers(mean:3.88%) was higher than that of nonsokers(mean:0.90%)(p-value<0.0001 by T-test). Smokers in exposed group showed statistically different COHb levels from those in control group but mean COHb level of nonsmokers in exposed group was not statistically different from that of control group. There was no CO-related symptoms, the positive response rates of which were higher in exposed group. 'Sputum' was the only symptom that showed higher positive rate in smokers. COHb levels did not linearly decrease with the time interval from workshift to blood sampling, while it did with time interval from last smoking to blood sampling. These results suggest that COHb level of furnace-repairing workers mainly depends on the smoking habit and may be related to their occupational CO exposures only to a small degree. Since low level CO exposure may be harmful to high risk patients and to smokers, furnace-repairing compaines require attention to detecting those high risk workers and educating hazardous effects of smoking.

Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose 분진의 습도와 온도에 대한 영향성 연구

임우섭,목연수,최재욱 한국안전학회 2004 한국안전학회지 Vol.19 No.3

This study was performed with Hartmann type dust explosion apparatus and Godbert-Greenwald furnace apparatus in order to research the effect of temperature and humidity affecting LEL, minimum ignition temperature of Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose. The experimental determinations in the range between 20℃ and 60℃ of temperature was not affected LEL(180g/m³) but LEL showed 200g/m³ and 250g/m³ at 80℃ and 100℃. As the change of humidity LEL was 180g/m³ for 50%, 200g/m³ for 60% and 250g/m³ for 70% but dust explosion didn't occur over 80%, The ignition temperature of HPMC dust clouds was increased as increasing of humidity. So, the minimum ignition temperatures at 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% of humidity was 363℃, 375℃, 397℃, 405℃.

블럭펄스 함수를 이용한 비선형 확률 시스템의 제어기 설계

임윤식,정제욱,안두수 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1997 論文集 Vol.48 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to indicate how the available thoery of optimal control and estimation for the so called linear-quadratic-Gaussian(LQG) problem provides such a unified design procedure for the nonlinear system. In particular, we wish to stress the advantages of this method from the viewpoint of ease of computation, since the theory provides us with equation that can be readily solved by modern digital computers. This algorithm minimizes the effect for the initial error by adaptive analysis method via BPF and the each sampling interval of the nonlinear system is linearized using BPF's coefficients, the convergence of the estimated states can be improved.

블럭펄스 함수를 이용한 확률동적 시스템의 상태추정

임윤식,안비오,안두수 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1996 論文集 Vol.47 No.1

This paper presents a method to design Kalman filter on continuous stochastic dynamical systems via BPF(block pulse functions). When we design Kalman filter , minimum error variance matrix is appeared as a form of nonlinear matrix differential equations. Such equations are very difficult to obtain the solutions. Therefore, in this paper, we simply obtain the solutions of nonlinear matrix differential equations from recursive algebraic equations using BPF. We believe that the presented method is very attractive and proper to the states estimation on continuous stochastic dynamical systems

BPF를 이용한 시변 확률 시스템의 제어기 설계

임윤식,이명규,안두수 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1997 論文集 Vol.48 No.1

The orthogonal function has been widely employed to solve the control problems, whereas its application to solve the LQG prroblem has hardely been used. Chang & Lee suggested direct application of orthogonal function to Riccatti equation and covariance matrix Riccatti equation. But in this method, the dimension of the integration operational matrix enlarge as the order of the system or the number of expansion term increases. In this paper, in order to solving Riccatti equation and covariance matrix Riccatti equation, TPBVP and matrix fraction method are used. LQG controller is designed by applying block pulse function to this method.

고온 용융염에서 Fe-Base 합금의 부식거동

조수행,윤기석,임종호,박성원 대한금속재료학회 2004 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.42 No.10

In the development of the advanced spent fuel management process based on the molten salt technology, it is essential to choose the optimum material for the process equipment handling molten salt. The corrosion behaviors of 304 S.S., 321 S.S., 316 LN S.S. and Incoloy 800 H in a molten salt of LiCI-Li₂O were investigated in the temperature range of 650-800℃. The oxide scales consisting of Fe₃O₄i FeCr₂O₄and Cr₂O₃ were formed in the 304 S.S., 321 S.S., 316 LN S.S. and Incoloy 800 H regardless of reaction temperature and time. The order of corrosion rate was Incoloy 800 H < 316 LN S.S. < 321 S.S. < 304 S.S.. Incoloy 800 H showed uniform corrosion behavior, whereas 304 S.S., 321 S.S. and 316 LN S.S. showed intergranular corrosion behavior. Incoloy 800 H with high Ni content exhibited the highest corrosion resistance among the examined alloys. (Received February 27, 2004)

Headspace Sampler와 Gas Chromatography를 이용한 방향족 화합물의 무차원 헨리 상수 측정

박수진,임화윤,박소진 한국화학공학회 2004 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.42 No.1

방향족화합물의 무차원 헨리상수(Air/Water 분배계수 : K_(aw))를 headspace sampler(HSS)와 gas chromatography(GC)를 이용하여 318.15-355.15 K 온도 범위에서 온도를 변화시키며 측정하였으며, 이 방법으로 시료와 평형 및 채취, 분석 과정에 있어서 용질의 휘발로 인한 오차와 수작업에 의한 측정 오차를 최소한으로 줄이고자 하였다. HSS내 평형용기의 기상과 액상조성은 GC의 피크면적과 물질수지 식으로부터 계산하였으며, 이 관계식을 이용하여 benzene을 비롯한 몇 개의 방향족 화합물의 무차원 헨리상수를 온도별로 측정하였고 문헌값과 비교하여 방법의 신뢰성을 확인하였다. 또한 온도와 무차원 헨리상수의 함수관계를 통해 온도에 따른 무차원 헨리상수 값을 유추하는 방법의 가능성을 살펴보았다. Dimensionless Henry's law constants of aromatic compounds in water were measured at various temperatures between 318.15-355.15K using a headspace autosampler with a gas chromatography. This measuring system prevent, sample losses due to volatilization from equilibration, sampling, and chemical concentration analysis by a high precision headspace sampler and gives relatively accurate results. Dimensionless Henry's law constant is calculated by thermodynamic relation and the mass balance with gas chromatographic peak area. Different equilibrium concentration in gas phase was made by using different gas-liquid volume ratio in sample vial. The temperature dependence of dimensionless Henry's law constant was correlated with the classical van't Hoff equation as a function of temperature. The extrapolated data at 298.15K from correlated equation were compared with available literature data in order to test this method.

가정폭력 남성 가해자의 유형화에 관한 예비적 연구

김현수,신윤미,조선미,정영기,임기영 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the typology of male spouse abusers. The enacted law related family violence enabled us to contact male spouse abusers directly. The typology of male spouse abusers may contribute to the development of screening tools and intervention programs for domestic violence. Methods : Our study population was consisted of perpetrators of family violence referred by a probatinal office. They received the parole and probation order from the court. We interviewed and examined ninety-nine men. Also they completed the report Self-questionnaires, MMPI, BDI, sex-role, self-esteem, aggression inventory. We tried to typologize the MMPI clusters and other factors. Rcsults : The result of clusters based on MMPI profiles represented three groups, cluster 1 (N=19), cluster 2 (N=45) and cluster 3 (N=35). There are no differences on age, education, economic status, criminal history and others, Statistically significant factors among three groups were sex-role identity, self-esteem, depression, In cluster 1, developmental & current lifestatus was relatively pathologic and chaotic, In cluster 2, they were relatively less pathologic, less chaotic, In cluster 3, theyshowed strong tendency to masculinity to seek for. Conclusion : Our preliminary results presented that different groups needed different approaches. We considered that cluster 1 group might be more accessible to psychiartic treatment, cluster 2 group need cognitive education, structural group therapy, couple therapy, and individual therapy, cluster 3 group need education about knowledge and attitude for sex-role, masculinity, socio-cultural reconstruction.

금은화 약침액의 암세포 성장 저해 효과

손윤희,임종국,최혜경,남경수,배만종 경산대학교 생명자원개발연구소 1999 생명자원과 산업 Vol.3 No.-

한방에서 염증, 종양 억제 등에 사용되는 금은화로 약침액을 조제하여 쥐와 사람의 암세포 성장억제효과를 살펴 보았을 때 금은화 약침액 10×, 5×농도는 mouse EATC에 대해 90% 및 86% 세포 성장 억제율이 있었으며, 열수추출액 10×, 5× 농도는 89% 및 87% 세포 성장억제효과가 있었다. 같은 농도의 약침액을 Hepalclc7에 처리했을 때는 89.5%, 69.7%의 억제효과가 있었고 열수추출액은 85.7%, 67.3%의 hepalclc7 세포 성장억제율을 보였다. 사람의 암세포주 A549, HeLa 세포에 대한 금은화 약침액 및 열수추출액의 세포독성 실험에서도 A549 세포에 약침액 10×, 5×를 처리했을 때 82.0%, 46.1% 세포 성장억제효과가 나타났으며 금은화 역수추출액은 75%, 50%의 세포 성장 억제율이 나타났다. HeLa 세포에서는 약침액이 열수추출액보다 세포 성장 억제효과가 더 높았다. 금은화 약침액을 처리한 세포(EATC,Hepalclc7과 human A549, HeLa)의 현미경 관찰에서는 세포수의 감소와 형태의 변화를 관찰할 수 있었다. Lonicerae flos Aqua-acupuncture Solution(LFAS) and Lonicerae flos Water-extracted Solution(LFWS) were prepared and tested for their potential antitumor activities. It was shown to possess considerable toxicity toward various tumor cell lines. Concentration of LFAS at 10× and 5× resulted in more than 50% inhibition of growth in Ehrich ascites tumor cells(EATC), Hepalclc7, and HeLa cells after 72 hours. Toxicity of LFWS to A549 revealed that more than 50% inhibition of growth at LFAS conentration of 10× after 72 hours. Concentration of LFWS at 10× and 5× showed more than 50% inhibition of growth with EATC, Hepalclc7, HeLa and A549. In morphological study, the number of cells were decreased, and the shape of cells was round form in EATC, Hepalclc7, HeLa, and A549.