Specific Response of Additively Manufactured AlSi9Cu3Fe Alloy to Precipitation Strengthening

Michaela Roudnická,Orsolya Molnárová,Drahomír Dvorský,Leoš Křivský,Dalibor Vojtěch 대한금속·재료학회 2020 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.26 No.8

The additive manufacturing of Al–Si–Cu/Mg alloys along with their precipitation strengthening represents a promising optionof producing high-strength complex-shaped light-weight components for special applications in automotive or aerospace. Inthis paper, we follow our previous research on AlSi9Cu3Fe alloy prepared by one of the additive manufacturing technologies,selective laser melting (SLM). We characterize the precipitation strengthening of this material during conventional T6heat treatment, and also present the possibility of its precipitation strengthening by annealing at temperatures of 413–453 Kwithout previous solutionizing. We revealed the specific response of the studied material consisting in the simultaneousprecipitation of semi-coherent θ′ precipitates and Si platelets. By characterization of hardness, mechanical performance undertensile loading and microstructure, we demonstrate that the AlSi9Cu3Fe alloy is not stable when prepared by SLM and itsstability can be induced by additional heat treatment. The results of our work thus yield with a practical recommendationfor applications where temperature increase may occur.

Nationwide changes in radiation oncology travel and location of care before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

Alexandra N. De Leo(Alexandra N. De Leo ),Fantine Giap(Fantine Giap ),Matthew M. Culbert(Matthew M. Culbert ),Nicolette Drescher(Nicolette Drescher ),Ryan J. Brisson(Ryan J. Brisson ),Vincent Cassidy( 대한방사선종양학회 2023 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.41 No.2

Purpose: Patients with cancer are particularly vulnerable to coronavirus disease (COVID). Transportation barriers made travel to obtain medical care more difficult during the pandemic. Whether these factors led to changes in the distance traveled for radiotherapy and the coordinated location of radiation treatment is unknown. Materials and Methods: We analyzed patients across 60 cancer sites in the National Cancer Database from 2018 to 2020. Demographic and clinical variables were analyzed for changes in distance traveled for radiotherapy. We designated the facilities in the 99th percentile or above in terms of the proportion of patients who traveled more than 200 miles as “destination facilities.” We defined “coordinated care” as undergoing radiotherapy at the same facility where the cancer was diagnosed. Results: We evaluated 1,151,954 patients. There was a greater than 1% decrease in the proportion of patients treated in the Mid-Atlantic States. Mean distance traveled from place of residence to radiation treatment decreased from 28.6 to 25.9 miles, and the proportion traveling greater than 50 miles decreased from 7.7% to 7.1%. At “destination facilities,” the proportion traveling more than 200 miles decreased from 29.3% in 2018 to 24% in 2020. In comparison, at the other hospitals, the proportion traveling more than 200 miles decreased from 1.07% to 0.97%. In 2020, residing in a rural area resulted in a lower odds of having coordinated care (multivariable odds ratio = 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.83–0.95). Conclusion: The first year of the COVID pandemic measurably impacted the location of U.S. radiation therapy treatment.

Translation as International Trade

Leo Tak-hung Chan 한국외국어대학교 통번역연구소 2019 한국외국어대학교 통번역연구소 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.07

Contemporary Chinese notions of translation have to be understood against a globalized world where international trading and business transactions are the order of the day. This paper proposes to discuss one current school of thinking about translation in China. In the past decade or so, translation has been seen as playing a crucial part in exporting Chinese culture in order to build a favorable national image and increase the country’s soft power. This has occurred as a result of the perception of an imbalance between the importation of things foreign (qing jinlai) and the exportation of things Chinese (song chuqu). To compete successfully on the international scene, cultural exports have to be promoted. Since globalization forces are dominating the scene, translation becomes an “industry” governed by the operational logic of a “socialist market economy”—a notion unheard of two decades ago. While translation can still be seen as inter-linguistic transfer, its value is no longer to be judged on the basis of whether the rendering is faithful or not. The “classical” theories of translation—wen (refinement), zhi (straightforwardness), xindaya (faithfulness, fluency and elegance), zhiyi (literal translation) and yiyi (free translation)—are slowly losing ground to the new conceptualizations of translation in the contemporary world, and the present paper focuses on the one most discussed, debated and disseminated in the past two decades or so.

탈신화화와 신화가 상실된 시대의 신앙의 진리

레오 쉐프칙(Leo Scheffczyk),이영덕(번역자) 광주가톨릭대학교 신학연구소 2015 神學展望 Vol.- No.191

그리스도교가 헬레니즘을 수용해 그리스화(Hellenisierung) 되었다는 아돌프 하르낙(Adolf von Harnack, 1851-1930)의 주장을 둘러싼 논의가 수그러들지 않은 시점에서 루돌프 불트만(Rudolf Bultmann, 1884-1976)은 ‘탈신화화’(Entmythologisierung, 脫神話化)라는 개념으로 자신의 해석학적 입장을 표방하는데, 이로써 독일 신학계는 19세기 말에서 20세기 중반에 이르기까지, 그리스도교의 자기정체성을 묻는 작업에 몰두한다. 그러나 이 두 신학자의 문제 제기는 두 차례에 걸친 세계대전 동안의 혼란과 제2차 바티칸 공의회로 인한 신학적 관심사의 전환으로 인해 아쉽게도 미완의 논의로 남게 되었고, 오늘날에는 세속화 신학의 방법론으로 즐겨 활용되고 있다. 이 같은 배경을 이해할 때 우리는 레오 쉐프칙(Leo Scheffczyk, 1920-2005), 알로이스 그릴마이어(Alois Kardinal Grillmeier, S.J., 1910-1998) 그리고 요제프 라칭거(Josef Ratzinger alias Benedikt XVI, 1927-)와 같은 권위 있는 가톨릭 신학자들이 왜 이 지난 세기의 주제들(‘그리스도교의 그리스화’와 ‘탈신화화’)과 여전히 씨름하는지를 이해할 수 있다. 그리스도교는 이미 그 초기부터 신화에 대해 잘 알고 있었고, 그래서 신화에 대해서 충분한 검증과정을 거쳐 능동적으로 수용 및 배격하는 과정을 통해 복음 전파의 도구로 활용했다는 것이 저자의 주장이다. 그리고 저자는 성경에서 찾아 볼 수 있는 초대교회의 (긍정적인 의미에서의) ‘탈신화화’ 노력에 주목하지 않고, 과거의 기록이라는 이유만으로 성경과 교의를 신화와 동일시하는 것은 일종의 이데올로기라고 말한다. 쉐프칙은 불트만의 ‘탈신화화’ 요구는 신학적 측면에서 그 타당성에 의심이 갈 뿐만 아니라 그 시도 자체에 모순을 내재하고 있다고 말한다. 위에서 언급된 신학적 사안에 대한 불충분한 연구는 전후 유럽 신학계의 문제만이 아니다. 서구 신학계의 논의가 유입되기는 하지만 그에 대한 후속연구가 이어지지 않는 국내의 신학계 및 종교계에 ‘탈신화화’는 마땅한 반론이나 답변을 듣지 못한 채 여전히 회자되고 있기 때문이다. 쉐프칙 추기경의 연구는 이 신학적 사안을 둘러싼 오해를 해소하려는 우리의 노력에 도움이 될 수 있을 것이다.

The Gut Microbiome and the Brain

Leo Galland 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Journal of medicinal food Vol.17 No.12

The human gut microbiome impacts human brain health in numerous ways: (1) Structural bacterial components such as lipopolysaccharides provide low-grade tonic stimulation of the innate immune system. Excessive stimulation due to bacterial dysbiosis, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, or increased intestinal permeability may produce systemic and/or central nervous system inflammation. (2) Bacterial proteins may cross-react with human antigens to stimulate dysfunctional responses of the adaptive immune system. (3) Bacterial enzymes may produce neurotoxic metabolites such as Dlactic acid and ammonia. Even beneficial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids may exert neurotoxicity. (4) Gut microbes can produce hormones and neurotransmitters that are identical to those produced by humans. Bacterial receptors for these hormones influence microbial growth and virulence. (5) Gut bacteria directly stimulate afferent neurons of the enteric nervous system to send signals to the brain via the vagus nerve. Through these varied mechanisms, gut microbes shape the architecture of sleep and stress reactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. They influence memory, mood, and cognition and are clinically and therapeutically relevant to a range of disorders, including alcoholism, chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, and restless legs syndrome. Their role in multiple sclerosis and the neurologic manifestations of celiac disease is being studied. Nutritional tools for altering the gut microbiome therapeutically include changes in diet, probiotics, and prebiotics.

Design and Analysis of Gate Engineered Dual Material Gate Double Gate Impact Ionization Metal Oxide Semiconductor

Leo Raj Solay,Sarabdeep Singh,S. Intekhab Amin,Sunny Anand 한국전기전자재료학회 2019 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.20 No.2

In this exposition, we have proposed the Dual Material Gate Double Gate Impact Ionization Metal Oxide Semiconductor (DMG DG IMOS) device with a gate engineered technique of Gate Stacking which is ordinarily used in MOSFET for performance augmentation. This paper compares the performance of four DG IMOS based devices i.e. Single Material Gate Double Gate IMOS (SMG DG IMOS), SMG Gate Stacked DG IMOS (SMG GS DG IMOS), DMG DG IMOS and DMGGate stacked DG IMOS (DMG GS DG IMOS). The performance of all the devices has been investigated using 2-D simulations. The device structures of gate stacked devices have been developed with two gate oxides namely SiO 2 and HfO 2 and remaining parameters have been taken alike for all four devices. The doping concentration of source and drain regions for all four devices has been taken as 10 20 cm −3 and the doping concentration of the intrinsic region has been taken as 10 15 cm −3 . The Gate Stacked devices showed better analog outcomes as compared to the other devices. The analog parameters evaluated include transconductance (g m ), total gate capacitance (C gg ) and unity gain frequency (f T ). The proposed design, DMG GS DG IMOS has been then analyzed for diff erent channel lengths and dielectrics of gate oxide materials to optimize the gate engineered design for various applications.

Marshal Nezha ‘transformed’: Techno Nezha in Taiwan

Leo Yuan 국립민속박물관 2014 International Journal of Intangible Heritage Vol.9 No.-

A Taiwanese folk god – Marshal Nezha - has beenrecreated as ‘Techno Nezha’ for various religiousceremonies in Taiwan and some other parts of the worldand has become very popular with the public. TechnoNezha is especially well-liked by the younger generationand serves as a very good example of culturalcontinuation. He has provided us with a new concept forthe way ICH can develop and survive.

나타원수(哪吒元帥)의 ‘변용(變容)’: 대만의 ‘테크노 나타’

Leo Yuan 국립민속박물관 2014 International Journal of Intangible Heritage Vol.9 No.-

대만의 대표적인 민속 신(神) 나타원수는 최근 대만을 비롯한 여러 나라의 다양한 종교 축제에서 ‘테크노 나타’라는 현대적인 모습으로 탈바꿈하여 등장하고 있다. 이에 대한 대중의 반응은 가히 폭발적이다. 테크노 나타는 특히 젊은 세대를 중심으로 인기를 끌고 있으며 문화적 연속성(cultural continuation)의 모범 사례로 인정받고 있다. 테크노 나타는 무형유산이 진화하여 생명력을 유지하는 방식에 대한 새로운 모델을 제시하고 있다.

Hidden Translation as Academic Practice

Leo Tak-hung Chan 한국중어중문학회 2013 中語中文學 Vol.55 No.-

Much effort has been devoted over the past few centuries to presenting China to the West in the English language, beginning with the classical sinology of nineteenth-century Britain and reaching a climax through late-twentieth century Chinese Studies in the States, carried out mostly in departments of East Asian languages and literature/cultures. Invariably there is one shared element in these approaches: translation. In our age, the pervasive use of English as the language of academic discourse, combined with the increased hegemony of English in fields beyond those of business, recreation and diplomacy, means that the “Westernization” of forms of knowledge related to Chinese culture and tradition has become inescapable. In the new linguistic imperialism, what is prominent are the misrepresentation, distortion and manipulation carried out in connection with the translation of ideas from Chinese into English. The present article focuses on ideas rather than texts in order to understand the cannibalization of one language by another that has occurred in translation. The example chosen is the translation of a key literary term-xiaoshuo (literally “small talk” but often translated as “fiction”)-which appears in academic writings published by American Sinologists in the past few decades, in which the epistemological gap between the Chinese and English terms is artificially bridged.

Income Convergence in the Asia-Pacific Region

( Leo Michelis ),( Simon Neaime ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2004 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.19 No.3

This paper uses the concepts of σ-convergence and β-convergence to evaluate empirically the hypothesis of income convergence in the Asia-Pacific region, and its subsets of East Asia and ASEAN during the period 1960-1999. Because of the East Asian financial crisis in the late 1990s, the analysis is carried out sequentially, first for the period 1960-1990 and then for the period 1960-1999. For the former period, we find evidence of conditional β-convergence in a group of 17 APEC countries and in 10 EASTASIA countries. No evidence of income convergence is found for the ASEAN group of countries. For the latter period, there is weak evidence of conditional β- convergence in a group of 16 APEC countries, and much weaker evidence of income convergence in EASTASIA. We attribute this finding to the damaging effects of the financial crisis in the second half of the 1990s. Also, the empirical evidence shows that openness to international trade is statistically the most important variable for sustaining economic growth in the Asia-Pacific region. Of the other variables macroeconomic stability has a positive impact on growth, while government spending and population growth have a negative effect in general.