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Seamus Heaney의 고고학적 상상력 : 민족주의와 시 Nationalism and Poetry
이세규 檀國大學校英美文化硏究所 1997 英美文化 Vol.6 No.-
Seamus Heaney is known to be the most important Irish poet since W. B. Yeats. The concern about his work by distinguished critics and fellow poets in Britain and America, as well as Ireland measures the degree of his reputation. I assume that a growing interest among Korean readers reflects this prevailing enthusiasm for his work. His method and ideas owe more to the nineteenth rather than the twentieth century. This seems to be an attractive factor to draw a reader's attention. In fact, His poetry has the proper qualities to absorb the devotees of 'practical criticism' still dominant in class of dealing with the poetry. However, we cannot fail to see that his poetry is lacking inspiration to exalt our mind, which is structured on a formalized pattern. In other words, he approaches his subject in an easy way. The main subject of his poetry is to reconcile his individuality with the community. This subject is linked with the question to fill the sectarian rift between the Catholic community and the Protestant's in Ireland. It appears that his poetry is involved in this question. He seems to express his integrity by the degree to which he identifies himself with and integrates his difference in a national consciousness. This aspect makes some critics believe that Heaney surrenders his individuality to identify with the spirit of his community. Their opinions are not different from defining him enthusiastic nationalist. But he grew up in the Northern Ireland, part of the United Kingdom, which technically at least makes him British. Only this fact is enough to raise doubts about their opinions. Based on this premise, this paper aims to prove that though his individuality as a poet is united with the spirit of his Catholic community, its independent value is still preserved. In this respect, presumablely he is influenced by G. M. Hopkins. Hopkins was a priest and a poet. In sensical terms, it seems to be impossible for him to be faithful to his two vocations at the same time. Notwithstanding, he could find a clue to do so from the theology of Duns Scotus. Scotus's main distinction from the traditional theology was his belief in 'the principle of individuation.' All medieval philosophers were concerned with how human being could come to know the universal. Scotus believed that human beings could find God by apprehending each individual object's essence. Hopkins also could make his two vocations compatible by employing hi sensitivity to beauty to lead him to God. It is my conclusion that Heaney, in the same method, became unified with the spirit of his community through his archeological imagination, being employed to find historical sense in the past. Here, we can find his homogeneity and disparity with his community placed in juxtaposition. We cannot be freed from suspicion that he depends on this manneristic method to reconcile his individuality as a poet with the spirit of the community.
이원주,김택훈,권경익,김종인,조남규,박세출 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1993 계명의대학술지 Vol.12 No.2
저자들은 외형상 여성으로써 원발성 무월경과 양측 외음부 종양 촉지를 주소로 입원한 complete testicular feminization syncrome 1례를 경험하였기에 이를 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다 The 46, XY individual with complete testicular feminization syndrome is a phenotypic female who is usually somewhat tall, has excellent breast development and presents to the gynecologist because of primary amenorrhea and an inguinal mass. In complete testicular feminization syndrome, axillary and pubic hair are sparse or absent and some degree of virilization such as clitorial hypertrophy, partial labioscrotal fusion and hirsutism doesn't occur at puberty. We report a case of complete testicular feminization syndrome with the brief review of literatures.
지역문화시설의 지체장애인 동선계획에 관한 연구 : 광주지역 문화시설을 중심으로
이수용,박동준,오세규 한국의료복지시설학회 2005 의료·복지 건축 Vol.11 No.2
The disabled has remarkable difficulties to participate social activities and those, that block them up from access to public facilities and the comfortable habitation so they should get help from others, are mainly made by architectural facts. Buildings without impediment which consider the disabled would be the things responding to the needs of the times. If the disabled would be convenient to use facilities, there should be no difficulties to normal people. A first began to examine into the role of the architecture. And to establish radical standards for the disabled to use cultural and assembly facilities through scrutinizing facilities to get access for the disabled and movement circulations in the cultural facilities should be the conclusion. This study which is a kind of fundamental study to construct cultural facilities without obstacles for the disabled began from consideration for the problem flow line of the disabled in cultural facilities and analyzed flow lines for them to use, access, and evacuate from those which are main facilities in the region. Though, evacuation rules in cultural and assembly facilities are recommendatory in existing laws for convenience of the disabled, the congestion of the crowd coming out after performances impedes safe flows of both the disabled and crowds. Further, in case of evacuation, there would be more serious problems. Therefore, consideration of reinforcement for existing laws for convenience of the disabled is needed.
이유훈,권택환,김희규,유장순,최세민 국립특수교육원 2003 연구보고서 Vol.- No.1
특수교육이 장애학생을 포함한 모든 학생의 특성과 요구에 부응하는 통합교육으로 발전하기 위해서는 무엇보다도 장애인에 대한 편견과 차별이 없어야 한다. 장애인에 대한 편견과 부정적인 태도는 결국 장애인의 사회통합에 부정적인 영향을 미치기 때문에 우선적으로 해결해야 할 과제라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 「유ㆍ초등학생 장애이해 교육」자료를 개발ㆍ보급하여 장애인에 대한 편견과 차별을 해소하는데 그 목적을 두고, 전문가 협의회, 관련 문헌 탐색, 기존 장애이해 교육 자료 분석, 현장교사 설문 및 심층면담 등을 실시하였고, 이를 통해 얻은 연구 결과를 요약 정리하면 다음과 같다 첫째, 우리의 학교현장에서는 장애이해 교육 시간확보가 어려운 실정이다. 이런 현상은 교육경력이 낮은 교사일수록 또는 학교경영자와 일반교사의 이해가 부족할수록 더욱 심각하게 나타나는데, 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 국립특수교육원이나 시ㆍ도교육청에서 장애 이해 교육에 따른 시간확보 방안을 제공할 필요가 있다. 장애이해 교육의 필요성에 대한 학교경영자 및 일반교사의 인식 부족을 해결하기 위해서는 학교경영자와 일반교사가 특수교육과 장애인에 대한 이해를 넓힐 수 있도록 하는 다양한 연수프로그램이 마련되어야 한다. 둘째, 장애이해 교육에 활용할 수 있는 자료의 양이 부족할 뿐 아니라, 기존에 개발된 자료를 활용할 수 있는 체계적인 방안이 마련되어 있지 많다는 점이다. 따라서 장애이해 교육에 활용할 수 있는 다양한 자료가 개발되어야 하고, 기존에 개발된 자료는 쉽게 활용될 수 있도록 종류별로 정리되어야 하고, 활용할 수 있는 구체적인 방법도 제시할 필요가 있다. 셋째, 장애이해 교육이 학기초나 '장애인의 날'과 같은 특정기간에 편중되어 있다는 점이다. 장애인식 개선을 위한 교육은 년 중 계획을 세워 일정기간 단위로 실시하여야 한다. 넷째, 장애이해 교육에 활용되는 모델이나 이해교육 방법이 주로 감각장애(시각장애ㆍ청각장애) 또는 지체부자유학생을 중심으로 되어 있다는 점이다. 교육현장에서는 발달장애학생도 많기 때문에 발달장애학생을 모델로 하는 장애이해 교육 프로그램이나 교수-학습방법도 지속적으로 개발되어야 한다. 다섯째, 장애이해 교육방법이 다양하지 못하다는 점이다. 장애이해 교육이 효율적으로 이루어지기 위해서는 장애인의 다양한 특성이 고려되어야 한다. 그러기 위해서는 교수활동 방법 또한 이들의 특성을 고려하여 보다 다양하게 이루어져야 할 것이다. 위에서 제시한 장애이해 교육 실태를 토대로 본 연구보고서에서는 현장교사들이 쉽게 활용할 수 있도록 하기 위해서 1부, 2부로 나누어「유ㆍ초등학생 장애이해 교육자료」를 안내하였다. 제 1부 「장애이해 교육의 개관」에서는 장애이해 교육자료 개발의 필요성, 목적, 연구방법 및 절차, 장애이해 관련 제이론, 장애이해 교육의 현황 및 문제점, 개선방안 등을 기술하여 학교현장의 교사들이 장애이해 교육에 대해 보다 폭 법은 이해를 도모하도록 하였다. 제 2부 「장애이해 프로그램 및 교육자료」에서는 장애유형별 즉, 시각장애, 청각장애, 정신지체, 정서장애, 자폐성장애, 학습장애, 지체부자유 등으로 나누어 제시하여 교사들이 장애 이해 지도를 보다 쉽게 접근할 수 있도록 하였고, 아울러 기존에 개발된 장애이해 교육자료를 도서, 방송프로그램, 영화, 인터넷 웹사이트 등으로 분류 제시하여 학교현장에서 학생의 수준과 활동 내용에 따라서 다양하게 활용할 수 있도록 하였다. 본 프로그램은 「유ㆍ초등학생 장애이해 교육자료」의 한 예에 불과하다. 학교 현장의 지도 교사는 프로그램의 수준을 상향 또는 하향 조정하여 지도할 수 있으며, 생활 주변의 다양한 소재로 프로그램의 내용을 수정 또는 대체할 수 있다. 나아가 창의적으로 새로운 상황을 전개할 수 있도록 하는 노력도 필요하겠다. 2004년에는 「중ㆍ고등학생 장애이해 교육자료」가 개발되어 학교현장에 보급될 계획이다. In order for special education to develop into an inclusive education system that meets the characteristics and needs of all children, including those who are disabled, there must be no prejudices and discriminations against children who are physically or mentally challenged. As the biases and negative attitudes toward persons with disabilities could eventually exert negative influences on their integration into society, these tasks must be effectively taken care of above all else. This study, with the aim of dissolving prejudice and discrimination against the persons with disabilities by developing and disseminating materials for the "Education for Non-disabled Preschoolers and Elementary School Children to Understand Disabilities", has had consultations with experts, researched related books and other documents, analyzed the existing educational materials for understanding individuals with disabilities and conducted surveys on and interviews with teachers in the field of education. The results of the study are summarized as follows. First, the fact remains that it is difficult to secure time to educate on how to understand the children with disabilities at the nation's schools. Such a phenomenon occurs more seriously among teachers with less educational experiences as well as school managers and general education teachers without adequate understanding of the children with disabilities. To resolve this problem, either the Korea Institute for Special Education or the municipal and provincial educational agencies need to provide ideas to secure time to educate the understanding of those who are challenged. In order to solve the lack of understanding of the children with disabilities among school managers and general education teachers, various programs must be created and implemented to train the school administrators and regular teachers to expand their understanding of the persons with disabilities. Second, not only is the amount of materials available for the education of the children with disabilities insufficient, but moreover there are no systematic measures to make the most of those materials that are already developed. Therefore, diverse resources must be developed to use for educating the understanding disabilities, and already developed materials must be classified into categories for easy use along with concrete methods for utilizing such resources. Third, education for understanding the children with disabilities is concentrated on specific periods, such as the early semester or the "Day for the Persons with Disabilities". Education to improve the perception of disabilities should be conducted in periods under an annual program. Fourth, the models or methods used to educate for understanding the persons with disabilities are centered mainly on the individuals with sensory injured (with visual or hearing impairments) or the persons with physically disabled. At educational sites, there are many children with developmentally disabled and so educational programs and teaching-learning methods to educate the understanding of the children with disabilities should be modeled after the children with developmentally challenged. Fifth, the methods to educate the understanding of the persons with disabilities are not diverse. For the efficient education of the understanding disabilities, the diverse characteristics of the persons with disabilities should be taken into account. To be successful in this matter, more diverse methods of teaching activities also need to be used by considering the characteristics of the people with disabilities. On the basis of the reality of developing an understanding and proper awareness of those who are disabled as presented above, this study report guides the "Education for non-disabled preschoolers and elementary school children to understand disabilities" in Part 1 and Part 2 for easy use by teachers on active duty. In Part 1, titled as "A General Survey of Educating the Understanding of the Children with Disabilities", I have described the necessity and purpose of educating the understanding of the children with disabilities, its study methods and procedures, various theories on educating the understanding of the children with disabilities, the current situations and problems of educating the understanding of the children with disabilities and their improvement measures to deepen the understanding about educating the understanding disabilities by teachers on active duty. In Part 2, titled the "Programs to Educate the Understanding Disabilities and Educational Materials," I have classified types of disabilities into visual impairment, hearing impairment, mental retardation, emotional disorder, autism, learning disability and the physical impairment for easy approach to educate the understanding disabilities by teachers. At the same time, I re-categorized the already developed materials to educate the understanding disabilities into books, broadcasting programs, movies, Internet web-sites and others for diverse use at schools according to the children' levels and activities. This program is just one example of the "Education for Non-disabled Preschoolers and Elementary School Children to Understand Disabilities". I have arranged it in such a way as to allow teachers to teach the children by upgrading or downgrading the program's level as well as modifying or replacing the contents of this program by using various materials that can be obtained in everyday lives. In 2004, I am planning to develop and distribute the "Education for non-disabled Middle-and High-school Students to Understand Disabilities".
연속 매몰 봉합법의 다양한 임상적 적용: 비절개 이중검 성형술
백세민,최준,이용국,황소민,박성규 대한미용성형외과학회 1997 Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Vol.3 No.1
The double eyelid operation is one of the most common cosmetic surgery performed in orientals, and there are numerous studies about surgical procedures of that. In the case of appropriate candidates, the non-incision technique makes excellent cosmetic results, with the advantages of shorter operating time, less morbidity, less pain, no scarring and easy revision of shape. But, usually the non-incision technique is recommended in the cases with thin upper eyelid, small amount of orbital fat, less redundant skin of upper eyelid and in whom a wide fold is not desired so on. Therefore, the disadvantages of this method are that it cannot be applied to all patients. The postoperative complications are disappearance or faded fold, formation of cyst of lumps, asymmetry etc. and the incidence of these complications is slightly higher than those of the incisional method. In this study , the double eyelid operation using the continuous buried suture method was performed in 210 patients for formation of double eyelid from Jan. 1993 to Dec. 1995. In conclusion very good results can be obtained by the continuous buried suture method even in the cases of puffy upper eyelid. This method can make a double eyelid shape in the fashion the patient wants and can be a new indication for correction of unilateral double eyelid. This method is safe, satisfactory and take shorter postoperative recovery time and it can reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.
초임계 이산화탄소를 이용하는 친환경 공정에 의한 다공성 고분자의 제조
강세란,홍성수,이민규,이석희,천재기,주창식 한국환경과학회 2004 한국환경과학회지 Vol.13 No.3
An experimental study on the preparation of monolithic porous polymers by environmentally friend process in supercritical carbon dioxide has been carried out. Polymerization mixture composed of a cross-linking monomer, initiator and functional co-polymer was charged in the reactor with sapphire window. After the system was purged with a flow of CO₂ for 15 min, the reactor was pressurized with liquid CO₂ up to 100 bars. The reactor was isolated from and placed back to the system via quick connector for shaking until the mixture had become fully homogeneous. The reactor was then heated and pressurized to the required reaction conditions and left overnight. After cooling and CO₂ evacuation, the polymer was removed from the reactor as dry, white, continuous monoliths. The effect of experimental conditions on the physical properties of porous polymer was systematically examined, and it was found that monomer content had a major effect on the physical properties of the polymers.
강세란,김영우,황덕기,김시영,이민규,주창식 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.6
A recycling process for the waste FRP from boats was developed. The recycling process is composed of decomposition of waste FRP with propylene glycol and synthesis of recycled unsaturated polyester resin from the decomposed liquid material. Prior to the decomposition, waste FRP was cut into 2cm × 5cm segments and mechanical impact was applied by press roller to give gaps between cumulated laminates. Propylene glycol effectively decomposed the waste FRP segments and glass fibers were easily separated from decomposed liquid material. Recycled unsaturated polyester resin could be made from the decomposed liquid material by reaction with maleic anhydride and phthalic anhydride.
콩 단백질/펙틴/몬모릴로나이트 나노복합 필름의 특성 및 산소 투과도 연구
정세환,김성철,조규순,신용섭,장상희,홍기헌,이태진,신부영 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 2004 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.32 No.2
In this study, Mechanical property, thermal property, watervapor, and oxygen permeability of biodegradable Soy protein/Pectin-montmorillonite nanocomposite, prepared with Na^(+)-MMT, have been studied. X-ray diffraction and TEM experiments an polymer/silicate composite samples demonstrated that the intercalation of polymer chains leads to increase in the spacing between silicate layers. In addition, it were found that the intercalated Soy protein/Pectin/montmorillonite nanocomposite were prepared. It was found that the addition of only a small of clay was enough to improve the thermal stability and mechanical property of Soy protein/Pectin/montmorillonite nanocomposite. watervapor of Soy protein/Pectin/montmorillonite nanocomposite was generally lower than that of Soy protein/Pectin. oxygen permeability of Soy protein/Pectin/montmorillonite nanocomposite was generally lower than that of Soy protein/Pectin.