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Evaluation of Various Workloads in Filebench Suitable for Phase-change Memory
Seungyong Lee,Hyokeun Lee,Hyuk-Jae Lee,Hyun Kim 대한전자공학회 2021 IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing & Computing Vol.10 No.2
Phase-Change Memory (PCM) is known as the next generation of memory thanks to its outstanding properties, such as fast speed, non-volatility, scalability, and low power consumption. Based on these characteristics, PCM can be used in larger expanded memory or faster storage compared to HDD or NAND flash memory. Therefore, various companies are trying to deploy PCM-based memory products. However, studies on deciding the target system of PCM are still insufficient, which is an obstacle to the commercialization of PCM. In this paper, a file system benchmark, Filebench, is evaluated with various operating options to find the most appropriate workload for PCM as storage. An experiment was conducted in a virtual system by mounting PCM with a PCM-aware file system. The results demonstrate that the PCM-based system performs up to 500 times better than traditional storage if executing workloads with a significant amount of write operations and synchronization operations. A number of applications were tested on various configurations of systems, and workload characteristics suitable for the PCM-based system are presented.
Lee, Habeom,Manorotkul, Wanit,Lee, Jinhwan,Kwon, Jinhyeong,Suh, Young Duk,Paeng, Dongwoo,Grigoropoulos, Costas P.,Han, Seungyong,Hong, Sukjoon,Yeo, Junyeob,Ko, Seung Hwan American Chemical Society 2017 ACS NANO Vol.11 No.12
<P>Exploration of the electronics solely composed of bottom-up synthesized nanowires has been largely limited due to the complex multistep integration of diverse nanowires. We report a single-step, selective, direct, and on-demand laser synthesis of a hierarchical heterogeneous nanowire-on-nanowire structure (secondary nanowire on the primary backbone nanowire) without using any conventional photolithography or vacuum deposition. The highly confined temperature rise by laser irradiation on the primary backbone metallic nanowire generates a highly localized nanoscale temperature field and photothermal reaction to selectively grow secondary branch nanowires along the backbone nanowire. As a proof-of-concept for an all-nanowire electronics demonstration, an all-nanowire UV sensor was successfully fabricated without using conventional fabrication processes.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2017/ancac3.2017.11.issue-12/acsnano.7b06098/production/images/medium/nn-2017-06098z_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn7b06098'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Lee, Kyu-Tae,Yao, Yuan,He, Junwen,Fisher, Brent,Sheng, Xing,Lumb, Matthew,Xu, Lu,Anderson, Mikayla A.,Scheiman, David,Han, Seungyong,Kang, Yongseon,Gumus, Abdurrahman,Bahabry, Rabab R.,Lee, Jung Woo,P National Academy of Sciences 2016 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol.113 No.51
<P>Emerging classes of concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules reach efficiencies that are far greater than those of even the highest performance flat-plate PV technologies, with architectures that have the potential to provide the lowest cost of energy in locations with high direct normal irradiance (DNI). A disadvantage is their inability to effectively use diffuse sunlight, thereby constraining widespread geographic deployment and limiting performance even under the most favorable DNI conditions. This study introduces a module design that integrates capabilities in flat-plate PV directly with the most sophisticated CPV technologies, for capture of both direct and diffuse sunlight, thereby achieving efficiency in PV conversion of the global solar radiation. Specific examples of this scheme exploit commodity silicon (Si) cells integrated with two different CPV module designs, where they capture light that is not efficiently directed by the concentrator optics onto large-scale arrays of miniature multi-junction (MJ) solar cells that use advanced III-V semiconductor technologies. In this CPV+ scheme ('+' denotes the addition of diffuse collector), the Si and MJ cells operate independently on indirect and direct solar radiation, respectively. On-sun experimental studies of CPV+ modules at latitudes of 35.9886 degrees N (Durham, NC), 40.1125 degrees N (Bondville, IL), and 38.9072 degrees N (Washington, DC) show improvements in absolute module efficiencies of between 1.02% and 8.45% over values obtained using otherwise similar CPV modules, depending on weather conditions. These concepts have the potential to expand the geographic reach and improve the cost-effectiveness of the highest efficiency forms of PV power generation.</P>
Photo Aesthetics Analysis via DCNN Feature Encoding
Lee, Hui-Jin,Hong, Ki-Sang,Kang, Henry,Lee, Seungyong IEEE 2017 IEEE transactions on multimedia Vol.19 No.8
<P>We propose an automatic framework for quality assessment of a photograph as well as analysis of its aesthetic attributes. In contrast to the previous methods that rely on manually designed features to account for photo aesthetics, our method automatically extracts such features using a pretrained deep convolutional neural network (DCNN). To make the DCNN-extracted features more suited to our target tasks of photo quality assessment and aesthetic attribute analysis, we propose a novel feature encoding scheme, which supports vector machines-driven sparse restricted Boltzmann machines, which enhances sparseness of features and discrimination between target classes. Experimental results show that our method outperforms the current state-of-the-art methods in automatic photo quality assessment, and gives aesthetic attribute ratings that can be used for photo editing. We demonstrate that our feature encoding scheme can also be applied to general object classification task to achieve performance gains.</P>
Seungyong Lee,Yun-A Shin,Jinkyung Cho,Dong-Ho Park,Changsun Kim 대한골대사학회 2022 대한골대사학회지 Vol.29 No.2
Background: Aging leads to significant bone loss and elevated osteoporosis risk. Exercise slows age-related bone loss; however, the effects of various moderate-intensity exercise training volumes on bone metabolism remain unclear. This study aimed to determine the degree to which different volumes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training influence bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), femoral trabecular bone microarchitecture, and cortical bone in middle-aged mice. Methods: Twenty middle-aged male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned 8 weeks of either (1) non-exercise (CON); (2) moderate-intensity with high-volume exercise (EX_MHV); or (3) moderate-intensity with low-volume exercise (EX_MLV) (N=6-7, respectively). Femoral BMD and BMC were evaluated using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and trabecular and cortical bone were measured using micro-computed tomography. Results: Femoral BMD in EX_MHV but not EX_MLV was significantly higher (P<0.05) than in CON. The distal femoral fractional trabecular bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV, %) was significantly higher (P<0.05) in both EX_MHV and EX_MLV than in CON mice. Increased BV/TV was induced by significantly increased trabecular thickness (mm) and tended to be higher (P<0.10) in BV (mm3) and lower in trabecular separation (mm) in EX_MHV and EX_MLV than in CON. The femoral mid-diaphysis cortical bone was stronger in EX_MLV than EX_MHV. Conclusions: Long-term moderate-intensity aerobic exercise with low to high volumes can be thought to have a positive effect on hindlimb BMD and attenuate age-associated trabecular bone loss in the femur. Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise may be an effective and applicable exercise regimen to prevent age-related loss of BMD and BV.