A Study of the Yang-gyeong-gyu-il-ui (兩景揆日儀) in the Joseon Dynasty

Lee, Yong Sam,Kim, Sang Hyuk,Mihn, Byeong-Hee The Korean Space Science Society 2015 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.32 No.1

The Yang-gyeong-gyu-il-ui (兩景揆日儀) is a kind of elevation sundial using three wooden plates. Sang-hyeok Lee (李尙爀, 1810~?) and Byeong-cheol Nam (南秉哲, 1817~1863) gave descriptions of this sundial and explained how to use it in their Gyu-il-go (揆日考) and Ui-gi-jip-seol (儀器輯說), respectively. According to Gyu-il-go (揆日考) there are two horizontal plates and two vertical plates that have lines of season and time. Subseasonal (節候) lines are engraved between seasonal (節氣) lines, subdividing the interval into three equal lines of Cho-hu (初候, early subseason), Jung-hu (中候, mid subseason) and Mal-hu (末候, late subseason); there are 13 seasonal lines for a year, thus resulting in 37 subseasonal lines; also, there are 12 double-hour (時辰) lines for a day engraved on these plates. The only remaining artifact of Yang-gyeong-gyu-il-ui was made in 1849 (the $15^{th}$ year of Heon-jong) and is kept at the Korea University Museum. We have compared and analyzed Yang-gyeong-gyu-il-ui and similar western sundials. Also, we have reviewed the scientific aspect of this artifact and built a replica. Yang-gyeong-gyu-il-ui is a new model enhanced from the miniaturization development in the early Joseon Dynasty and can be applied to the southern part of the tropic line through a structure change.

A Study of the Yang-gyeong-gyu-il-ui (兩景揆日儀) in the Joseon Dynasty

Yong Sam Lee,Sang Hyuk Kim,Byeong-Hee Mihn 한국우주과학회 2015 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.32 No.1

The Yang-gyeong-gyu-il-ui (兩景揆日儀) is a kind of elevation sundial using three wooden plates. Sang-hyeok Lee (李尙爀, 1810~?) and Byeong-cheol Nam (南秉哲, 1817~1863) gave descriptions of this sundial and explained how to use it in their Gyu-il-go (揆日考) and Ui-gi-jip-seol (儀器輯說), respectively. According to Gyu-il-go (揆日考) there are two horizontal plates and two vertical plates that have lines of season and time. Subseasonal (節候) lines are engraved between seasonal (節氣) lines, subdividing the interval into three equal lines of Cho-hu (初候, early subseason), Jung-hu (中候, mid subseason) and Mal-hu (末候, late subseason); there are 13 seasonal lines for a year, thus resulting in 37 subseasonal lines; also, there are 12 double-hour (時辰) lines for a day engraved on these plates. The only remaining artifact of Yang-gyeong-gyu-il-ui was made in 1849 (the 15th year of Heon-jong) and is kept at the Korea University Museum. We have compared and analyzed Yanggyeong- gyu-il-ui and similar western sundials. Also, we have reviewed the scientific aspect of this artifact and built a replica. Yang-gyeong-gyu-il-ui is a new model enhanced from the miniaturization development in the early Joseon Dynasty and can be applied to the southern part of the tropic line through a structure change.

한국인 혀동맥의 형태

김희진(KIM Hee Jin),강민규(KANG Mill Kyu),김진학(KIM Jm Hak),박재한(PARK Jae Han),이상섭(LEE Sang Heon),이상헌(LEE Sang Sup),정인혁(CHUNG In Hyuk2) 대한체질인류학회 1997 대한체질인류학회지 Vol.10 No.2

연구자들은 한국인 어른 남녀 시신의 머리와 목 61 을 대상으로 깊은 층 육안해부를 시행하여 혀동맥의 형태를 조사하였다 혀동맥이 일어나는 유형은 위갑상동맥, 혀동맥, 그리고 얼굴동맥이 바깥목동액에서 따로 가지를 내어 나뉘는 경우가 563% 호 가장 않았으며, 얼굴동맥과 혀동맥이 강은 가지에서 얼어나 나뉘는 경우 (312%), 그리고 위 강상동액과 혀동맥이 같은 가지에서 나뉘는 경우 (12 5%) 등이 있었다. 혀동맥과 혀동맥의 둘째 부분은 덮는 목뿔혀근 과의 영대학적 관계는 각각 혀동맥의 첫째 부분이 목뿔혀근 뒤에서 심하게 휘어져 깊은 층으로 들어가는 유형 (41 2 %), 그리고 혀동맥의 첫째 부분이 목뿔혀근의 뒤쪽 근육모셔리 바로 뒤흘 지나 깊은 층으로 들어가는 경우가 661% 로 가장 많았다 목뿔혀근 깊은층에서 혀동맥의 둘째 부분이 달리는 양상은 급하게 위쪽으로 꺾역 달리다가 다시 앞쪽으로 꺾여 혀의 깊은 곳으로 들어가는 경우와 목뿔빼에서 혀쪽으로 완만한 굽이플 이루며 올라가는 경우가 비슷한 반도로 관찰되었다. 입안바닥에 분포하는 혀밑동맥이 혀동맥 셋째 부분에서 나오는 경우슨 전체의 590% 에서만 관창되었으며 그 외는 대부분 얼굴동맥의 턱끝 및동맥 가지가 턱옥뽕근응 옳고 입안바닥에 분포하였다. 따라서 연구자들은 한국인 업안바 닥에는 혀동액이 전체의 59%에서만 분포하며 그외는 영굴동액의 턱끝밑동맥 가지 , 그리고 기타 다른 동맥의 가지들이 분포한다는 사실을 확인하였다

Validating MEDIQUAL Constructs

Sang-Gun Lee,Sangjin Yoo,Hu Hyuk Lee 한국산업정보학회 2003 한국산업정보학회논문지 Vol.8 No.1

Fludarabine-based myeloablative regimen as pretransplant conditioning therapy in adult acute leukemia/myelodysplastic syndrome: comparison with oral or intravenous busulfan with cyclophosphamide

Lee, Ji Hyun,Choi, Jimin,Kwon, Kyung A,Lee, Suee,Oh, Sung Yong,Kwon, Hyuk-Chan,Kim, Hyo-Jin,Han, Jin Yeong,Kim, Sung-Hyun Korean Society of Hematology; Korean Society of Bl 2010 Blood Research Vol.45 No.2

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>A combination of busulfan (Bu) and cyclophosphamide (Cy) has been used as a standard myeloablative regimen for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Recent studies postulate that fludarabine (Flu) is a less toxic substitute for Cy.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Forty-two patients who were diagnosed with acute leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome and received BuFlu (n=17) or BuCy (n=25) from August, 1999 to July, 2009 at Dong-A University Medical Center were retrospectively analyzed.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The median follow-up duration was 39.75 months. The BuFlu group showed a lower incidence of mucositis (<I>P</I>=0.005), but there was no significant intergroup difference in the time of engraftment, nausea/vomiting, acute/chronic graft-versus-host disease, hepatic veno-occlusive disease, or hemorrhagic cystitis. Moreover, the 2 groups showed no significant difference in the cumulative risk of relapse, event-free survival, or overall survival.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>BuFlu administration can be employed as a preparative regimen for allogeneic HSCT and shows efficacy and transplant-adverse effects comparable to those of BuCy. However, randomized prospective studies in more patients are warranted.</P>

High Yielding [18F]Fluorination Method by Fine Control of the Base

Sang Ju Lee,SeungJunOh,지대윤,Dae-Hyuk Moon,Jin-Sook Ryu 대한화학회 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.7

New [18F]F-fluorination methods using a minimized amount of precursor has been developed by controlling the base concentration. In the first method, pre-conditioning of the anion exchange cartridge with K2CO3 solution or water was carried out. The trapped [18F]fluoride on the cartridge was then eluted by KOMs or KOTf solution. [18F]F-Fluorination could be performed without additional base. In the second method, the QMA cartridge was preconditioned with KOMs solutions. Trapped [18F]fluoride on the QMA was then eluted with KOMs and additional base, such as KOH, K2CO3, and KHCO3, was added into the reaction vessel. Method 1 showed a [18F]F-incorporation yield of 20.9% for [18F]FLT synthesis with 5 mg of precursor. Unlike method 1, a [18F]F-incorporation yield of 91.4% was achieved from the same amount of precursor in method 2.

ON A CLASSIFICATION OF WARPED PRODUCT SPACES WITH GRADIENT RICCI SOLITONS

Lee, Sang Deok,Kim, Byung Hak,Choi, Jin Hyuk The Kangwon-Kyungki Mathematical Society 2016 한국수학논문집 Vol.24 No.4

In this paper, we study Ricci solitons, gradient Ricci solitons in the warped product spaces and gradient Yamabe solitons in the Riemannian product spaces. We obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions for the Riemannian product spaces to be Ricci solitons. Moreover we classify the warped product space which admit gradient Ricci solitons under some conditions of the potential function.

Extrahepatic metastasis to the cavernous sinus of skull base in hepatocellular carcinoma

( Sang Jung Kim ),( Hyung Joon Kim ),( Hong Ju Moon ),( Jang Sik Mun ),( Hyun Woong Lee ),( Chang Hwan Choi ),( Jung Uk Kim ),( Jae Hyuk Do ),( Jae Kyu Kim ),( Sae Kyung Chang ) 대한간학회 2007 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.13 No.3(S)

The Role of Microtubule in the Regulation of Endochondral Bone Formation in the Developing Mouse Cranial Base

Hyuk-Jae Kwon(권혁제),Jong-Min Lee(이종민),Kyoung-Won Cho(조경원),Jeong-Oh Shin(신정오),Sung-Won Cho(조성원),Min-Jung Lee(이민정),Han-Sung Jung(정한성) 대한체질인류학회 2011 해부·생물인류학 (Anat Biol Anthropol) Vol.24 No.2

머리뼈바닥의 발생 중에 일어나는 연골속뼈발생은 다양한 세포현상과 연골바탕질 대사가 관여하는 매우 복잡한 과정이다. 연골세포에서는 증식, 형태변화, 증식 종료, 비대, 세포자멸사가 일어나고, 연골세포 주변으로는 연골바탕질이 활발하게 생성되었다가 제거되면서 뼈조직에 의해서 대체됨이 밝혀졌다. 그러나 이러한 복잡한 변화가 일어나는 동안 미세관이 어떠한 역할을 하는지에 대해서는 뚜렷하게 밝혀진 바가 없다. 그러므로 본 연구는 머리뼈바닥 발생 중 연골속뼈발생 동안의 미세관의 역할을 밝히고자 하였다. 미세관의 구성 단백질인 튜불린에 결합하는 약물 노코다졸을 사용하여 머리뼈바닥 조직을 기관배양 함으로써 미세관과 머리뼈바닥 발생의 관계를 조사하였다. 배양된 조직에서 일어나는 형태학적, 분자적 변화를 확인하기 위하여 헤마톡실린-에오신염색, 면역조직화학염색, 세포 개수 계산을 통한 분석이 이루어졌다. 나비뒤통수결합 부위 내의 미세관에 가해진 변화에 의해서 Ki67, 뼈발생표지자 BSP, BMP4의 발현이 감소하였다. 비대층 구역에서는 연골세포의 비대과정이 억제되었고, 뼈발생중심에서는 연골조직의 제거 및 뼈조직의 생성이 억제되었다. 본 연구는 미세관이 연골속뼈발생의 다양한 과정에 관여함을 밝혔다. 이러한 결과는 머리뼈 성장 및 머리뼈 바닥 기형과 관련된 질병을 이해하는 자료로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Endochondral bone formation of the developing cranial base is a complex process. This mechanism requires precise orchestration of many cellular events and cartilage matrix metabolism, such as proliferation, becoming round in shape, termination of proliferation, hypertrophic size-increase, and finally programmed cell death. Active formation and degradation of cartilage matrix take place, in which microtubules are involved for intracellular events; bone apposition follows these events. However, the involvement of microtubules during these changes in the developing cranial base has not been identified yet. Thus, we investigated the involvement of microtubules in the regulation of endochondral bone formation during cranial base development. Using tubulin-binding drug nocodazole, we examined the effects of altering the structure and function of microtubules during in vivo organ culture of the mouse cranial base. Cultured specimens were analyzed with HE staining, immunohistochemistry, and cell counting in order to study the morphological and molecular changes that occurred in the tissues. Disruption of the microtubular array by nocodazole reduced cells expressing proliferation marker Ki67, osteogenic marker BSP, and BMP4 within the sphenooccipital synchondrosis region; chondrocyte hypertrophy was ceased in the hypertrophic zone; degeneration of cartilage matrix and bone matrix apposition was inhibited in the ossification center of the basooccipital cranial base. Our data demonstrated that disruption of microtubules by nocodazole have multiple inhibitory effects on the sequential changes that occur during endochondral bone formation, suggesting the importance of normal microtubule-polymerization in cranial base development.

Portable Amperometric Perchlorate Selective Sensors with Microhole Array-water/organic Gel Interfaces

Sang Hyuk Lee,Hyungi Kim,Hubert H. Girault,이혜진 대한화학회 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.9

A novel stick-shaped portable sensing device featuring a microhole array interface between the polyvinylchloride- 2-nitrophenyloctylether (PVC-NPOE) gel and water phase was developed for in-situ sensing of perchlorate ions in real water samples. Perchlorate sensitive sensing responses were obtained based on measuring the current changes with respect to the assisted transfer reaction of perchlorate ions by a perchlorate selective ligand namely, bis(dibenzoylmethanato)Ni(II) (Ni(DBM)2) across the polarized microhole array interface. Cyclic voltammetry was used to characterize the assisted transfer reaction of perchlorate ions by the Ni(DBM)2 ligand when using the portable sensing device. The current response for the transfer of perchlorate anions by Ni(DBM)2 across the micro-water/gel interface linearly increased as a function of the perchlorate ion concentration. The technique of differential pulse stripping voltammetry was also utilized to improve the sensitivity of the perchlorate anion detection down to 10 ppb. This was acquired by preconcentrating perchlorate anions in the gel layer by means of holding the ion transfer potential at 0 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl) for 30 s followed by stripping the complexed perchlorate ion with the ligand. The effect of various potential interfering anions on the perchlorate sensor was also investigated and showed an excellent selectivity over Br−, NO2 −, NO3 −, CO3 2−, CH3COO− and SO4 2− ions. As a final demonstration, some regional water samples from the Sincheon river in Daegu city were analyzed and the data was verified with that of ion chromatography (IC) analysis from one of the Korean-certified water quality evaluation centers.