서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)

김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.

열공형과 비열공형 피질하 혈관성 치매에서 위험인자의 차이에 관한 비교 연구

배희준,정지향,유경호,나덕렬,김상윤,최경규,양동원,손의주,이상도,김재우,박경원,김응규,이재홍,박미영,한일우,함동석,최문성,하충건,최성혜,이애영,이병철,한설희 대한치매학회 2003 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.2 No.2

Backgrounds and Objectives: Vascular dementia is a group of dementing disoders arising from various stroke syndrome. Among these. subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) is regarded as a relatively distinct clinical entity. However, MRI patterns of SIVD are not homogenous. In some patients, lacunes are dominant, and in others, subcortical white matter changes are. This study was designed to compare risk factor profiles between SIVD with and without multiple lacunes. Methods: We divided 47 subjects (22 males, mean age. 68 years) recruited from VADAPET (Multicenter Trial For Evaluation Of The Changes In the PET Images Of Subcortical Vascular Dementia Patient) study into two groups one with more than 5 lacunes in deep gray matter (lacune group) and the other with 5 or less(non-lacune group) Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of two groups were compared. Results: Nineteen of 47 patients (40%) belonged to the lacune group. The lacune and non-lacune groups d d not differ in the following variables: age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia heart disease, history of stroke or TIA, history of trauma or major surgery, family history of hypertension stroke, or dementia, age at diagnosis of dementia, body mass index, white blood cell count, ESR, CRP, fibrinogen, hemoglobin A1C, total cholesterol. LDL cholesterol creatinine, proteinuria, glucosuria, and microhematuria. However, male sex, smoking alcohol. hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were possibly associated more with lacune group SIVD than with non-lacune group (p<0 1) Multivariate analyses revealed that smoking, hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were independent predictors of SIVD with multiple lacunes Conclusion: Our study suggests that SIVD with multiple lacunes may be significantly different in smoking habits hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol from SIVD without multiple lacunes.

비중을 높인 경량기포콘크리트의 내동해성

이범재,황의환,노재성,홍성수 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1996 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.11 No.2

The effect of particle size of Al powder and water repellent agent on frost resistance, absorption ratio and structure of micropore was examined to improve the physical properties and durability of ALC. The compressive strength and the tensile strength are increased and independent of water repellent agent when the specific gravity is increased in the range from 0.4 to 0.7. According as the added amount of water repellent agent was increased, frost resistance was improved and absorption ratio was decreased. ALC produced from fine Al powder has a low volume reduction by scaling and a sound apperance after freezing/thawing test and top surface freezing test. The results from this research can be expected to be utilized for stabilization and growth of ALC industry.

압력 저속 냉동 방법의 쥐 치아 치주인대세포 보존 효율 평가

이영은,김의성,김진,한승훈,이승종 大韓齒科保存學會 2009 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.34 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 흰 쥐의 상악 대구치를 발거한 후 치주인대세포를 압력을 이용한 저속 냉동 보관법으로 냉동 보관시 치주인대세포의 활성도를 저속 냉동법, 냉장 보관법과 비교하여 평가하고자 하였다. 생후 4주된 암컷 Sprague-Dawley계 흰쥐의 상악 좌우제 1, 2 대구치를 발거하여 각 군 당 18개의 쥐 치아를 MTT, WST-1 검색에 이용하였다. 실험군은 4개군으로 대조군은 즉시 발치군이며, 4℃ 냉장고에 일주일간 보관한 냉장군, 발치 후 동해방지제 처리과정을 거쳐 4℃에서 -35℃까지 -0.5℃/min 속도로 서서히 냉동시킨 뒤 -196℃에 냉동한 저속냉동군 3MPa의 압력을 가하고 -0.5℃/min 속도로 4℃에서 -35℃까지 서서히 냉동시킨 뒤 -196℃에 냉동한 압력 저속 냉동군으로 나누었다. 보존액은 F medium을 사용했으며 동해방지제로 10% dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO)를 사용하였다. 일주일 후 해동하여 MTT, WST-1 검색을 시행한 뒤 치근면을 단위면적으로 표준화하기 위해 MTT, WST-1 측정값을 Eosin 염색 후 530nm에서 측정한 흡광도 값으로 나누었다. 통계 분석을 위해 one way ANOVA를 시행하였으며 사후 검정으로는 Tukey 방법을 사용하였고 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. MTT 검색에 의한 흡광도를 Eosin 염색 후 측정한 흡광도로 나눈 값에서는 압력 저속 냉동군은 즉시 발치군보다 유의성 있게 세포 활성도가 낮았으나(p<0.05), 저속 냉동군이나 냉장군과 비교할 때는 높은 세포 활성도를 보이며 통계적 유의성이 있었다(p<0,05). 2. WST-1검색에 의한 흡광도를 Eosin 염색 후 측정한 흡광도로 나눈 값에서도 MTT 검색과 마찬가지로 압력 저속냉동군에서는 즉시 발치군보다 유의성 있게 세포 활성도가 낮았으나(p<0.05), 저속 냉동군이나 냉장군과 비교할 때는 높은 세포 활성도를 보이며 통계적 유의성이 있었다(p<0.05). 위의 결과를 통해, 3MPa(30기압) 압력을 이용한 저속 냉동 보관법은 4℃ 냉장법이나 압력을 사용하지 않은 다른 냉동 보관법에 비해 우수한 쥐 치아의 치주인대세포의 활성도를 보여 차후 치아의 재식/이식을 위한 중-장기 치아보관을 위한 방법으로의 가능성을 제시하였다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the viability of periodontal ligament cells in rat teeth using slow cryo-preservation method under pressure by means of MTT assay and WST-1 assay. Eighteen teeth of Sprague-Dawley white female rats of 4 week-old were used for each group. Both sides of the first and second maxillary molars were extracted as atraumatically as possible under Tiletamine anesthesia. The experimental groups were group 1 (Immediate control), group 2 (Cold preservation at 4℃ for 1 week), group 3 (Slow freezing), group 4 (Slow freezing under pressure of 3 MPa). F-medium and 10% DMSO were used as preservation medium and cryo-protectant. For cryo-preservation groups, thawing was performed in 37℃ water bath, then MTT assay and WST-1 assay were processed. One way ANOVA and Tukey method were performed at the 95% level of confidence. The values of optical density obtained by MTT assay and WST-1 were divided by the values of eosin staining for tissue volume standardization. In both MTT and WST-1 assay, group 4 showed significantly higher viability of periodontal ligament cells than group 2 and 3 (p < 0.05), but showed lower viability than immediate control group. By the results of this study, slow cryo-preservation method under pressure suggests the possibility for long term cryo-preservation of the teeth.

Streptococcus mutans를 이용한 근관 치료 후 포스트 와동 형성 전후의 치관부 누출에 관한 연구

이효안,김의성 大韓齒科保存學會 2005 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.30 No.1

본 실험에서는 근관 충전 후 Streptococcus mutans를 이용하여 포스트 와동 형성 전후의 근관부미세 누출을 비교하였다. 40개의 발치된 치아를 치근단의 길이가 14 mm가 되도록 치관부를 제거한 뒤, 06 taper Profile(R)로 MAF 크기가 $이 되게 근관 확대를 시행하였다. 근관 확대 후 continuous wave technique으로 근관 충전을 시행하였다. 실험군은 다음과 같다. 1군은 양성 대조군으로 sealer 없이 근관 충전 하였다. 2군은 음성 대조군으로 sticky wax로 치근면을 완전히 막았다. 3군은 근관 충전 후 전체 길이를 14 mm로 유지하였다. 4군은 근관 충전 후 거타퍼치를 5 mm 길이로 남겨두고 포스트 와동을 형성하였다. 치근을 플라스틱 튜브 안에 위치시켜 치근첨은 Andrade's indicator가 첨가되어 있는 BHI 배지에 접촉되도록 하고 상부에서는 bacteria가 유입되도록 하였다. 실험군 3에서의 색변화는 평균 27.2일 만에 일어났으며 포스트 와동 형성한 4군은 평균 15.7일만에 색변화가 일어났으며 3군과 4군 사이에 통계학적으로 유의차를 나타내었다(P = 0.0007). The purpose of present study was to compare the speed of coronal leakage before and after post space preparation using Streptococcus mutans. Forty straight extracted human teeth were selected. The crowns were removed to a uniform remaining root length 14 mm. Canals were enlarged by 06 taper taper Profile(R) to a size $ as a master apical file. And these were filled with gutta percha point and Tubuliseal(R) sealer, using continuous wave technique. Groupings are as follows. Group 1 - These teeth were obturated without sealer. Group 2 - These teeth were obturated and covered the surface of the root completely with sticky wax. Group 3 - These teeth were obturated. Group 4 - These teeth were obturated and prepared for post space remaining 5 mm of gutta percha. The teeth were suspended in plastic tubes. The upper chamber received the bacterial suspension everyday to simulate clinical situation. The lower chamber consisted of BHI added Andrade's indicator. All roots in the positive control group (Group 1) turned yellow within 24 h and those of negative control group (Group 2) remained red throughout the experimental period (70 days) The samples of group 3 were contaminated within an average of 27.2 days. The samples of group 4 were contaminated within an average of 15.7 days, ranging from 9 to 22 days. There was significant difference between group 3 and group 4 statistically (p < 0.05).

短期所得林産物 市場接近物量의 輸入管理制度 改善方案

金義慶,鄭秉憲,李聖淵,朱麟源 한국산림경제학회 2002 산림경제연구 Vol.10 No.2

본 연구는 밤, 잣, 대추에 대하여 이루어지고 있는 최소시장접근물량에 대한 수입관리제도의 문제점을 살펴보고 그 개선방안을 도출하는데 목적이 있다. 주요 결과를 보면 밤의 경우 1995년 이후 평균 10%정도의 낮은 수입이행률을 보이고 있으며, 잣의 경우 환율 급변에 의한 환차손으로 수입관리기관이 손해를 보거나 시장조절기능도 미약하다는 문제점을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 수입관리방식은 잣의 경우 현재의 국영무역에서 수입권공매방식으로, 밤의 경우 현재의 수입권공매방식을 선착순배정방식이나 수입허가제방식으로 바꾸는 것이 바람직한 것으로 분석되었다. 또한, 수입시기를 국내산 성출하시기를 피하여 수입하는 것이 바람직하며, 수입냉동품, 세관검사 및 저가신고에 대한 적절한 수입관리대책도 필요한 것으로 나타났다. The objectives of this study are to analyze the problems of import administration system for minimum market access of chestnut, Korean pine nut and jujube, and suggest its improvement measures. Major findings are as follows : The fill rate of minimum market access for chestnut was very low of about 10% since 1995. The import administration agency of Korean pine nut suffered the loss from abrupt exchange rate change and had weak market control, Therefore it was suggested that Quota Auction System is better than current State Trading System for Korean pine nut, and First-Come First-Served System or Import License System is better than current Quota Auction System for chestnut. And it is desirable to import during the period beyond the main harvesting season for domestic products, and needed to construct the adequate aministration measures for forzed product import, customs examination and low price declaration.

이산화질소의 연직분포 특성에 관한 연구

전의찬,이성기 조선대학교 환경연구소 1991 環境公害硏究 Vol.8 No.-

Recently, a number of high-rise buildings have been constructed in big cities such as Seoul. The air pollution levels at these buildings are expected to be generally different from those at the ground level. The purpose of this study is to show the vertical distribution of nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)) in Seoul City. The concentration of NO_(2) with height were measured at the Korea Exhibition(KOEX) building(54 stories), one of the new high storied buildings. At the same time, the vertical variation of the temperature were measured and the effect of the atmospheric stability on the vertical distribution of air pollutants was analyzed. The result are as follows; 1) In the morning. the minimum concentration was found at 50m above the ground, and the maximum value at the ground level and 110m above the ground. In the afternoon, the minimum value was found at 110m above the ground, and the maximum value at 50m above the ground. At night, the minimum value was found at 50m above the ground, and the maximum value at 160m above the ground. 2) The minimum value of daily average concentration was found at 50m above the ground, and the maximum value at the ground level and 160m above the ground. 3) The daily variation of air pollution concentration turned out to have a close relationship with the atmospheric stability. The NO_(2) concentration was higher in the morning exceeding the long-term air quality standard.

폐FRP 미분말을 재활용한 PAE 폴리머 모르타르의 물리적 특성

황의환,길덕수,노재성,이병기 공주대학교 자원재활용 신소재 연구센터 2002 센터사업 성과집 Vol.- No.1

In order to recycle the FRP wastes from SMC bathtubes, polymer-modified mortars containing a fine powder of fiber-rainforced plastics(FRP) as a part of the sand were prepared with various FRP replacements for sand and polymer cement rations. The polymer modifier used was polyacrylic ester(PAE) emulsion. The FRP waste fine powder was obtained by pulverizing FRP wastes. The water-cement ratio, compressive and flexural strength, water absorption and hot water immersion of the mortar were tested and the results compared to those of ordinary cement mortal and polymer-cement mortal. As the results, compressive and flexural strengths of ordinary portland cement mortars containing FRP wastes fine powder were remarkably decreased with an increase of a content of FRP wastes fine powder. But those strengths of ordinary portland cement mortars were greatly improved by adding PAE emulsion. When the replacement ratios of FRP wastes fine powder and adding rations of PAE emulsion were 5, 10, 20wt% and fine powder were showed as much those strengths of ordinary portland cement mortar. Otherwise heat curing of PAE-modified mortar containing FRP wastes fine powder accelerated the improvement of early compressive and flexural strengths. But the compressive and flexural strengths of PAE-modified mortar containing FRP wastes fine powder were remarkably decreased after hot water immersion test.

흰쥐 치아 재식 후 치수 치유 양상의 조직학적 관찰

고은진,정한성,김의성,정일영,이승종 大韓齒科保存學會 2010 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.35 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 흰 쥐 (rat) 를 이용하여 미성숙 단계의 치아를 발치 후 즉시 재식 하였을 때 나타나는 치수의 치유 양상을 조직학적으로 관찰하고자 하는 것이다. 생후 4주된 암컷 Sprague-Dawley 계 흰쥐의 상악 우측 제1대 구치를 발거 후 원래의 치조골와 내로 위치시켰다. 재식 후 3일째부터 국소적으로 치수 내 염증 소견이 관찰되었으나, 치근 부위에서는 이미 치수의 재혈관화 및 치유가 진행되고 있는 소견이 관찰되었다. 재식 후 5일째 부터는 odontoblast-like cell이 관찰되기 시작하였다. 삼차 상아질의 형성은 재식 후 1주째 부터 관찰되기 시작하였으며, 2주째부터는 확실히 관찰할 수 있었다. Odontoblast-like cell 및 삼차상아질 형성은 4주째 까지도 계속 관찰되었다. 재식 후 4주째에는 bone-like tissue 및 cementum-like tissue이 형성되었음을 관찰하였다. 본 실험을 통하여 흰 쥐 치아 재식시 석회화 과정은 초기에는 삼차상아질 침착에 의해서 진행되나, 시간이 경과하면서 점차 bone-like tissue 또는 cementum-like tissue가 차지하는 비율이 증가하는 것을 관찰하였다. The objective of this study was to observe the histology of dental pulp healing after tooth replantation in rats. The maxillary right first molars of 4-week-old rat were extracted. and then the teeth were repositioned in the original socket. At 3 days after replantation. there was localized inflammatory reaction. But, pulp revasculization and healing had already begun in the root area. At 5 days after replantation. odonto blast-like cells were observed. Tertiary dentin deposition was observed beneath the pulp-dentin border from 1 week after replantation. And tertiary dentin was increased at 2 weeks after replantation. The presence of odontoblast-like cells and the formation of tertiary dentin were continued to 4 weeks after replantation. At 4 weeks after replantation. the deposition of bone-like tissues and cementum-like tissues was observed. This results show that there is a possibility of pulp healing after tooth replantation in rats and the mineralization of tooth can progress. The mineralization of tooth after replantation was initially occurred by the deposition of tertiary dentin. but as time passed. the deposition of bone-like tissues and cementum-like tissues was begun and increased.

구강 외 노출시간에 따른 흰쥐 치아 치주인대세포 활성도의 MTT 검색법을 이용한 평가

전인수,김의성,김진,이승종 대한치과보존학회 2006 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.31 No.5

본 연구의 목적은 MTT 검색법을 이용하여 흰쥐 상악 대구치를 발거한 후 실온의 건조 상태에서의 시간 변화에 따른 쥐 치아 치근면의 치주인대 세포 활성도를 측정함과 동시에 냉동 절단법을 이용한 조직학적인 관찰 결과를 토대로 하여 MTT검색법이 유용한지를 검증하고자 하였다. 생후 4주된 암컷 Sprague-Dawley계 흰쥐 80마리를 이용하여 β-APN 전처치 후 상악 제 1 & 2 대구치를 모두 발거 하였다. 이들 치아를 즉시 혹은 10, 20, 40, 60분 동안 실온에서 건조 시킨 후 치아 자체를 MTT용액에 저장한 다음 흡광도 측정을 이용한 정량적 분석과 동시에 냉동 절단법을 이용하여 조직을 관찰하였다. MTT 검색에 의한 흡광도 값에 있어 즉시 처치군과 10분 건조군 사이에는 통계학적인 유의차가 없었다 (p>0.05). 그러나, 즉시 처치군 및 10분 건조군은 20분과 40분 및 60분 건조군과 비교시 통계학적인 유의차를 보였다 (p<0.05). 또한, 20분 건조군도 40분 및 60분 건조군 과의 군 간 비교에서 각각 통계학적인 유의차를 보였다 (p<0.05). 그러나, 40분 건조군과 60분 건조군 사이에는 통계학적인 유의차를 보이지 않았다. 조직학적 관찰에서 시간 경과에 따라 crystal의 모양과 분포 및 수에서 확연히 구별되는 특징적인 양상을 보여주었다. 즉시 및 10분 건조 군에서는 가시모양의 crystal이 전 치주인대부위 조직과 치수 내에 밀도 높게 골고루 폭넓게 퍼져 있었으나 20분 이상 건조 군에서부터는 치주인대와 치수 부위 조직 모두에서 crystal 결정체 수가 급격히 감소하는 양상을 보였다. 이번 실험의 결과를 종합적으로 분석해보면 MTT 흡광도 측정값과 냉동 절단법을 이용한 시편의 MTT 염색 관찰 소견 결과를 서로 비교 했을때 상당히 밀접한 상관 관계가 있음을 보였다. The purpose of this study was to verify the usefulness of MTT analysis as a tool of measurement of the periodontal ligament cell viability from the extracted rat molar. A total of 80 Sprague-Dawley white female rat of 4 week-old with a body weight of 100 grams were used. The maxillary left and right, first and second molars were extracted under Ketamine anesthesia. Twenty-four teeth of each group (divided as five groups depending upon the time-lapse after extraction such as immediate, 10, 20, 40 and 60 minutes) were immersed in 200 μl of MTT solution (0.5 mg/ml) and processed for optical density measurements . Another 10 teeth of each group were treated as same as above and sectioned at 10 ㎛ for microscopic examination All measurements values were divided by the value of hematoxylin-eosin staining which represented the volume of each corresponding samples. Immediate and 10 minute groups showed highest MTT values followed by 20, 40, and 60 minutes consecutively. Statistical significance (p < 0.05) existed between all groups except in immediate versus 10 minute groups and 40 versus 60 minutes. Histological findings also showed similar findings with MTT results in crystal shape and crystal numbers between the experimental groups. These data indicate that in vivo MTT analysis may be of value for evaluation of the periodontal ligament cell viability without time consuming cell culturing processes.