Isolation and Characterization of Steroids of Nutraceutical Value in Physalis minima

Laxmi N. Misra,Pyare Lal,Devinder Kumar 한국식품영양과학회 2006 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.11 No.2

There is great demand of nutraceutical secondary metabolites in the world so as to feed the population by improving agricultural production with new varieties of food crops but what is still more important is to add nutrition into the food. Physalis minima, plant of Solanaceae family, contain certain secondary metabolites which enhance the over all metabolic functions of the body. Withasteroids are one of such phytochemicals that are generally regarded as safe. These chemicals are almost monopoly of the plants of Solanaceae. The leaves, stem and roots of P. minima have been examined to yield several steroids, identification of which has been discussed in this paper. These withasteroids contribute to the potential nutraceutical and health function value since incorporation of withanolides in the diet may prevent or decrease the growth of tumors in humans.

Expression, Purification, and Characterisation of Nesiritide Using an E. coli Expression System

Laxmi S. Rao,Milind P. Niphadkar,Dinesh Paliwal,Rakesh Shekhawat,Aruna G. Khare,S. Uma,Priti Thakur,Anjali Chutke,Neelesh Surlikar,Radhika Samant,Sagar Zawar 한국생물공학회 2011 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.16 No.4

Nesiritide, the recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide, is involved in the regulation of cardiovascular homeostasis and has been approved for treatment of patients with congestive heart failure. We prepared a synthetic cDNA construct of Nesiritide to generate a fusion protein with an affinity handle and 41 amino acid peptide of β-galactosidase. The fusion protein was expressed mainly in the inclusion bodies and accounted for approximately 20% of total cellular protein. After purification by Ni-IDA affinity chromatography and renaturation, the fusion protein was cleaved with purified recombinant enterokinase. Nesiritide was purified by pH precipitation/ion exchange chromatography followed by source phenyl chromatography to obtain protein with > 99% purity (determined by RPHPLC)and a mass of 3,464 Daltons. The potency (ED_(50))of the purified protein was equivalent to that of Natrecor (Innovator formulation). Analytical methods were developed to identify oxidised, reduced and other related impurities. The expression strategy described in this work allows the convenient generation of high yield Nesiritide and enabled ease of purification.

Subcritical water extraction of Gracilaria chorda abbreviates lipid accumulation and obesity-induced inflammation

Laxmi Sen Thakuri,Chul Min Park,Jin Woo Park,Hyeon-A Kim,Dong Young Rhyu 한국조류학회I 2023 ALGAE Vol.38 No.1

Obesity-induced inflammation is crucial in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. In this study, we investigated the effects of the Gracilaria chorda (GC) on lipid accumulation and obesity-induced inflammatory changes or glucose homeostasis in cell models (3T3-L1 adipocytes and RAW 264.7 macrophages). Samples of GC were extracted using solvents (water, methanol, and ethanol) and subcritical water (SW) at different temperatures (90, 150, and 210°C). The total phenolic content of GCSW extract at 210°C (GCSW210) showed the highest content compared to others, and GCSW210 highly inhibited lipid accumulation and significantly reduced gene expressions of peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-γ, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, and fatty acid synthase in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In addition, GCSW210 effectively downregulated the pro-inflammatory cytokine regula tor pathways in RAW 264.7 macrophages, including mitogen-activated protein kinase, signal transducers and activators of transcription and nuclear factor-κB. In co-culture of 3T3-L1 adipocytes and RAW 264.7 macrophages, GCSW210 significantly reduced nitric oxide production and interleukin-6 levels, and improved glucose uptake with dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that GCSW210 improves glucose metabolism by attenuating obesity-induced inflammation in adipocytes, which may be used as a possible treatment option for managing obesity and associated metabolic disorders.

Analyzing the risk related to climate change attributes and their impact, a step towards climate-smart village (CSV): a geospatial approach to bring geoponics sustainability in India

Laxmi Goparaju,Firoz Ahmad 대한공간정보학회 2019 Spatial Information Research Vol.27 No.6

The paper deals with various thematic parameters such as agriculture crop scenario (2000, 2010), water stress, precipitation trend and deficit, climate-induced risk towards crops, drought-prone area, suicide attributes of farmers, agro-ecological regions, prediction of future (2050) precipitation and temperature variation during kharif and rabi seasons of India and their spatial pattern were analyzed in GIS for better understanding of climate change. The analysis revealed about the need of synergic approach/strategies to address the impact of climate change. Few of the Climate-smart villages (CSVs) projects of India were discussed here based on their approach, achievement, and limitation. The CSV conceptual strategies are fully based on climate smart agriculture potentiality to achieve sustainability in food security, enhancing the livelihood, eradication of poverty and magnifying the farm household resilience. The climate-induced high and very high risk to the crops areas were found dominated in the arid and semi-arid regions which will be challenged in future due to water stress, inadequate irrigation facility, increasing trend of temperature and variation in precipitation pattern. The hotspot districts of farmer’s suicide were very significant in climate-induced very high risk zone and majority of them falls in the drought-prone areas/extremely high to high water-stressed areas which leads to crop failure. There is a need to formulate a concrete policy, legal, and institutional actions addressing the farmers problem significantly at country, state, district and village levels which will support investment/technology/guideline in and adoption of Climate-smart village (CSV) practices after seeing the socio-economic background (poverty/ tribes/backward class) of them.

Tree cover percent investigation with respect to geographical area, vegetation types, agro ecological regions and in agriculture landscape of India: a geospatial approach

Laxmi Goparaju,Firoz Ahmad 대한공간정보학회 2020 Spatial Information Research Vol.28 No.1

This study has utilized the remote sensing and GIS datasets such as tree cover, harmonized land cover, agriculture mask and ancillary source of India for better comprehension of tree cover percent distribution in geographical territory/vegetation classes/agro-ecological zones/agriculture landscapes. The study revealed in the year 2000 the forest area in India was 15.4% of the total geographical area. Furthermore, the total agriculture area in India (including single/double/continuous/rainfed area) for the year 2000 was found 63% of the total geographical area and approximately 10% of the agriculture land retains at least 10% of tree cover which is roughly one-fourth of the total global average. The mean tree cover distribution in various vegetation types was found highest (76.4%) in the category of ‘‘Tropical and sub-tropical mountain forests, broadleaved, evergreen [1000 m’’. The vegetation category ‘‘Tropical mixed deciduous and dry deciduous forests’’ occupied high area percent (14.4%) and showed significantly low mean tree cover percent (15.1%). The tree cover percent analysis in various agro-ecological zones of India showed high mean tree cover in those zones where the rainfall is significantly high and soil fertility is adequate such as the categories ‘‘North Eastern Hills’’ (62.5%), ‘‘Eastern Himalayas’’ (60.0%) and ‘‘Western Ghats and Coastal Plain’’ (30.70%).

A Critical Analysis of Congestion Adaptive Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks

Laxmi Shrivastava,G. S. Tomar 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.9 No.6

Congestion in mobile ad hoc networks leads to transmission delays and packet losses and causes wastage of time and energy on recovery. In the current designs, routing is not congestion adaptive. Routing may let a congestion happen which is detected by congestion control, but dealing with congestion in this reactive manner results in longer delay and unnecessary packet loss and requires significant overhead if a new route is needed. This problem becomes more visible especially in large-scale transmission of heavy traffic such as multimedia data, where congestion is more probable and the negative impact of packet loss on the service quality is of more significance. Routing should not only be aware of, but also be adaptive to, network congestion. Routing protocols which are adaptive to the congestion status of a mobile ad hoc network can greatly improve the network performance. Many protocols which are congestion aware and congestion adaptive have been proposed. In this paper, we present a survey of congestion adaptive routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks.

Extruded black gram flour: Partial substitute for improving quality characteristics of Indian traditional snack

Laxmi Ananthanarayan,Yogesh Gat,Vikas Kumar,Anil Panghal,Narinder Kaur 한국식품연구원 2018 Journal of Ethnic Foods Vol.5 No.1

Background During extrusion of black gram flour, formation of amylose-lipid complexes lowers down the gelatinization enthalpy of extrudates, and the partially gelatinized black gram starch leads to lowering down the water-holding capacity and alters functional properties resulting in changing quality attributes of the end product on frying/microwaving/roasting. Methods Attempts have been made to improve the quality of an Indian traditional snack (e.g., papad) by incorporating extruded black gram flour as partial substitute for raw (unextruded) black gram flour. In present work, overall quality improvement was achieved by analyzing prefrying and postfrying characteristics (diameter, moisture content, expansion ratio, oil uptake, texture, and color) of papad and physical properties (color and viscosity) of fried oil. Results Four different papad samples were prepared (control papads without addition of papadkhar, papads with use of 3% papadkhar, papads with incorporation of extruded black gram flour at 25% concentration, papads with incorporation of extruded black gram flour at 50% concentration along with 1% papadkhar) and analyzed along standard market sample. Incorporation of extruded black gram flour in papad resulted in greater expansion with less oil uptake in fried papad. Further addition of extruded black gram flour permitted the use of lower concentration of papadkhar. After frying, the quality of oil was characterized after numerous frying cycles. Conclusion Oil used for frying of papads containing highest concentration of papadkhar was effective only up to two frying cycles, after which color and viscosity increased significantly, adversely affecting the quality of fried oil.

A Study of Tourism Sector on Employment Creation and Income Generation in Pokhara Valley of Nepal

( Laxmi Kanta Sharma ) 전남대학교 지역개발연구소 2018 지역개발연구 Vol.50 No.1

This paper discusses how the investment on tourism sector created direct employment opportunities in Pokhara valley. The type of business, frequency of tourist visits; time and size of employment, investmentand location information have been brought under consideration in the study. Initial survey was carried out through person to person interviews in respondent's homes and offices in all business households of Pokhara valley in the year 2009 whereas a short-term follow up survey was conducted with some key informants and major stakeholders in the year 2017. A few government officials, major stakeholders and key persons of the different business associations were also asked questions in a follow up survey about the trend of employment and income generation through tourism in July 2017. The result of initial survey reported that total annual income generation from tourism related business is Rs. 2699.75 million. In average, with every million Rupees of investment on Hotel and Lodge, the employment of 13.66 persons can be generated. Likewise, Banks and Financial institutions also create employment of 13.34 persons with the same level of investment. The total direct employment generated by the tourism industry in Pokhara is 12343. Fooding and Lodging business occupies 54.64 percentage of employment, institutional sources occupy 17.52 percent, retail trade businesses occupy 14.53 percent, tourist product businesses occupy 7.38 percent and travel related business occupies only 5.37 percent share. It was reported that there are more than 1908 households directly involved in tourism related business. The opinions of the key informants and stakeholders involved in the survey of 2017 revealed that there is an increment of number of business households by 43.8% in comparison to 2009 and Employment created by those businesses was 85.29% more than the survey of 2009. Finally, the result shows that the additional investment on retail trade business and tourist product business also has high potential to generate more employment opportunities. The study also shows that there has been a tremendous increase in number of tourists and businesses due to which very big size of investments have been made in the industry.

Knowledge of Adolescent Girls Regarding Nutrition Required for Reproductive Health

Laxmi Rana,Pramod Kumari Nayak 한국간호과학회 2007 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.11

Extracts of abalone intestine regulates fat metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high fat dietinduced zebrafish larvae

Laxmi Sen Thakuri,Chul Min Park,Jin Yeong Choi,Hyeon-A Kim,Han Kyu Lim,Jin Woo Park,Dong Wook Kim,Dong Young Rhyu 한국수산과학회 2024 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.27 No.2

Obesity is a disease involving mechanisms of fat accumulation, low-grade inflammatory cytokine release, and mitochondrial dysfunction. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of abalone intestine extract on fat metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high fat diet-induced zebrafish larvae. The total phenol content was highest in subcritical water extract at 210℃ (SW210) among hot water, ethanol, and subcritical water extracts of abalone intestine. In addition, SW210 of male abalone intestine (MASW210) most effectively controlled the lipid accumulation and expression of adipogenic or lipogenic regulators (PPAR-γ, C/EBPα, SREBP-1c, and FAS) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Likewise, in zebrafish larvae fed high fat, MASW210 significantly suppressed body weight, glucose levels, and lipid accumulation. The mRNA expression related to adipogenesis (PPAR-γ and C/EBPα), lipogenesis (SREBP-1c and FAS), inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6), energy m/;.etabolism (AMPK, lepr, SIRT1, and adiponectin), and mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α and CPT-1) were significantly regulated by treatment with MASW210. These results suggest that abalone intestine extract such as MASW210, are useful biomaterials for improving obesity and metabolic diseases.