Transmission of Shared Tendencies in Contemporary Japanese Architecture

KIM LAWRENCE BYOUNG 대한건축학회지회연합회 2019 대한건축학회연합논문집 Vol.21 No.3

Department of Architecture, Pusan National University (Corresponding author, Email: lawrence.b.kim@gmail.com) This work was supported by a 2-year Research Grant of Pusan National University. Over the past two decades after the collapse of the bubble economy, Japanese architecture emerged onto the international stage as one of the most influential in contemporary architecture. However, its emergence to a position of such acclaim is intriguing in that unlike the past generations of architects in the modern era, the leading Japanese architects practicing today do not share a strong paradigm nor operate as a cohesive group. Nonetheless, there exists lineage of relationships and cross-pollination of ideas which have developed into shared architectural tendencies. The similar architectural sensibility is particularly evident in the younger generation of architects who have established their practice in the years following the collapse of the bubble economy. These generations of practitioners show tendencies to strive for diagrammatic quality, flimsy and light minimalism, and two-dimensional spatiality in their work. Distinctive qualities which are increasingly being identified with the leading architects practicing in Japan currently. The critical examination of the selected works produced by the architects reveals certain paradoxical ideas appears to be at work. First, utilizing what is a fundamentally explanatory device, diagram, as a performative device and the end goal. Second, striving for minimalistic aesthetics of utmost simplicity which require complex and extraordinary levels of work. Third, striving for two-dimensional spatiality in what is a three-dimensional discipline in its core. While such seemingly arbitrary and stylistic inclinations have attracted some criticism, such inclinations appear to have been shaped by the cultural sensibility, societal change, and needs of an era.

CHAPTER 3 : THE UNITED STATES AND THE UNITED NATIONS PROPER PRUDENCE - OR A NEW FAILURE OF NERVE ?

Lawrence S . Finkelstein 고려대학교 평화연구소 1995 UNKPNA Vol.- No.-

21st Challenges to Latin America and New Perspectives : Session 1 / Issues on Contemporary Latin America ; Political and Social Constraints on Economic Restructuring in Latin America

(Lawrence S . Graham) 한국라틴아메리카학회 2000 한국라틴아메리카학회 2000 년 국제학술대회 Vol.- No.-

15. ENTEROVIRUS REMOVAL BY A FULL - SCALE TERTIARY TREATMENT PLANT

Lawrence Y . C . Leong,David G . Argo,R . Rhodes Trussell 大韓環境工學會 1983 대한환경공학회지 Vol.5 No.1

Thinking against the Temptations of Simplicity

Lawrence Grossberg 연세대학교 영어영문학과 BK21 Plus 사업단 2020 Situations: Cultural Studies in the Asian Context Vol.13 No.1

This essay considers the weaknesses of contemporary intellectual efforts to come to terms with the felt sense of chaos that increasingly marks the current context. It argues that there are two dimensions that have to be considered: first, the prevalent de-historicization of events, and second, the simplification of the analytic field. Specifically, it addresses how we treat economics, the organization of the political field, and the nature of political judgment. Against these, it proposes more complex and contextual ways of considering these issues, and argues that we must take culture more seriously, especially in the face of the increasingly affective nature of political contestations.

A Current Assessment of Some Extraterritorial Impacts of The Dodd- Frank Act with Special Focus on The Volcker Rule and Derivatives Regulation

Lawrence G. Baxter 은행법학회 2012 은행법연구 Vol.5 No.2

As the world struggles to emerge from the Global Financial Crisis the vision of a harmonious framework of global financial regulation seems as distant as ever. Important progress made by international committees such as the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and the Financial Stability Board notwithstanding, there seem to be increasing signs of unilateral, extraterritorial action by major jurisdictions, including the United States. This paper reviews the framework created by the US financial reforms, in particular anti money laundering provisions, the Volcker Rule and the proposed OTC derivatives margin requirements, and considers some of the dilemmas presented by modern global banking and its concomitant regulation. The conclusion is that we are likely to see more regional reforms that are not necessarily uniform, and that this might not be a bad result, given the complexity of the financial markets and the need to respond flexibly to evolving circumstances.

At Death's Door: Alternaria Pathogenicity Mechanisms

Lawrence, Christopher B.,Mitchell, Thomas K.,Craven, Kelly D.,Cho, Yang-Rae,Cramer, Robert A.,Kim, Kwang-Hyung The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2008 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.24 No.2

The fungal genus Alternaria is comprised of many saprophytic and endophytic species, but is most well known as containing many notoriously destructive plant pathogens. There are over 4,000 Alternaria/host associations recorded in the USDA Fungal Host Index ranking the genus 10th among nearly 2,000 fungal genera based on the total number of host records. While few Alternaria species appear to have a sexual stage to their life cycles, the majority lack sexuality altogether. Many pathogenic species of Alternaria are prolific toxin producers, which facilitates their necrotrophic lifestyle. Necrotrophs must kill host cells prior to colonization, and thus these toxins are secreted to facilitate host cell death often by triggering genetically programmed apoptotic pathways or by directly causing cell damage resulting in necrosis. While many species of Alternaria produce toxins with rather broad host ranges, a closely-related group of agronomically important Alternaria species produce selective toxins with a very narrow range often to the cultivar level. Genes that code for and direct the biosynthesis of these host-specific toxins for the Alternaria alternata sensu lato lineages are often contained on small, mostly conditionally dispensable, chromosomes. Besides the role of toxins in Alternaria pathogenesis, relatively few genes and/or gene products have been identified that contribute to or are required for pathogenicity. Recently, the completion of the A. brassicicola genome sequencing project has facilitated the examination of a substantial subset of genes for their role in pathogenicity. In this review, we will highlight the role of toxins in Alternaria pathogenesis and the use of A. brassicicola as a model representative for basic virulence studies for the genus as a whole. The current status of these research efforts will be discussed.

Neurophysiological Basis of Acupuncture-induced Analgesiad - An Updated Review

Lawrence Leung 사단법인약침학회 2012 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.5 No.6

Acupuncture is an ancient treatment modality that can trace its origins to as far back as 10,000 BC along the banks of the Yellow River in China. It involves the insertion of sharpened objects into specific areas of the body to achieve therapeutic effects. According to the theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, acupuncture modulates the flow of Qi and Xue through the meridians so that the main organs (Zhongs-Fus) will re-establish homeostasis as governed by the laws of Yin-Yang and the Five Elements. In clinical practice, acupuncture is an efficacious treatment for alleviating acute and chronic pain, but a consensus on its underlying mechanisms is still lacking. This article presents an upto-date review of the various neurophysiologic mechanisms that have been proposed to produce acupuncture-induced analgesia.

The Six-Party Talks and the Future Denuclearization and Rehabilitation of North Korea

Lawrence E. Grinter 인하대학교 국제관계연구소 2008 Pacific Focus Vol.23 No.3

The Korean Six-Party Talks focused on North Korea’s nuclear weapons programs reveal contending interests and motives among the participating six governments. Each government has been challenged and several have had to make compromises while nevertheless protecting what it views as its core interests. The Talks are making incremental progress on the “action for action” denuclearization arrangements resulting from the September 2005, and February and October 2007 multilateral agreements. The Talks are also creating the basis for strategic changes in Northeast Asia involving the future rehabilitation of North Korea and, beyond that, possibly a new cooperative security system in the region. The article moves on to analyze three possible strategic outcomes of the Talks: (1) Complete weapons denuclearization of North Korea, a Korean Peace Treaty, the rehabilitation of North Korea, and a new security regime in the region; (2) Partial denuclearization of North Korea amidst ROK engagement with the DPRK as ROK/US deterrence continues; (3) Breakdown of the Talks and DPRK resumption of nuclear weapons production. The paper concludes with recommended policies to encourage outcome.

Chinese Nuclear Doctrine, Weapons and Policies

Lawrence E. Grinter 인하대학교 국제관계연구소 2013 Pacific Focus Vol.28 No.1

As the governments of the United States and Russia reduce their nuclear weapons inventories through negotiated arms control agreements, the Chinese government remains outside this strategic weapons trend while also continuing to modernize the People’s Republic of China (PRC)’s nuclear weapons arsenal. Chinese policy, therefore, presents a number of dilemmas for global arms control. For example, given the PRC’s lack of transparency,could Beijing be secretly building new missiles and warheads inside China’s many miles of tunnels, and going for a first-strike capability or, in keeping with the PRC’s announced doctrine of “minimal deterrence,” is Beijing simply hardening and modernizing the weapons capabilities they already have? This paper explores the public information and the debates about China’s nuclear weapons as well as PRC nuclear proliferation behavior and agreements. The paper concludes with suggestions for encouraging more PRC nuclear transparency with the goal of producing a more stable situation.