Lactobacillus (LA-1) and butyrate inhibits osteoarthrits through controling autophagy and inflammatory cell death in chondrocyte

Keun hyung Cho,Hyun-Sik Na,JooYeon Jhun,Jiyoung Kim,Seung Yoon Lee,Jeong soo Lee,In Gyu Um,Seok Jung Kim,Mi-La Cho 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease that reduces quality of life due to pain caused by persistent joint destruction. In addition, as a representative chronic disease, it causes inflammation and affects immunity, and it is one of the diseases that is difficult to cure, so treatment and improvement methods are urgently needed. In a previous study, we published that LA-1 improves osteoarthritis and has cartilage protection by controlling inflammation. However, it was not known how LA-1 improves osteoarthritis in the body. So in this study, it was confirmed that the administration of LA-1 to the MIA-induced OA rat model reduces the pain threshold, protects cartilage, and regulates inflammation markers in the articular synovium. Additionally, collecting and analyzing the feces of the disease model, it affected the gastrointestinal system and improved the environment of the microbiome. Interestingly, by providing LA-1, it was confirmed that the diversity and abundance of microbiome in the intestine were changed, and that the bacteria that produced SCFAs increased. In addition, daily supply of butyrate, one of the SCFAs produced by certain bacteria, triggers autophagy activation and tends to decrease necroptosis. This suggests that systemic immunity as well as OA is regulated according to changes in the intestinal microbial community, and that activation of autophagy can indirectly reduce abnormal cell death. In addition, assuming that osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disease, cell analysis was performed using splenocyte and blood assuming that the immune system is deteriorated. As a result, both splenocytes and PBMCs confirmed that regulatory T cells increased and Th17 cells decreased. In summary, providing LA-1 leads to increased production of SCFAs by altering the microbes in the intestine. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress the progression of OA and control pain due to OA, and improve an abnormal joint environment by controlling autophagy and necroptosis.

濟州道 民謠의 作曲學的 硏究(Ⅰ) : 音樂構造를 中心으로

羅運榮 연세대학교 대학원 1972 延世論叢 Vol.9 No.1

There is much abifference in musical features of the folk songs between Je-joo Province and the peninsula just as there is a difference in peculiar dialect and folk customs, because Je-joo province is long distance from the peninsula. I have been to Je-joo province three times and I collected and arranged about 400 folk songs of Je-joo province. Because the people of Je-joo island to work hard in order ts conquer the bad geographical circumstances they have many songs which are sung when they work There are work songs in agriculture, stock-raising, fishing, ete. I think that Je-joo work songs have peculiar characteristics. Most of the work songs have strophic Song and a short refrain which contains meaningless exclamatians. The rhythm of the work song is divided into the form of free rhythm and that of fixed, but there is more of the former than the latter. all of them have the pecueior grace note of Je-joo province's and melisma, but, then I suppose that is the Je-joo way. The form of fixed rhythm consist of triple time. The constructed notes are made with diatonic pentatonic scale and the ending note is mostly Re, but sometimes the ending note is Do. The Re-ending scarcely exists in folk songs of the province. All of the "Chang" folk songs are in the form of fixed rhythm and they are similar to the folk cogs of the province with regard to time which is triple time. Je-joo folk songs cansist of triple time (□) like Se- ma-chi, four, time (□) like kut-ku-ri and other irregular times. Notes of "chang" is composed of diatonic pentatonic scale. It's ending is not only Re. Do, but Sol, La. Much "Cang" folk songs which are collected at South-East part of Je-joo by Sung. Eub have Sol-ending and La·ending, because of that I suppose they are influenced by folk song of the peninsula. I suppose the "Chang" folk song which came from the peninsula to Je-joo provnce is same kind folk song of the peninsula, for some of them have old words which we can find out at old Korean literature. "Chang" folk songs in Je-joo province are very important lituature of music for studying old Korean folk songs. When the work songs of Je-joo province, "Hae Nyu No Rai'" and "Bang ae No Rai" specially are sung by many people, they sing these songs by free canon or cross way and they do not sing them together. In this case heterophony is made, so casual harmony derived form. The melodic form of work song in repeated to the under side and sametimes have a free form

Morphometric study on the infraorbital foramen in relation to sex and side of the cranium in northeastern Brazil

Laí,s Carolina Santos Cisneiros de Oliveira,Maria Paula Mendonç,a Silveira,Erasmo de Almeida Jú,nior,Francisco Prado Reis,José,Aderval Aragã,o 대한해부학회 2016 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.49 No.1

Detailed knowledge of the possible anatomical and morphometric variations of the infraorbital foramen (IOF) is important for ensuring safe and successful regional anesthesia, and for avoiding iatrogenic nerve injuries during surgery on the middle third of the face. To conduct a morphometric study on the IOF, correlating this with sex and side of the cranium. Two hundred forty-two crania were used (148 male and 94 female). Measurements were made with the aid of digital calipers with precision to 0.01 mm. Presence of foramina and their multiplicity was also observed. The data were analyzed descriptively and analytically. Statistical significance was stipulated as 5% (P≤0.05). The IOF was found bilaterally in all the crania, and 26 of them presented multiplicity. The distance from the IOF to the anterior nasal spine was greater in males on both sides (P<0.001). Statistical differences between the sexes were also seen in relation to the following morphometric variables: height of the left IOF (P=0.007), width of the right IOF (P=0.004), and width of the left IOF (P=0.008), and the measurements were also larger among males. The IOF was present in all the crania and on both sides. It was morphometrically larger in males, on both sides.

韓國 傳統音樂의 現代化

朴在烈,羅仁容 연세대학교 대학원 1975 延世論叢 Vol.12 No.1

1. It was not untill the end of the nineteenth century that western composers began to concerned about the eastern music. Debussy was the first to hear the sooth eastern Gamelan music at an international exposition in 1889. He noticed differences between the western and eastern music. He found himself much attracted by the eastern music. Composers of eastern countries were also conscious of the distinction of their own national music and began to studs it methodically in an effort to modernize it. 2. In serch of methods of modernizing the Korean traditional music, we have analyzed of western composers' works in the eastern style. We haute also made an analysis of the technique and method of the original creative works of eastern as well as Korean composers. We have performed several distinguished pieces that are described above, and studied the response and opinions of the performers, composers and audience. 3. In the history of the twentieth century music. the thirst new movement was the Impressionism of Debussy that arose against the romantism of nineteenth century, and then atonalism and Neo-classicism. The twentieth century, especially afther World War II, has show us a richer variety in trends of music than anti other in terms of materials and technique. The trends mar be divided as follows; atonal, music concret, electronic synthesizer and mix-media. 4. It is to be noted from this study that there are a few western composers who have been influenced by the eastern music and the eastern conception thereof. Debussy's "La mer 1905" is based on the principle of the Gamelan music which is characterized by the elaborated them and sonority that is largely an admixture of a number of melodic, rhythemic, registral and timbral variants of a single linear movement. E. Varese's concept of music as "organized sound" and of sound as "living matter" is a modern western parellel of a pervasive chinese concept. J. Cage's "4' 33" "was influenced by the Chinese concept of "Zen" which is the philosophy of silence. H. Cowell used the material of Indian music in his "Madras symphony", and that of Japanese music in his "Concerto for Koto and Orchestra, 1964". 5. Since the second world war, Japanese contemporary music was made a remarkable progress. Japanese composers have tried to create a modern style of their own by combining the traditional Japanese material with the western technique. Matsudairaa Yoritsune's "Theme and Variation for Piano and Orchestra" is a piece of modernized A-ak using the three series. Takemitsu, Toru used two Japanese traditional instruments in addition to the regular western orchestra in .his "November step". This piece attracted much attention from composers. Mayuzumi Toshiro(1929) who is a representative Japanese contemporary composer, composed the modernized A-ak "Showa-Tempyo-Raku" for the orchestra of Japanese traditional instruments. In this piece, he thought, the harmonic structure of "Shang" in similar to the tone-cluster of western terminologe. The three composers have had the same purpose in view, even if their methods are different to modernize the Eastern music. 6, Korea has a relatively short history of contemporary music, much due to the social disturbance following world war II and the Korean War (1950-1953). Since the nineteen-sixties, the composers have become more active in their composition. The proposition of this period is "the spirit of the time" and "nationalism". La, un-yung's "Symphony No. 9" is based on the style of Neo-nationalism, Neo-primitivism and pointillism. This work is composed for a few traditional Korean instruments, Chang-ko, Je-keum, Jing, and the western orchestra. The form is the Korean style of "San-jo, Jinyangjo, Joong-mori, etc. With Korean folk rhythem, using the nine special mods, this work is a much modernized Korean style music. Jae-Youl Park's "Sanjo for five instruments" is lased on the free serial technique and proportional notation. Especially the vibrato, glissando and pizzicato of the Flute, Clarinet, Violin and Cello are effective in creating the unique Korean mood. In J. Y. Park's "Fantasy in Space" the composer tried to get the image of Korea, combining the three different medias; slide, dancing and music. In the J.Y Park's "Keyong for percussions and orchestra" the composer tried to invoke the eastern atmosphere of meditation in the first movement. In the second movement, to create the atmosphere of Sanjo, the work employed the original rhythem of San-jo and serie of C. D.F #, Bb using the Korean traditional instruments of the Jango, Unla. The third movement is a variation of the Korean traditional agricultural music. In the In Yong La's "Yung Myung Song, for Kaya-keum, Dae-keum, Flute and Chamber Ensemble", Kaya-keum is changed from the original tuning. Flute is used without headjoint using the traditional notation and graphic notation. This piece indicates the passibility of a new way to compose the piece of combination of Korean traditional instruments and western instruments. In the IsangYun's "Yeak", the composer excellently presented the characteristics of A-ak in the method of accent, trill and glissando with tone cluster using the serial technique. To compose the modernized Korean style music, as describedabove, further studies are required of the method of combination of the Korean material with the contemporary western technique. For this thesis, we had; 1. The first New Music Forum 1) Date : 23 April, 1973, 6:00 P.M. 2) Place : Orchestsra Room, Yonsei University 3) Performer : Yonsei New Music Ensemble 2. The 2nd New Music Forum 1) Datse : 15 November, 1973, 7:00 p.M. 2) Place : Auditorium, Yonsei University 3) Performer : Yonsei New Music Ensemble Korean Navy Percussion Ensemble 3. The exhibition of New Music Compositions. 1) Date : 10-13 rune, 1974 2) Place : Student Hall, Yonsei University.

Autophagic elimination of Trypanosoma cruzi in the presence of metals

Laís Pessanha de Carvalho,Edésio José Tenório de Melo 한국미생물학회 2019 The journal of microbiology Vol.57 No.10

Trypanosoma cruzi is an obligate intracellular parasite transmitted to vertebrate hosts by blood-sucking insects. Molecules present in parasites and mammalian cells allow the recognition and parasite internalization. Metallic ions play an essential role in the establishment and maintenance of hostparasite interaction. However, little is known about how parasites handle with essential and nonessential metal quotas. This study aimed to investigate the influence of metal ions on the biological processes of T. cruzi infected cells. Infected cells were incubated with ZnCl2, CdCl2, and HgCl2 for 12 h and labeled with different specific dyes to investigate the cellular events related to intracellular parasite death and elimination. Infected host cells and parasite’s mitochondria underwent functional and structural disorders, in addition to parasite’s DNA condensation and pH decrease on host cells, which led to parasite death. Further investigations suggested that lysosomes were involved in pH decrease and the double membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum formed vacuoles surrounding damaged parasites, which indicate the occurrence of autophagy for parasite elimination. In conclusion, low concentrations of nonessential and essential metals cause a series of damage to Trypanosoma cruzi organelles, leading to its loss of viability, death, and elimination, with no removal of the host cells.

영산회상의 작곡학적 연구 : 중광지곡을 중심으로

羅運榮 연세대학교 대학원 1970 延世論叢 Vol.7 No.1

Youngsan-Hoesang, meaning the sermon on the mountain of Youngsan, was originally a Buddhist chant, its test being "Yongsan Hoesang Pulposal", that means "Buddha preaching on the mount Youngsan. " It was sung while the priest and congregation walk round the image of Buddha in the court of the temple. But later, the chant, dropping its teat, turned into purely instrumental ensemble to be used to accompany the ritual dance. The structures of the rhythms are organically related; in Sangyoungsan and Joongyoungsan, the styles of its forms are almost same, a half of Sangyoungsan and Joongyoungsan in Garakdulie and ie Sanghyundodurie, Hahyundodurie and Yeumble--two-third of it at 1st, 2nd, 5th, 6th beat and a half of it at 3rd, 4th beat. Taryung, Goonak, Gemyungarakdodurie, Yangchundodurie and Ujo garakdodurie are almost same in their rhythmic structures. The mode of this music can be analyzed as following: Re-mode in Sangyoungsan and Snaghyundodurie, Sol-mode in Joongyoungsan, Garakdodurie, Taryung, Goonak and Ujo Garakdodurie, La-mode in Gemyungarakdodurie and Yangchundodurie, and Sol & Re-mode in Hahyundodurie and Yeumble. The styles of the melodies are slow and long with ornamentation. The old music has more or less fundmental notes, but the present one has added many auxiliary notes to the fundmental notes. Moreover, the auxiliary notes differ slighly, accordiang to provinces and even its performer. There are no peculiar musical style in this music. However, in old notes, repeat form is appeared in Sangyoungsan and Da Capo style is persented in Sangyoungsan Hahyundodurie, Gemyungarakdodurie, Yangchundodurie, Ujo garakdodurie but today, it seems all of these form can not be found. The orchestration of Youngsanhoesang is characterized by its unison.

Uniform in bandwidth rate of convergence of the conditional mode estimate on functional stationary ergodic data

Naâmane Laïb,Djamal Louani 한국통계학회 2016 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.45 No.1

The aim of this paper is to establish the uniform consistency with rate over a bandwidth interval of the kernel conditional mode estimate whenever functional stationary ergodic data are considered. This kind of result is immediately applicable to proving uniform consistency of kernel-type estimators when the bandwidth h is a function of the data or the location x. Notice that our uniform in bandwidth results are the first ones to be established in this setting. Moreover, the ergodic setting offers a more general framework in regards to the practice than the usual mixing structure.

Cinnamon: an aromatic condiment applicable to chronic kidney disease

Moreira Laís de Souza Gouveia,Brum Isabela de Souza da Costa,de Vargas Reis Drielly C. M.,Trugilho Liana,Chermut Tuany R.,Esgalhado Marta,Cardozo Ludmila F. M. F.,Stenvinkel Peter,Shiels Paul G.,Mafra 대한신장학회 2023 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.42 No.1

Cinnamon, a member of the Lauraceae family, has been widely used as a spice and traditional herbal medicine for centuries and hasshown beneficial effects in cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes. However, its effectiveness as a therapeutic intervention forchronic kidney disease (CKD) remains unproven. The bioactive compounds within cinnamon, such as cinnamaldehyde, cinnamicacid, and cinnamate, can mitigate oxidative stress, inflammation, hyperglycemia, gut dysbiosis, and dyslipidemia, which are commoncomplications in patients with CKD. In this narrative review, we assess the mechanisms by which cinnamon may alleviate complicationsobserved in CKD and the possible role of this spice as an additional nutritional strategy for this patient group.

복합시술 모발의 자외선 보호처리에 따른 손상도와 색상 변화

라채숙ㆍ권수애ㆍ이옥규(hae Suk LaㆍSoo Ae KweonㆍOk Kyu Lee) 한국인체미용예술학회 2016 한국인체미용예술학회지 Vol.17 No.1

This study aimed to determine the effects of UV-blocking by the type of UV care agent for complex-treated hair. For this, healthy women’s hair was permed, bleached and dyed, and a Polypeptide Protein Treatment and hair sunscreen agent were applied. After that, changes in the degree of wave formation, hair surface conditions, physical properties of the hair and hair hue were examined by irradiating UVB rays. The analysis results were found as follows: In terms of the degree of wave formation, no difference was observed among UV care agents. In terms of hair surface scale, hair damage was lower when the hair was coated twice as opposed to being coated once regardless of the type of the UV care agent and treatment method. In addition, tensile strength, elongation rate and resilience rate were superior in the hair recoated with the hair sunscreen agent. In contrast, no significant difference was observed among the UV care agents in terms of damage rates. Lightness and reflected light were also high in the hair recoated with the hair sunscreen agent. In addition, the a* value, reflection and dominant wavelength were the highest in the hair with post-treatment coating for the skin while b* value, reflection and degree of irritation was the highest in the hair with post-treatment coating for hair. The said results can be summarized as follows: The UV care agent revealed effective UV-blocking effects by maintaining the wave formation and preventing hair damage. When UV rays were irradiated, the hair for post-treatment product was the most efficient in maintaining hair color.

한국작곡가 연구 9 / 나운영 음악자료 6 : 박경호 자료

홍정수(Jung Soo Hong),나운영기념사업회(La,Un-Yung Foundation) 민족음악학회 2001 음악과 민족 Vol.22 No.-