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Kinetics of Enzymatic Synthesis of L-ascorbyl Acetate by Lipozyme TLIM and Novozym 435
Dong-Hao Zhang,Ya-Qiong Li,Chao Li,Yv-Qin Lv,Yang-L 한국생물공학회 2012 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.17 No.1
L-ascorbyl acetate was synthesized through lipase-catalyzed esterification using Lipozyme TLIM and Novozym 435. Four solvents, including methanol, ethanol,acetonitrile, and acetone were investigated for the reaction,and acetone and acetonitrile were found to be suitable reaction media. The influences of several parameters such as water activity (aw), substrate molar ratio, enzyme loading,and reaction temperature on esterification of Lascorbic acid were systematically and quantitatively analyzed. Through optimizing the reaction, lipase-catalyzed esterification of L-ascorbic acid gave a maximum conversion of 99%. The results from using Lipozyme TLIM and Novozym 435 as biocatalysts both showed that aw was an important factor for the conversion of L-ascorbic acid. The effect of pH value on lipase-catalyzed L-ascorbic acid esterification in acetone was also investigated. Furthermore,results from a kinetic characterization of Lipozyme TLIM were compared with those for Novozym 435, and suggested that the maximum reaction rate for Lipozyme TLIM was greater than that for Novozym 435, while the enzyme affinity for substrate was greater for Novozym 436.
LÜ,, JUNCHANG,AZUMA, YOICHI,DONG, ZHIMING,BARSBOLD, RINCHEN,KOBAYASHI, YOSHITSUGU,LEE, YUONG-NAM Cambridge University Press 2009 Geological magazine Vol.146 No.5
<B>Abstract</B><P>New material of dsungaripterid pterosaurs from the Early Cretaceous of Tatal, western Mongolia, allows the diagnoses of Dsungaripteridae and<I>Noripterus</I>to be amended. All pterosaurs found at Tatal belong to Dsungaripteridae (either<I>Dsungaripterus</I>or<I>Noripterus</I>). The name<I>Phobetor</I>is a junior synonym of<I>Noripterus</I>. The differing shapes of the anterior tips of skulls, differing tooth morphologies and the coexistence of both<I>Dsungaripterus</I>and<I>Noripterus</I>may imply that they occupied distinct ecological niches.</P>
Dong Soo Park,Soo Kwon Park,Bong Chun Lee,Song Yi Song,Nam Soo Jun,Norvie L. Manigbas,Jun Hyun Cho,Min Hee Nam,Jong Seong Jeon,Chang Deok Han,Kyung Jin Choi,Doh Hoon Kim,Young Min W 한국유전학회 2009 Genes & Genomics Vol.31 No.4
The rice embryo is rich in lipid and protein bodies, bioactive chemicals such as dietary fiber, phytic acids, vitamin B and E, and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) than the endosperm. In this paper, we report a new giant embryo mutant, ge(t), induced from somaclonal variation derived by anther culture in rice. Sequence analysis of Cytochrome P450 of the ge(t) mutant revealed that ge(t) is a new allele of the GE gene with a single point mutation with substitution of amino acid, W395 to L395. The weight of the ge(t) mutant embryo was 3.7 times higher than normal embryo. Tocopherol and mineral content were also higher than the previously reported giant embryo rice variety, Keunnun. These results indicated that this new giant embryo rice (ge(t)) offers a promising source of genetic material in improving nutritional quality of rice especially tocopherol, essential minerals, and GABA.
Jeong, Dana,Kim, Dong-Hyeon,Oh, Yong-Taek,Chon, Jung-Whan,Kim, Hyunsook,Jeong, Dong-Kwan,Kim, Hong-Seok,Kim, Yun-Gyeong,Song, Kwang-Young,Kim, Young-Ji,Kang, Il-Byung,Park, Jin-Hyeong,Chang, Ho-Seok,L Korean Society of Dairy Science and Biotechnology 2017 한국유가공기술과학회지 Vol.35 No.1
Cichorium intybus L. (chicory) roots and leaves are widely used in herbal preparations, which have beneficial effects on the stimulation of digestion and metabolism of food ingredients, gastric juice excretion, diuretic action, and bile excretion. Notably, chicory root is well known as a source of polyphenols, compounds with recognized value in health improvement. In this study, we examined the physicochemical characteristics (TA, pH, and sensory evaluation) of bioactive yoghurt containing different concentrations of chicory. With increasing incubation time (5 h), the TA of the yoghurt increased whereas the pH decreased, regardless of the amount of chicory. As the amount of chicory increased, the scores for color, flavor, taste, and overall acceptability generally decreased. Among the tested groups, yoghurt with the addition of 1% chicory attained the highest scores. Further studies on the production of bioactive yogurt with optimum chicory concentration are needed.
Pharmacological Stimulation of NADH Oxidation Ameliorates Obesity and Related Phenotypes in Mice
Hwang, Jung Hwan,Kim, Dong Wook,Jo, Eun Jin,Kim, Yong Kyung,Jo, Young Suk,Park, Ji Hoon,Yoo, Sang Ku,Park, Myung Kyu,Kwak, Tae Hwan,Kho, Young Lim,Han, Jin,Choi, Hueng-Sik,Lee, Sang-Hee,Kim, Jin Man,L American Diabetes Association 2009 Diabetes Vol.58 No.4
<P><B>OBJECTIVE</B></P><P>Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides (NAD<SUP>+</SUP> and NADH) play a crucial role in cellular energy metabolism, and a dysregulated NAD<SUP>+</SUP>-to-NADH ratio is implicated in metabolic syndrome. However, it is still unknown whether a modulating intracellular NAD<SUP>+</SUP>-to-NADH ratio is beneficial in treating metabolic syndrome. We tried to determine whether pharmacological stimulation of NADH oxidation provides therapeutic effects in rodent models of metabolic syndrome.</P><P><B>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</B></P><P>We used β-lapachone (βL), a natural substrate of NADH:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), to stimulate NADH oxidation. The βL-induced pharmacological effect on cellular energy metabolism was evaluated in cells derived from NQO1-deficient mice. In vivo therapeutic effects of βL on metabolic syndrome were examined in diet-induced obesity (DIO) and <I>ob/ob</I> mice.</P><P><B>RESULTS</B></P><P>NQO1-dependent NADH oxidation by βL strongly provoked mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in vitro and in vivo. These effects were accompanied by activation of AMP-activated protein kinase and carnitine palmitoyltransferase and suppression of acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) carboxylase activity. Consistently, systemic βL administration in rodent models of metabolic syndrome dramatically ameliorated their key symptoms such as increased adiposity, glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, and fatty liver. The treated mice also showed higher expressions of the genes related to mitochondrial energy metabolism (PPARγ coactivator-1α, nuclear respiratory factor-1) and caloric restriction (Sirt1) consistent with the increased mitochondrial biogenesis and energy expenditure.</P><P><B>CONCLUSIONS</B></P><P>Pharmacological activation of NADH oxidation by NQO1 resolves obesity and related phenotypes in mice, opening the possibility that it may provide the basis for a new therapy for the treatment of metabolic syndrome.</P>
Repression of DFR1 expression by w3 mutation in Soybean
Gyu Tae Park,Jagadeesh Sundaramoorthy,Jeong-Dong Lee,Hak Soo Seo,Jong Tae Song 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] have a variety of flower colors which are controlled by six different genes (W1,W2,W3,W4,Wm, and Wp). Among these genes, mutation in W3 gene causes near white flowers in the background of w4 genotype whereas the genotype W3w4 does purple throat flowers. Earlier studies showed that dihydroflavonol 4-reductase1 (DFR1) gene was closely linked to the flower color variants for W3 locus. In order to find out the W3 gene responsible for w3 phenotype, we first, studied the candidate gene Glyma14g07940 (DFR1) which is having 100% similarity with DFR probe sequence. Sequence analysis of DFR1 between W3 and w3 soybeans showed one base substitution in exon 6 of w3 mutant soybean resulting in one amino acid change in the amino acid sequence. However, comparison of amino acid sequences of DFR proteins from various crop plants showed that there is no functional change in the protein. Besides, the promoter analysis showed that, 311 bp of indel was traced in 5’-upstream promoter region of DFR1 gene in the w3 mutant. Here, we show that the near white or purple throat phenotypes in G. max is associated with existence or nonexistence of indel at 5’- upstream promoter region and low or high expression of DFR1, respectively. These results suggest that w3 phenotype may be caused by certain regulator of DFR1 gene located near or distant from DFR1 in G. max. In further study, we need to check the correlation between promoter indel with W3 expression level through GUS analysis.
Two New Corticolous Buellioid Species from South Korea
( Dong Liu ),( Sergey Y. Kondratyuk ),( László Lőkös ),( Josef P. Halda ),( Min-hye Jeong ),( Jung-shin Park ),( Jung-jae Woo ),( Jae-seoun Hur ) 한국균학회 2019 Mycobiology Vol.47 No.2
Several buellioid specimens were collected from South Korea during field surveys and two new species are described based on morphology, chemistry, and molecular phylogeny. Buellia boseongensis sp. nov. is similar to B. polyspora but differs in having a UV+orange thallus and cryptolecanorine apothecia. Sculptolumina coreana sp. nov., resembles S. japonica, but differs in having a smooth entire continuous thallus, which reacts K-, a narrower excipulum, thicker epihymenium, narrower subhymenium, and in containing secondary metabolites other than flavo-obscurin and myeloconone. A key to the buellioid lichens reported from Korea is also presented.
李乙熙,宋瑛敏,尹東根 진주산업대학교 1984 論文集 Vol.22 No.-
This experiment was carried out determine Hematological values of the male and female DurocJersey, on Apr. 5, 1984. The results obtained were summarized as follows. 1. The average red cell count was 7.23±0.42×10exp(6)/cu. ㎜ in female and 7.13±0.71×10exp(6)/cu. ㎜ in male. 2. The mean leukocyte count was 26.90±2.20×10exp(3)/cu. ㎜ in female and 28.30±3.30×10exp(3)/cu. ㎜ in male. 3. The mean hemogobin value was 11.85gm/100㎖ in female and 10.96gm/100㎖ in male 4. The hematocrite value range was 38.00∼40.00% with a mean of 38.75±0.83% in female and 36.00∼38.00% with a mean of 37.33±0.94% in male. 5. The mean MCV was 53.78±2.85μ^3 in female and 52.77±4.07μ^3 in male 6. The mean MCH was 16.45±0.83μ㎍ in female and 15.53±1.73μ㎍ in male. 7. The mean MCHC was 30.60±1.42% in female and 29.41±1.42% in male. 8. The mean differential count of female and male are reported as; Neutrophils 32.00±5.61%, 43.00±7.10%; Eosinophils 5.25±2.17%, 1.30±0.47%; Basophils 0.75±0.43%, 0.67±0.47%; Lymphocytes 58.75±7.04%, 53.30±7.59% and Monocytes 3.50±1.2%, 2.67±1,24%, Respectively.
함동석,곽용태,서미경,박기정,나덕렬 대한치매학회 2003 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.2 No.2
A 65-year-old left-handed man. following a total left MCA infarction, showed right hemineglect, visuospatial dysfunction, ideomotor apraxia, and Gerstmann syndrome without aphasia These findings suggest that cognitive functions of this patient have been reversely lateralized except for the dominant parietal lobe. We report this case because this atypical lateralization of cognitive function is very rare This patient also showed unusual agraphia that consisted of well-formed but meaningless letters This writing pattern may help understand the contribution of non-dominant parietal lobe to Hangul writing process.