수면 다원검사상 정상인 단순 코골기 환자에서 레이저 수술의 임상적 효과

김경수,이정권,김성식,박국진,한재욱,김원석 대한이비인후과학회 1998 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.41 No.3

Linear Polyester 合成에 關한 硏究

민경은,李學沂,金祐埴 慶北大學校 1974 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

1,2-Epoxyethylbenzene과 acid anhydride를 tertiary amine 觸媒下에서 反應시켜 linear polyester를 合成하였다. 본 論文에서는 aromatic epoxide와 aromatic 및 aliphatic acid anhydride類의 反應 mechanism을 究明하고 生成된 polyester의 一般的인 物性을 조사하였다. Using the tertiary amine as a catalyst, 1,2-epoxyethylbenzene was polymerized with acid anhydrides, and these polymers were identified as linear polyester by means of elementary analysis and IR spectroscopy. Also, the rate of polymerizations and the molecular weights of synthesized polymers were investigated under various conditions and the mechanism of polyester formation was discussed according to these results.

간흡충감염 마우스에 있어 담관상피세포의 병리조직학적 변화에 대한 Aflatoxin B_1의 영향

정경숙,민홍기,전계식 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1987 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.10 No.2

The present study was carried out to examine the effect of a carcinogen, aflatoxin B_1 on the pathogenesis of the bile duct changes in mice experimentally infected with Clonorchis sinensis metacercariae. A total of 75 male albino mice of the BALB/c strain was used, and divided into 3 group; group Ⅰ, treated with 1.0ppm aflatoxin B_1 in drinking water alone for 12 weeks; group Ⅱ, given 50 Clonorchis sinensis metacercariae alone and group Ⅲ, given 50 metacercariae at the beginning of the 12 week treatment with 1.0ppm aflatoxin B_1 in drinking water. Three mice were served as untreated-uninfected normal control. All mice were fed the standard protein diet which was synthesized and supplied by the Laborarory of Sam-Lip Food Co. Since the 4th week three mice from each group were removed and sacrigiced at 4 week interval up to the 32nd week. The hepatobiliary tissues were extracted and subsequently prepared for light microscopic examination. The tissue specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Mice in group Ⅰ showed no significant changes except the lower degrees of bile ductular proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration at the portal regions at an earlier stage. In groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ there were remarkable together with extensive acute and chronic inflammatory cell infiltrations, cellular atypia and periductal fibrosis from earlier stages. However, in group Ⅲ the histopathological changes observed were more prominent than those in group Ⅱ throughout the observation. As the time elapsed, they showed gradual regression with some fluctuations in the degrees. No any evidences of malignant changes of epithelial cells were noted in group Ⅱ, but in group Ⅲ the first tumor was found at the 28th week and the second one was at the 32nd week, respectively. Histologically the tumors observed were well differentiated adenocarcinoma of the bile duct. It was appeared that the tumors were of peripheral origin with a tendency of multifocal growth. They also showed an infiltrative growth pattern, increased mucin droplets, increased nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio and nuclear hyperchromatism. No hepatocellular carcinoma was noticed throughout the observation. In conclusion, it was suggested that Clonorchis sinensis infection promotes carcinogenic action aflatoxin B_1, a carcinogenic agent.

King Lear의 Q₁본문

李京植 서울大學校 人文大學 1978 人文論叢 Vol.3 No.-

Lear는 1607년 11월 26일에 'Nathanael Butter'와 John Busby에 의해서 판권등록되었다가 1608년에 Butter에 의해서 출판되었다. 이것이 소위 Lear의 초판본인 제일사절판(이하Q₁)인 것이다. Q₁는 1619년에 1608년이란 출판연대를 갖고 출판된 Lear와 구별짓기 위해서 'Pide Bull'판이라고도 불리운다. 'Pide Bull'은 Q₁의 간기에 표시된 Q₁의 판매처이다. Lear의 Q₁는 2H6, 3H6, Romeo, Hamlet, MWW, H5 등의 익사절판들(bad Quartos)이 지닌 그런 저질의 본문(bad text)은 아니지만 여러 개의 의심스런 대목들을 갖고 있어서 R3의 Q₁와 더불어 'doubtful Quartos'로 불리우고 있다. 본 논문은 Lear의 Q₁가 지닌 본문적인 문제점들에 대한 학자들의 연구들을 개관하는 것을 목적으로 한다.

15세기 영국 도덕극 : 영국 희곡의 중세 전통

李京植 서울대학교 1969 서울대학교 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

The essay is about: 1) what kind of process of secularization the Medieval religious drama had to undergo in terms of the birth, growth, and development of the mystery or miracle plays, moralities, and interludes; 2) in what way the miracles and interludes are related to the morality plays and how different the three are from one another; 3)the plots of the two most typical moralities The Castle of Perseverance and Everyman, which are introduced to give and idea of what they are like and what characteristics they have; and 4) how the so-called medieval tradition established by the medieval plays in general and the moralities in particular had affected Elizabethan and Jacobean drama. One thing will emerge as this essay progresses: the medieval English plays are valuable not only for themselves, but as a preparation for Elizabethan and Jacobean drama. The Theme of the moralities is the fall and redemption of man. Mankind or Humanum Genus is surrounded by vices and virtues that conflict with each other for the soul of Mankind. At first Mankind is tempted by a Bad Angel or vice. As time goes by, however, he repents, by the help of a Good Angel or virtue. The moralities employ allegorical method and personified abstractions that stand for human qualities such as Good-Deeds, Knowledge, Lechery, Shrift, Patience, and so on. The conflict of abstractions, that is between virtues and vices and Good and Bad Angels of the moralities, led to the tradition of the inner conflict or soul struggle as well as the outer conflict which is especially conspicuous in Dr Faustus, Macbeth, and Othello. The morality pattern is to be seen in the story of Hal and Falstaff in 1 and 2 HenryⅣ and of Troilus and Pandarus in Troilus and Cressida and in other plays of the Elizabethans and Jacobeans. Sometimes a whole scene can be built up according to the morality pattern. Besides, quite a number of characters of Elizabethan and Jacobean drama are, in fact, successors of those of the moralities and any morality symbolism that survives in Elizabethan and Jacobean drama explains in part, though not mompletely the function of their characterization. In the light of this, therefore, it is quite obvious that the students of Elizabethan and Jacobean drama could not possibly ignore the medieval tradiotion established by the moralities together with the miracles and interludes.

Hamlet의 'Solid/Sullied Flesh'

李京植 서울대학교 어학연구소 1982 語學硏究 Vol.18 No.1

This paper attempts(1) to analyze some of the important arguments on one of the most controversial Shakespearian textual cruxes, i.e. ‘solid vs sullied’ and (2) to show by way of conclusion which view should be subscribed to. Being bibliographers, both Dover Wilson and Fredson Bowers tried to solve the question bibliographically and textually and came to the same conclusion that ‘sullied’ is what Shakespeare really wrote but with different evidence. Wilson argued that ‘sallied’ (Q2 reading) is the result of the compositor’s misreading of the MS reading ‘sullied’ whereas Bowers holds that ‘sallied’ was, in Shakespeare’s time, a legitimate form of ‘sullied’, his evidence being that ‘sallied’ (Q2, 1.2 129) and ‘sallies’ (Q2, 2.1 39) were the work of not one and the same compositor and press but of two different compositors and presses. Bowers’ argument, however, was refuted by one notable philologist and linguist Professor Helge Ko¨keritz and by one equally notable bibliographer Alice Walker. According to Ko¨keritz, that ‘sallied’ is a legitimate form of ‘sullied’ is out of the question. Walker finds it difficult to accept Bowers’ argument that two compositors would not have made the same blunder and that therefore ‘sally’ equals ‘sully’, when she considers a close parallel that can be found in both texts of Troilus and Cressida (Q ‘distruction’; F ‘dis­traction’. On the other hand, literary critics like G.M. Young, G.L. Kittredge, Samuel A. Weiss and Richard Flatter argued for F reading ‘solid’, their common evidence being certain cluster image to be found in Henry Ⅳ, Part Ⅱ(3.1. 45ff) and other plays. That is to say, ‘Shakespeare’s unconscious habit of repeating image clusters’ and ‘the contextual demands of the passage’ enable them to settle the crux in favour of ‘solid flesh’. Flatter ignored the legitimacy of ‘sullied’ and went as far as to say that ‘sullied’ is nothing but an emendation. On the whole. scholars argued for ‘sullied’ and critics for ‘solid’. But it is interesting to note that Ko¨keritz and Walker made a notable and, indeed, important exception to this by saying that there would be no knowing which of the two variants Shakespeare really wrote and that it would be up to individual editors to choose between the two. This particular position should be subscribed to so long as any decisive evidence should turn up to dismiss one of the two as not Shakespearian.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae에서 myo-Inositor 결핍에 의한 Respiratory Capacity의 감소

정경환,이준식 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.4

Saccharomyces cerevisiad (S. cerevisiae)의 growth factor중의 하나인 myo-Inositol은 membrane-associated 효소인 phosphatidylinositol 합성효소에 의해 세포막의 구성 성분인 phosphatidylinositol로 incorporation 되는 것으로 알려져있다. 그래서 myo-inositol이 결핍되면 막구조와 기능에 좋지 않은 영향을 주는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이러한 myo-inositol의 생화학적 기능을 근거로 myo-inositol의 결핍이 호기적 포도당 대사에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 S. cerevisiae의 respiratory capacity를 대변하는 인자인 specific oxygen uptake rate (Q_O2)를 회분배양과 연속배양을 이용하여 측정하였다. 그리고, S. cerevisiae의 호기적 포도당 대상의 respiratory capacity를 myo-inositol이 결핍된 경우와 그렇지 않은 경우에 연속배양에서 포도당 pulse-addition을 한 후 관찰하였다. 그 결과 회분배양과 연속배양에서 myo-inositol이 결핍된 경우 maximum specific oxygen uptake rate (Q_O2. max)이 감소되는 현상을 관찰하였고, 포도당 pulse-addition 실험에서 얻은 결과를 정량적으로 분석하여 본 결과 myo-inositol의 결핍이 respiratory capacity의 감소를 초래하는 것이 관찰되었다. myo-Inositol, a growth factor for Saccharomyces cerevisiad (S. cerevisiae), has been know to be incorporated into phosphatidylinositol (PI), which is a kind of phospholipid in the cell membrane, by a membrane-associated PI-synthesizing enzyme. The deficiency of myo-inositol in S. cerevisiae adversely affected the membrane structure and function. On the basis of biochemical functions of myo-inositol, the effect of deficiency of myo-inositol on the aerobic glucose metabolism was investigated by measuring specific oxygen uptake rate(Q_O2) used as an indicator representing the respiratory capacity of S. cerevisiae in batch and continuous cultures. The respiratory capacity of aerobic glucose metabolism in S cerevisiae was also monitored after glucose pulse-addition in a continuous culture (D=0.2, 1/hr), in which glucose was utilized through respiratory metabolism. The deficiency of myo-inositol was found to lead to both the decrease of the maximum specific oxygen uptake rate (Q_O2. max) observed from the batch as well as in the continuous culture experiment and the decrease of the respiratory capacity of aerobic glucose metabolism of S. cerevisiae determined from the glucose pulse-addition experiment, in which the glucose flux into respiratory and fermentative metabolism was quantitatively analyzed.

栗谷의 心性觀

李京植 대구대학교 인문과학연구소 1990 人文科學硏究 Vol.8 No.-

The principle of human nature is said to be the main topic in the Korean philosophical inquiry as to human nature and natural laws. The primary concern of Yul-gok is concentrated on the explanation of human existence rather than of nature. His highest importance is placed on the structure of human nature ans the topic of virtue and vice immanent in it and his philosophy is naturally developed into the theory of human nature. On the basis of his philosophy are considered in this paper the main issues, such as the meaning of "nature, sense, will and emotion(心, 性, 情, 義)". and te theory of the four moral senses (四端)and the seven emotions(七情), together with the theory of human nature ans the senses of morality. 1. "Nature, sense, will and emotion" under lie in Yul-gok's philosophy, and their meanings and their correlation are comprehensively explained. In particular, the correlation is regarded as a whole one, and the structure of human nature is clarified on its basis. 2. The main topic of Yul-gok's view of human nature is the foru moral senses ans seven emotions. However, the four senses of morality, he says, are connoted in the seven emotions. Accordingly to him, as human nature is one, so the emotion as a whole consists of seven kinds, of which the good ones are called the four moral senses. 3. The topic and argumentation of human nature and the sense of morality are inseparable from those of the four moral senses and seven emotions. In Toi-gaeism the four moral senses and the seven emotions are two distinct things; the sense of morality and human nature, respectively. These two, however, is regarded as a whole one in Yul-gok's philosophy; the moral sense starts from moral justice, and human nature from an individual. The distinction of the two, that is, depends on the direction of the will of the human mind. According to Yul-gok, human nature can be led to the moral sense through self-reflection, for both of human nature and the sense of morality have emotion and will in itself.

Shakespeare의 철자 현대화 문제

李京植 서울大學校 人文學硏究所 1984 人文論叢 Vol.13 No.-

Modern-spelling editions as opposed to old-spelling editions are divided into two kinds: one is partially modernized texts or semi-popular editions and the other fully modernized texts or popular editions. A complete and absolute modern-spelling Shakespeare edition has not yet appeared because full modernization involves not a few difficult problems. Some old-spelling forms are easy to modernize. Words like lanthorn(e), murther, parfit, and vild whose interchangeable alternative forms lantern, murder, perfect, and vile also occur within the same original texts can be modernized without any loss unless rhyme is involved. It is also easy to modernize the past tense and past participial ending - ed/-'d to-ed when it is non-syllabic and to -'ed when syllabic. In Shakespeare's day a number of words were often spelt differently in accordance with a compositor's spelling preferences, text-space, type-shortage, or the exigencies of line justification. For example, hear was spelt hear, heare, and here; then as then and than; whose as whose and who's; to as to and too. Even these cases which demand a choice between two exclusive meanings can be easily modernized because context makes the choice quite easy. But difficulty arises when the ambiguity of an original edition embraces two modern words which are not clearly related in form or sense. The word travail, for instance, embraces two modern words travail and travel. No matter which one the editor chooses, he will need an annotation. Some words with final s raise a similar difficulty. Cats in an Elizabethan text may stand for modern cats, cat's, or cat is, and the sense of a passage can bear more than two of these exclusive meanings. In his Riverside Shakespeare edition which is widely recognized as the definitive edition as far as semi-popular Shakespeare editions go, Evans preserves 'a selection of Elizabethan spelling forms that reflect, or may reflect, a distinctive contemporary pronunciation' like fift or sixt (fifth or sixth), Bullingbrook(e) (Bolingbroke), conster (construe), and vild (vile) because those forms suggests, if not Shakespeare's own preferences, 'the kind of linguistic climate in which he wrote' and this approach of his avoids, he said, 'the unhistorical and sometimes insensitive levelling that full-scale modernization(never consistent itself) imposes' In 1978 Oxford University Press launched a project for a modern-spelling Oxford Shakespeare with Stanley Wells and Gary Taylor as General Editor and Associate General Editor respectively. Wells made public his modernizing principles and method in his Modernizing Shakespeare's Spelling published in book form in 1979 together with Taylor's Three Studies in the Text of 'Henry V'. Wells is quite sure that he sees 'no virtue in an attempt to suggest a 'kind of linguistic climate' and that he is capable of modernizing Shakespeare without committing an 'insensitive levelling'by making provision for special cases created by wordplay, scansion, rhyme, and so forth. He also sees no advantage in preserving 'a selection of Elizabethan spelling forms' which would create a need for many more glosses. What he proposes to do is to modernize almost all the semantically indifferent variants (like banket/banquet) and as to semantically significant variants (like courtesy/curtsy/court'sy/curt'sy/cursie, metal/mettle, and travel/travail) where Shakespeare's use is significantly ambiguous, he is to 'adopt the primary sense, and annotate'. But he is to retain stage dialects and those old spellings which 'helps the reader to see that a word is not what he might otherwise suppose'. He also refuses to modernize 'sallets' to 'salads' in Hamlet's 'no sallets in the lines to make the matter savoury', for then we lose the sense of 'something tasty' and mar metre and rhyme as well. Aphetic forms like Edgar's cham (=Ich am) and forms of a characterizing touch and those of representing the speech of uneducated characters, foreigners, etc. are also preserved. Wells will modernize such proper names as Bullingbrook(e), Gertrard, Chatillion, Alanson, Rome (or Roan), Callice which have all been retained by Evans. As to the past tense and past participial ending ed, he prefers the method of representing the syncopated form by -ed and the unsyncopated form y either -ed or -?d to that of representing the former by -'d and the latter by-ed. When these endings occur in prose he means to print the normal modern form. On the whole, Wells' proposal with its considerable number of exceptions does not live up to his ambition for a fully modernized Shakepeare edition although there can be no doubt that he will modernize Shakespeare as fully as he can and certainly more than any one has ever done so far. In conclusion, there could be no doubt that Wells' Oxford edition will be a big step forward to a complete and absolute modern Shakespeare edition although it is not likely to come out in the near future.

비내시경 수술로 치험한 급성 사골동염에 의한 안와봉와직염 1례

서경식,허창호,조병주 건국대학교 의과학연구소 1996 건국의과학학술지 Vol.5 No.-

Inflammation involving the orbit is an omnious physical sign representing a threat to vision and life. Seventy-five percent of bacterial infections in the orbit are caused by paranasal sinusitis, usually ethmoiditis medially, less commonly from the frontal sinusitis above or maxillary sinusitis below. Orbital complication induced by acute sinusitis is a rare condition in nowadays since the advent of antibiotics. We report a case of treatment for periorbital cellulitis induced by acute ethmoiditis. A 37-year-old male patient visited the otolaryngologic out patient clinic with symptom of severe headache around left orbital area for 2 days. The physical examination revealed no gross abnormality on the face except mucopurulent discharges from the left middle meatus. A plain paranasal sinus films showed partial haziness in the left ethmoid sinus and frontal sinus. The patient was admitted due to a severe headache. On the evening of admission day the patient's left eyeball was protruded and periorbital edema occured. Although the administration of maximal doses of parenteral antibiotics, the edema and protrusion of left eyeball became worse. The orbital sonogram showed cellulitis in the left orbital area and the PNS CT scans showed left ethmoiditis and frontal sinusitis. An emergency intranasal ethmoidectomy under the endoscopic control was performed on the third admission day. On the second post-operative day the patient's eyelid swelling decreased. On the sixth post-operative day the patient was discharged without any orbital sequela. We report this case with review of the literature.