국산 Lidocaine 알칼리화를 위한 Bicarbonate 혼합시 침전유발 최소량에 대한 고찰

이선호,김현수,곽인숙,안원식,최관호,김광민,손민제 대한마취과학회 2000 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.39 No.5

Background : When local anesthetics for regional anesthesia is used, usually small amounts of bicar-bonate are added for rapid onset. This addition gives the mixed solution a more alkaline pH. The following result is an increased unionized form of the local anesthetic and rapid penetration of the drug into tiissue. Unfortunately, no data about adequate mixing volumes of domestic lidocaine and bicarbonate is available. Methods : We examined six mixing pairs of two kinds of 2% lidocaines and three kinds of 8.4% bicarbonates for minimum volumes of bicarbonate to cause a precipitation of 2% 20 ml lidocaine. Results : The mean volumes of bicarbonate to cause precipitation were 1.54 ml for Kwang-Myung lidocaine with Kwang-Myung bicarbonate, 2.90 ml for Kwang-Myung lidocaine with Dae-Won bicarbonate, 2.73 ml for Kwang-Myung lidocaine with Je-Il bicarbonate, 0.97 ml for Je-Il lidocaine with Kwang-Myung bicarbonate, 1.26ml for Je-Il lidocaine with Dae-Won bicarbonate and 1.39 ml for Je-Il lidocaine with Je-Il bicarbonate. Conclusions : We conclude that the Kwang-Myung lidocaine and the Je-Il lidocaine could cause precipitation when mixing with a smaller bicarbonate volume than foreign textbook recommended. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2000; 39: 726-729)

한국(韓國)GSK 상임고문최현식(常任顧問崔賢植)의 기업활동(企業活動)과 경영이념(經營理念)

박광서 ( Kwang Sur Park ),최승현 ( Seung Hyun Choi ) 아시아.유럽미래학회 2006 유라시아연구 Vol.3 No.2

The aims of this paper are to review Mr. Choi Hyun Sik``s business activities and analysis of his management thoughts. Mr. Choi Hyun Sik is now a general advisor of Galxo Smith Cline(GSK) Korea, one of the biggest pharmatical company in the world. And he is one of the toppest chief executive officer in Korea. He was passed as a semi-salesman, one of 3D jobs at that time, by the Choong Wae Pharamatical Corporation in 1966 and he met Mr. Lee Chong Ho who was a section chief of planning and management section anf he is now chairman of the corporation. He worked hard with chairman Lee. At last he promoted as a CEO of Choong Wae Pharmatical Corporation in 1998 and Vice Chairman of the Company in 2004. After 38 years services, he resigned from CW in 2004. At the same time, He was selected as a general advisor of GSK Korea(President Mr. Kim Jin Ho) on April 2004. As a GA of GSK Korea, As a matter of fact, Mr. Choi concertrate into his best efforts as the fellowing points; ● Focus an execution of plan. ● Develop new strategic business opportunities ● Strengthen partnership with external stakeholders. ● Optimize commercial structure and capability ● Improve working capital management & operational excellence ● Build organizational capabilities to support growth. ● Develop people pipeline, and etc. And last, his management thoughts and stratagies are 5S and 5C. That is, 5S means Speed, System, Simplicity, Strategy and Spurt. On the other hand, 5C are Creation, Credit, Competition, Customer and Communication.

거리의 도상성원리와 영어여격교체현상

김광현,황규홍 새한영어영문학회 2001 새한영어영문학 Vol.43 No.2

An Iconicity-theoretic Approach to the English Dative Alternation Construction Kim, Kwang-Hyun · Hwang, Kyu-Hong This paper aims to examine the semantic and structural differences between the double-object construction and its prepositional counterpart based on Haiman's (1980, 1983, 1985) iconicity theory. The alternation phenomena have attracted a great deal of attention, and a range of proposals have been put forward to account for them. In particular, an attempt has been made among the majority of scholars to differentiate the double-object construction and its corresponding dative construction by resorting to the differences in verb meaning and those in relation between arguments. To achieve the above goal, in this paper, we attempt to identify the subtle meaning differences between the two constructions by way of the distance principle of the iconicity theory: "the linguistic distance between expressions corresponds to the conceptual distance between them." Namely, we argue that the double-object construction is used when the agent and the recipient are conceptually close, while the dative counterpart is used when the conceptual distance between the two is remote. This line of approach seems to be appealing in that it can explain the differences between the constructions more explicitly and systematically and in that it can also account for other alternation phenomena such as locative and conative constructions in a similar context.

영일동맹 이후 주한영국공사의 활동

현광호(Hyun, Kwang-Ho) 한국외국어대학교 역사문화연구소 2007 역사문화연구 Vol.28 No.-

영일동맹 이후 주한영국공사의 활동 현 광 호 영국은 1902년 1월 일본과 영일동맹을 체결했다. 일본은 동맹체결 이후 대한제국에 대한 침략을 강화했다. 조단은 영일동맹 이후 대한제국의 내정에 한층 깊숙이 개입했다. 조단은 대한제국의 자주적 개혁에 제동을 걸었고, 일본의 대한제국 진출에 중요한 역할을 담당했다. 조단은 러시아인의 용암포활동을 주시했다. 조단은 러시아인의 활동을 벌목작업으로 인정하지 않았다. 조단은 러시아인의 활동이 대한제국의 주권을 침해하는 것으로 인식했다. 조단은 대한제국에 대해 압록강의 개방을 요구했다. 조단은 경제발전론을 제기하여 고종을 설득했다. 다음으로 조단은 고종에게 국가주권문제를 거론했다. 끝으로 조단은 고종에게 압록강지역을 개항하여 러시아를 견제할 것을 제의했다. 조단은 대한제국이 용암포조차협정을 체결할 경우 영국은 자유행동을 취할 것을 경고했다. 그 결과 대한제국은 러시아와의 용암포조차협정 체결에 부정적인 입장이 되었다. 조단은 일본, 미국 외교관들과 공조하여 개항을 추진했다. Activity of The British Ministers to the Great Han Empire after the conclusion of a treaty of Anglo-Japanese alliance. Hyun, Kwang-Ho Great Britain concluded a treaty of Anglo-Japanese alliance with Japan in January 1902. Japan reinforced aggressive policies toward the Great Han Empire after the conclusion of a treaty of Anglo-Japanese alliance. Jordan interfered in the domestic affairs of the Great Han Empire after the conclusion of a treaty of Anglo-Japanese alliance. Jordan checked Independent reform of the Great Han Empire. Instead Jordan cooperated with Japanese advance into the Great Han Empire. Jordan was mostly cautious of Russian’ Activity at Yongampo. Jordan did not regard Russian’ Activity at Yongampo as timber enterprise. Jordan concluded Russian’ Activity as violating sovereignty of Great Han Empire. Jordan demanded to the Great Han Empire opening of Yalu River(鴨綠江). Jordan pursuaded King Kojong with Theory of economic development. Secondly Jordan made Theory of sovereignty (國權論) to win King Kojong(高宗) over. Finally Jordan pursuaded King Kojong checking aggression of Russia by opening of Yalu River. Jordan gave a warning of having a free hand in Great Han Empire if Great Han Empire would conclude Yongampo lease treaty with Russia. As a result Great Han Empire a took a negative attitude for lease treaty with Russia. Jordan propelled opening of Yongampo by coalition of Japanese diplomat and American diplomat.

國內産 茶葉의 脂肪酸 組成에 관한 硏究

朴章鉉(Jang-Hyun Park),金正鳳(Jung-Bong Kim),金廣植(Kwang-Sik Kim) 한국차학회 1996 한국차학회지 Vol.2 No.1

Fatty acid composition was analyzed and compared in tea shoot of korean native tea plant (Camellia sinensis Var. Sinensis) picking from thirteen places and Yabukita(Camellia sinensis Var. Yabukita), an excellent Japanese variety. Results of this investigation are summarized as follow. Palmitic acid, Stearic acid, Oleic acid, Linoleic acid, Linolenic acid were confirmed thirteen places of korean native tea plant. The content of total fatty acid at Shunchang-gun tea leaves usually was the highest as 3555.3mg/100g, and that of Yong Kwang-gun tea leaves was the lowest as 2089.1mg/100g. The content of total fatty acid of Yabukita tea leaves usually was 3084.9mg/100g. The composition of fatty acid had order of C18 : 3 > C18 : 2 > C16 : 0 > C18 : 1 > C18 : 0.

임신부 뇨로부터 정제된 인간 상피세포 증식 인자 유사체의 in vitro bioassay 및 특성

박세철,전재현,남정현,권태종,고인영,유광현 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.4

벤조산흡착, 음이온 교환수지, 단일클론항체을 이용한 immunoaffinity chromatography를 통하여 임신부 뇨로부터 천연의 hEGF를 정제하였다. 정제된 hEGF는 μ Bonda C_18 column을 사용한 HPLC 분석을 통하여 4개의 fraction으로 분리가 가능하였으며 western blot과 double immunodiffusion 실험 결과, 각각의 fraction이 hEGF의 특성을 가진 유사체인 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 hEGF 표준 물질과의 spiking 및 아미노산 분석 등을 통하여 두 번째 fraction이 nhEGF와 동일한 것으로 확인하였다. nhEGF 및 그 유사체의 생물학적 활성 비교를 위하여 NIH 3T3 세포주에서 5'-Brdu incorporation 측정을 위한 labelling 시간, 혈청 농도의 최적 조건을 결정하였다. NIH 3T3 세포주의 DNA 합성능은 0.2% FCS가 포함된 저혈청 배지에서 hEGF가 0.1~10 ng/ml 농도로 첨가하였을 때 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. HPLC를 통하여 분리된 두번째 hEGF 유사체가 다른 유사체보다도 생물학적인 활성이 우수하였으며, rhEGF 표준물질과의 spiking 및 아미노산 서열 분석등을 통하여 nhEGF로 밝혀졌다. 임신부의 뇨의 hEGF 유사체 함량중 natural hEGF는 46%이었다. Natural human epidermal growth facto (nhEGF) was purified from pregnant human urine by benzoic acid adsorption, DEAE-Sepharose ion exchange, and immunoaffinity chromatography. The purified nhEGF was further separated into four fractions using Bondapak C_18 HPLC system. Following characterization by Western blot and double immunodiffusion, we found that each fraction corresponds to four derivatives of the nhEGF. For biological analysis of nhEGF, we optimized the labeling time and serum concentration for the incorporation of 5-bromo-2'-deoxy-uridine (BrdU), a non-radioactive alternative for [^3H]-thymidine uptake, into NIH 3T3 cells. The DNA synthesis of NIH 3T3 cells was gradually increased at the nhEGF concentrations between 0.1~10 ng/ml in the Dulbecco's Modified Eagles Medium (DMEM) containing 0.2% Fetal calf serum (FCS). When we assayed the biological activity of four fractions, the activity of the second fraction was superior to that of the others.

만성 치열 환자에 대한 GTN 국소요법과 보존적 치료의 효과 비교

이광렬,조경아,황도연,김건욱,박원갑,윤서구,김현식,이종균 대한대장항문학회 2000 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.16 No.6

오프셋을 감소시킨 고속 Dynamic Latch 비교기 설계

성광수,현유진,서희돈 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 2000 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.28 No.1

In this paper, we propose a technique to minimize the input offset of a dynamic latch used as a voltage comparator. The offsets in a dynamic latch comparator can be divided into three causes. The fist is VOM that is caused by mismatch between MOSs, and the second is ΔQ/CZ that is caused by charge injection mismatch. The last is VOCF that is the effect of positive feedback during sampling phase. The VOCF was only considered in the previous works, however, we analyze not only charge injection mismatch but also VOCF and propose a effective circuit that can minimize these in this paper.

초기 다발성 신경병증의 진단에 족지간 신경전도검사의 유용성에 관한 연구

이광우,이성현,정재면 대한신경과학회 1998 대한신경과학회지 Vol.16 No.2

치주인대 세포의 보관방법에 따른 생활력에 관한 연구

현원섭,이긍호,김광철 大韓小兒齒科學會 1994 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.21 No.1

This study was designed to compare the ability of human periodontal ligament cell viability according to different storage methods, storage time and temperature, and to evaluate the osmolality and pH of the storage media. In the present investigation, media tested for their ability of PDL cell were HBSS, milk, milk contained antibiotics, saliva, ion drink, saline. Time interval was 2 min, 5 min, 10 min, 30 min, 60 min, 120 mi, and storage temperature was 4。C and room temperature. The viability of PDL cells stored for these media was determined by the trypan blue dye exclusion test. Viable (non-stained) and non-viable (stained) cells were counted in a hemocytometer. The pH of storage media were evaluated at 4。C and room temperature. The osmolality of the samples was analysed in an Osmometer, 3D-Ⅱ model. The results were as follows: 1. PDL cell viability was declined in the sequence of DMEM, HBSS, milk contained antibiotics, milk, saline, saliva, ion drink, Distilled water(p<0.01). 2. PDL cell viability was more depended on pH than Osmolality of storage media. 3. PDL cell viability was better at 4。C than room temperature(p<0.01). 4. PDL cell viability was decreased with time(p<0.01).