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Chen-Kuo Chiang,Chien-Hung Wu,Chin-Chien Liu,Jin-Fu Lin,Chien-Lun Yang,Jiun-Yuan Wu,Shui-Jinn Wang 대한금속·재료학회 2012 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.8 No.5
The NH3 thermal annealing and decoupled plasma nitridation (DPN) processes are compared for the equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) scaling of atomic-layer-deposited hafnium zirconate (HfZrO2) gate dielectric. Detailed physical, optical, and electrical characteristics of nitrided HfZrO2 (HfZrON) film are reported. It is found that DPN can yield a thinner SiOx interfacial layer (IL) (about 0.12 nm more in terms of EOT scaling)and a more densified HfZrO2 layer compared to those obtained using NH3 thermal annealing at a 16% nitrogen dose. NH3 thermal nitridation causes a large nitrogen distribution tail at the SiOx IL/Si substrate interface and increases leakage current, which suppresses EOT scalability.
Characteristics and heterostructure of metal-doped TiO2/ZnO nanocatalysts
Chen Wu-Jhang,Hsu Kuo-Chin,Fang Te-Hua,Chen Tao-Hsing,Li Ming-Hao 한국물리학회 2022 Current Applied Physics Vol.38 No.-
In this study, Ag or Al-doped TiO2/ZnO heterostructure nanocatalysts were prepared using a sol-gel method for photocatalysis to evaluate the degradability. The photocatalytic behavior was evaluated by the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. Photocatalytic studies suggested that 1 mol% Agdoped TiO2/ZnO (TiO2/ZnO = 0.75/0.25) heterostructure nanocatalysts showed higher photocatalytic activity, and that the degradation efficiency can reach 83% in 4 h, 14% higher than that for pure TiO2. Finally, the photocatalysis mechanism for the Ag-doped TiO2/ZnO heterostructure nanocatalysts is discussed.
A Novel Active Image AuthenticationSchemefor Block Truncation Coding
Chang-Ming Wu,Yu-Chen Hu,Kuo-Yu Liu,Jun-Chou Chuang 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.7 No.5
In this paper, a simple active image authentication scheme for the compressed images of block truncation coding (BTC) is proposed. In this scheme, the authentication codes of the compressed blocks are generated from the random value induced by the random seed. The authentication code of each compressed block is embedded into the bit map. The bit length of each authentication code can be chosen according to the user’s requirement. The experimental results indicate that the proposed scheme detects the tampered areas clearly and keeps good image qualities of the embedded images. Meanwhile, a low computational cost is required in the proposed scheme.
Wu, Chean-Ping,Tsay, Shiow-Min,Chiou, Peter Wen-Shyg,Chen, Kuo-Lung Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.1
Roxarsone (3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid) has been used as feed additives in poultry industries to improve production and control coccidiosis. The effect of high dietary levels of Roxarsone (ROX) on the performance and function of internal organs and the kinetics of recovery as well as its after-effects were examined in laying hens. The inclusion rates of ROX were 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg per kg feed. Inclusion up to 200 mg did not show any adverse effects (p>0.05), whereas in the 300 and 400 mg groups, significant effects, particularly in the latter, were observed for three weeks after ROX addition (p<0.05). Recovery of the physical appearance occurred soon after ROX addition was withdrawn. Recovery of performance and internal organs, however, appeared to be dependent on the amount of residual ROX in the body; as the amount of ROX decreased, the toxic effect of ROX also decreased. In the third week after the withdrawal of ROX, complete recovery was observed in the lower dosage groups (100 or 200 mg groups) (p>0.05), whereas in the higher dosage groups (300 or 400 mg groups), recovery took at least five weeks; when complete recovery was observed in egg production and in liver weight (p>0.05). On the other hand, ROX might have damaged the liver and other tissues. The recovery of liver weight was probably due to accumulation of fatty particles rather than repair. It appeared, therefore, there were little after-effects of ROX on the hen's physical appearance, but some internal organs were probably damaged.
Wu, Horng-Huei,Chen, Ching-Piao,Tsai, Chih-Hung,Huang, Kuo-Wei The Korean Society for Quality Management 2009 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.10 No.2
The issue of capacity constraint resources (CCR) or bottlenecks wandering in product mix decision by applying Theory of Constraints (TOC) management philosophy has been mentioned and demonstrated in several papers. In this study, the effect for prolonging the planning period (PPP) so as to stabilize the CCR is investigated. The results show that the effect for PPP alternative will be positive or negative which is depending on the environment condition. However, a majority cases which have positive effect for PPP alternative can be recognized prior knowing the marketing demand, which is significant in the real application.
Wu, Jinfu,Saovieng, Suchada,Cheng, I-Shiung,Liu, Tiemin,Hong, Shangyu,Lin, Chang-Yu,Su, I-Chen,Huang, Chih-Yang,Kuo, Chia-Hua The Korean Society of Ginseng 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.4
Background: Ginsenoside Rg1 has been shown to clear senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-${\beta}$-gal) in cultured cells. It remains unknown whether Rg1 can influence SA-${\beta}$-gal in exercising human skeletal muscle. Methods: To examine SA-${\beta}$-gal change, 12 young men (age $21{\pm}0.2years$) were enrolled in a randomized double-blind placebo controlled crossover study, under two occasions: placebo (PLA) and Rg1 (5 mg) supplementations 1 h prior to a high-intensity cycling (70% $VO_{2max}$). Muscle samples were collected by multiple biopsies before and after cycling exercise (0 h and 3 h). To avoid potential effect of muscle biopsy on performance assessment, cycling time to exhaustion test (80% $VO_{2max}$) was conducted on another 12 participants (age $23{\pm}0.5years$) with the same experimental design. Results: No changes of SA-${\beta}$-gal were observed after cycling in the PLA trial. On the contrary, nine of the 12 participants showed complete elimination of SA-${\beta}$-gal in exercised muscle after cycling in the Rg1 trial (p < 0.05). Increases in apoptotic DNA fragmentation (PLA: +87% vs. Rg1: +133%, p < 0.05) and $CD68^+$ (PLA:+78% vs. Rg1:+121%, p = 0.17) occurred immediately after cycling in both trials. During the 3-h recovery, reverses in apoptotic nuclei content (PLA:+5% vs. Rg1 -32%, p < 0.01) and increases in inducible nitrate oxide synthase and interleukin 6 mRNA levels of exercised muscle were observed only in the Rg1 trial (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Rg1 supplementation effectively eliminates senescent cells in exercising human skeletal muscle and improves high-intensity endurance performance.
Reliability-based Evaluation of River-bridge Flood Resistance Ability Via a Visual Inspection Table
Kuo-Wei Liao,Bang-Ho Wu,Wei-Lun Chen 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.9
This research establishes a reliability-based preliminary evaluation table for assessing river-bridge flood resistance. Flood resistance for a river-bridge is affected by numerous factors, including bridge structure, river environment, hydrology, and riverbank protection infrastructure. Flood resistance assessment is a complex issue that involves multiple areas of expertise. A comprehensive assessment process is extremely time-consuming and difficult to implement in practice, especially given the limited time and resources. Many bridges require risk evaluations. A preliminary visual inspection is often conducted in response to these problems. The primary issue with visual inspection is the high subjectivity regarding the understanding and standards for the various indicators. To solve this issue, a Bayesian Network (BN) is proposed to combine the contributions from experts and reliability analyses. Eight bridges are selected for performing FOSM-based reliability calculations using a parameterized ABAQUS model. An ideal preliminary inspection table enables a close relationship with the failure probability that is calculated from an advance analysis. Thus, PSO is employed to maximize the correlation between the scores obtained from the visual inspection table and the failure probability calculated from the BN to establish a reliability-based visual inspection table that provides a strong foundation for a bridge risk analysis.