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The 'Sais-sori' Phenomena of Korean 서울大學校 人文學硏究所 1997 人文論叢 Vol.37 No.-
This paper aims to clarify what the underlying form of the 'sais-sori' (epenthetic sound) of Korean is and by experimenting phonetically, to find traces of the 'sais-sori' that do not reveal the phonetic values on the surface. The underlying form of the 'sais-sori' of Korean is represented as /s/ (/ㅅ/) in ⅰ) the reception of foreign languages that take [t] as the final sound, ⅱ) the cognition of speakers who are non-proficient in orthography, and ⅲ) the reference to the phonetic values of the 'sais-sori' which is presumed in Middle Korean. Since /s/, as the 'sais-sori' of Korean, is realized as a surface form by applying the existing rules in Korean phonology such as the unreleased rule, the automatic tensification rule and the consonant cluster simplification rule, it does not complicate the Korean grammer. The experiment for revealing the traces of the 'sais-sori' of Korean is briefly accomplished by measuring the utterances of three Korean native speakers. Here it is anticipated that the length of the fortis achieved in the 'voiced sound(including vowels) # lenis consonant' environment and in the 'obstruent # lenis consonant' sequence of compound nouns in which the 'sais-sori' is considered to be inserted, will appear to be longer than the length of another fortis unrelated to the 'sais-sori'. However, the former turned out to be the longest while the latter did not show any difference from the length of the fortis unrelated to the 'sais-sori'. I think in the former case, the 'sais-sori' is being reflected as the length of the fortis, whereas the latter case is due to the application of the consonant cluster simplifiction rule. Hence we can tell that the current spelling system of adding the /s/ when the preceding segment ends in a vowel is perfectly adequate.
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이상열,전숙,안규정,우정택,the Korean Diabetes Prevention Study Investigators 대한당뇨병학회 2019 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.43 No.1
Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to increase, and the disease burden is the highest of any medical condition in Korea. However, large-scale clinical studies have not yet conducted to establish the basis for diabetes prevention in Korea. Methods: The hospital-based Korean Diabetes Prevention Study (H-KDPS) is a prospective, multi-center, randomized, open-label controlled study conducted at university hospitals for the purpose of gathering data to help in efforts to prevent type 2 DM. Ten university hospitals are participating, and 744 subjects will be recruited. The subjects are randomly assigned to the standard care group, lifestyle modification group, or metformin group, and their clinical course will be observed for 36 months. Results: All intervention methodologies were developed, validated, and approved by Korean Diabetes Association (KDA) multidisciplinary team members. The standard control group will engage in individual education based on the current KDA guidelines, and the lifestyle modification group will participate in a professionally guided healthcare intervention aiming for ≥5% weight loss. The metformin group will begin dosing at 250 mg/day, increasing to a maximum of 1,000 mg/day. The primary endpoint of this study is the cumulative incidence of DM during the 3 years after randomization. Conclusion: The H-KDPS study is the first large-scale clinical study to establish evidence-based interventions for the prevention of type 2 DM in Koreans. The evidence gathered by this study will be useful for enhancing the health of Koreans and improving the stability of the Korean healthcare system (Trial registration: CRIS KCT0002260, NCT02981121).
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Kyoung-Mee Kim,박철근,손진희,Jin Sook Jeong,조미연,So-Young Jin,Jong Sang Choi,Dae Young Kang,Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Committee,The Korean Gastrointestinal Pathology Study Group,Dong Wook Kang,Woo Sung 대한의학회 2005 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.20 No.6
Koreans who were diagnosed between 2001 and 2002 were analyzed to evaluate their occurrence and their clinical, pathologic and immunohistochemical findings. The most frequent location of tumor was in the stomach (63%), followed by the small intestine (30%), the colorectum (5%), and the esophagus (2%). c-kit expres-sion was found in 93.6% of the cases, while CD34, SMA and S-100 protein was positive in 80.1%, 28.2%, and 20.2%, respectively. c-kit positivity was high in the stomach (94.2%) and small intestine (94.6%), while it was relatively low in the col-orectum (85.0%), and esophagus (81.2%). The positivity for CD34 was correlated with the higher risk of GISTs (p=0.04). Follow up of the patients showed that 58 primary GISTs patients died and 20 of these patients were recurrent or metastatic at the time of diagnosis. The pathologic diagnosis to predict the risk of aggressive behavior of GISTs was correlated with the numbers of tumor, clinical stage, epithe-lioid histologic type, cellularity, cellular atypia, necrosis, and mucosal invasion (p= 0.00). GISTs with a poor prognosis were closely related to the clinical stage at pre-sentation, the locations of the tumor, and the ages of the patients.Seven hundred forty seven cases of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) in
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조원경,유규상,임채홍,정재욱,지의규,안용찬,조현민,엄준원,서양권,장아람,이종훈,On behalf of the Oligometastasis Working Group, Korean Cancer Associat 대한암학회 2023 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.55 No.4
Purpose Despite numerous studies on the optimal treatments for oligometastatic disease (OMD), there is no established interdisciplinary consensus on its diagnosis or classification. This survey-based study aimed to analyze the differential opinions of colorectal surgeons and radiation oncologists regarding the definition and treatment of OMD from the colorectal primary. Materials and Methods A total of 141 participants were included in this study, consisting of 63 radiation oncologists (44.7%) and 78 colorectal surgeons (55.3%). The survey consisted of 19 questions related to OMD, and the responses were analyzed using the chi-square test to determine statistical differences between the specialties. Results The radiation oncologists chose “bone” more frequently compared to the colorectal surgeons (19.2% vs. 36.5%, p=0.022), while colorectal surgeons favored “peritoneal seeding” (26.9% vs. 9.5%, p=0.009). Regarding the number of metastatic tumors, 48.3% of colorectal surgeons responded that “irrelevant, if all metastatic lesions are amendable to local therapy”, while only 21.8% of radiation oncologist chose same answer. When asked about molecular diagnosis, most surgeons (74.8%) said it was important, but only 35.8% of radiation oncologists agreed. Conclusion This study demonstrates that although radiation oncologists and colorectal surgeons agreed on a majority of aspects such as diagnostic imaging, biomarker, systemic therapy, and optimal timing of OMD, they also had quite different perspectives on several aspects of OMD. Understanding these differences is crucial to achieving multidisciplinary consensus on the definition and optimal management of OMD.
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Clinical practice guidelines for intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring: 2020 update
Korean Society of Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring,Korean Neurological Association,Korean Academy of Rehabilitation Medicine,Korean Society of Clinical Neurophysiology,Korean Association o 대한임상신경생리학회 2021 Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology Vol.23 No.1
The utility and accuracy of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) has evolved greatly following the recent development of new devices for neurophysiological testing and advances in anesthesiology. Until recently, the need for IONM services has been limited to large academic hospitals, but the demand for neurophysiologists with expertise in IONM has grown rapidly across diverse types of hospital. The primary goal of the Korean Society of Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring (KSION) is to promote the development of IONM research groups and to contribute to the improvement of fellowship among members and human health through academic projects. These guidelines are based on extensive literature reviews, recruitment of expert opinions, and consensus among KSION board members. This version of the guidelines was fully approved by the KSION, Korean Association of EMG Electrodiagnostic Medicine, the Korean Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, the Korean Academy of Rehabilitation Medicine, and the Korean Neurological Association.
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The Development of the Korean Medication Algorithm for Major Depressive Disorder
MinSoo Lee,SeWon Lim,JiHyun Cha,SangKeun Chung,KwangSu Kim,Siegfried Kasper,the Executive Committee for the Korean Medication Algorithm Project for Major Depressive Disorder 대한신경정신의학회 2005 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.2 No.2
There are many differences in the biological characteristics, clinical situations, and medical insurance systems between ethnic groups or countries. Consequently, there is a need for a specific Korean algorithm for the treatment of major depressive disorder. Therefore, the Korean society of depressive and bipolar disorder decided to develop the Korean Medication Algorithm for Major Depressive Disorder (KMA-MDD). The Korean Medication Algorithm Project for Major Depressive Disorder (KMAP-MDD) was designed with the goal of developing: 1) ideal algorithm, 2) Korean algorithm, 3) medication algorithm, 4) evidence-based and formal consensus algorithm. After collecting and reviewing many articles and reports by the evidence-based rule, we constructed a survey questionnaire designed to obtain the formal consensus of Korean experts. By employing panels of experts to review the collected evidences and survey results thoroughly, we used evidence based algorithm development as a component of the formal consensus development process. The KMA-MDD consists of two algorithms: one for major depressive disorder without psychotic features and the other for major depressive disorder with psychotic features. Clinical guidelines for the implementation of KMA-MDD were also developed. The KMA-MDD provides specific treatment strategies for each stage. The KMA-MDD is the first Korean algorithm for the treatment of major depressive disorder. It is based on evidence supporting the efficacy of each treatment modality and has obtained the consensus of Korean experts. We hope that the KMAMDD will be a good practical tool for clinicians who treat major depressive disorder in Korea.
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( Jae Woo Jung ),( Jae Chol Choi ),( Jong Wook Shin ),( In Won Park ),( Byoung Whui Choi ),( Jae Yeol Kim ),( Korean Smoking Cessation Study Group ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Many studies investigated that smoking is the major cause of various physical illnesses, but the relationship between smoking status and mental health including suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts was not studied. This study was conducted to evaluate whether cigarette smoking status was related with mental health including suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts in Korean adult population. Methods: We used data from the fourth and fifth annual South Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (Korean NHANES IV) conducted in 2008,2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012. From a total of 45,811 subjects, 32,184 adult subjects who were at least 19 years of age were included in the study population. The correlation between smoking status and mental health using questionnaires about mental health, cigarette smoking and diagnosis of major depressive disorder were analyzed. They were adjusted by age, income, education and marital state. Results: In male, current smoker was 42.4%, former smoker 38.9% and non smoker18.7% and in female, 5.9%, 5.6% and 88.4%. Age, quartile of income, education state and marital state were different according to smoking status (P<0.001). In male and female, perceived stress was higher and EQ-VAS in current smoker was lower than those in non smoker (P<0.001). The incidence of major depressive disorder in current smoker female was higher than that in non smoker female (8.4% vs. 4.5%, OR=1.945, 95% CI: 1.536-2.463). In female, current smoker had higher prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts in last year compared with non smoker (OR=1.912, 95% CI: 1.659-2.203, OR=3.930, 95% CI: 2.701-5.719, respectively).Conclusion: In the current study, current smoking was signifi cantly related with major depressive disorder, depression symptom and suicidal ideation and attempts in Korean females.
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KBS한의원(Research Center of Korean Medicine),동국대학교 한의학연구소(Dong-Guk University),유정한의원(Yujung Clinic),조선영(Sun Young Cho),천병태(Byoung Tae Chun) 대한모유수유한의학회 2015 대한모유수유한의학회지 Vol.1 No.1
Mother and baby should be managed together from pregnancy to the postpartum health in order to continue successful breastfeeding. Korean medicine have been proven to care many years to administer the health of lactation women and baby, whereas chemical drug have relatively high risk of side effects in pregnancy and lactation. Korean Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine (KABM) should make an effort to show scientific excellence of Korean medicine and to develop diagnostic techniques of Korean medicine based on methodology of maternal and infant health. And KABM will continue various education, research and academic work, health care, counseling, and health service.
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