Degradation of Chitosans

(Kjell M . Varum) 한국키틴키토산학회 2000 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.5 No.3

Generating Spatial Curvature in an Inhomogeneous Universe: A Bottom-up Approach to Cosmology

Kjell Rosquist,Lars Samuelsson 한국물리학회 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.57 No.31

We take the first steps towards a new bottom-up approach to cosmology. The dynamics is described in terms of the world lines of the cosmic grains (galaxies or clusters of galaxies). The description is microscopic in the sense that there is no fluid assumption. The motion of each grain is geodesic ensuring the presence of gravitational interactions only. The scheme is fully general in that there is no restriction to homogeneous or isotropic models. Our approach is mathematically similar to Buchert’s averaging method, but there are important differences. In particular, we use statistical averages, when needed, not volume averages. For example, a crucial ingredient in any cosmological framework is the spatial curvature. Here we give an estimate of the scalar curvature based on statistical averages of the actual mass distribution in the universe.

(번역논문)정당화상황의 착오에 관한 사례풀이 답안작성시의 전형적인 오류

Kjell Gasa,김성룡,김현조 경북대학교 법학연구원 2010 법학논고 Vol.0 No.32

아래 글은 형사사례답안 작성 시에 정당화상황에 관한 착오의 심사와 관련하여 자주 하게 되는 전형적인 실수를 다루고 있다. 따라서 아주 다양한 문헌에서 상세하게 논구하고 있는 법적 효과보다는 형법관련교재에서는 종종 아주 간략하게 언급되는 이러한 착오의 전제조건에 관하여 중점적으로 다룬다. 관련 문제의 특성에 대해 간략하게 서술한 후 짧은 몇 가지 사례를 통해서 답안작성 시 어떻게 해당사례를 다루어야 하는지 세부적으로 언급하기로 한다.

The correlation between the imaging characteristics of hamstring injury and time required before returning to sports : a literature review

Kjell Svensson,Marie Alricsson,Mattias Eckerman,Theofilos Magounakis,Suzanne Werner 한국운동재활학회 2016 JER Vol.12 No.3

Physical performance tests – a relationship of risk factors for muscle injuries in elite level male football players

Kjell Svensson,Marie Alricsson,Marcus Olausson,Suzanne Werner 한국운동재활학회 2018 JER Vol.14 No.2

Brain Receptor Mosaics and Their Intramembrane Receptor-Receptor Interactions: Molecular Integration in Transmission and Novel Targets for Drug Development

Kjell Fuxe,Daniel Marcellino,Diego Guidolin,Amina S. Woods,Luigi Agnati 사단법인약침학회 2009 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.2 No.1

The concept of intramembrane receptor-receptor interactions and evidence for their existence was introduced by Agnati and Fuxe in 1980/81 suggesting the existence of heteromerization of receptors. In 1982, they proposed the existence of aggregates of multiple receptors in the plasma membrane and coined the term receptor mosaics (RM). In this way, cell signaling becomes a branched process beginning at the level of receptor recognition at the plasma membrane where receptors can directly modify the ligand recognition and signaling capacity of the receptors within a RM. Receptorreceptor interactions in RM are classified as operating either with classical cooperativity, when consisting of homomers or heteromers of similar receptor subtypes having the same transmitter, or non-classical cooperativity, when consisting of heteromers. It has been shown that information processing within a RM depends not only on its receptor composition, but also on the topology and the order of receptor activation determined by the concentrations of the ligands and the receptor properties. The general function of RM has also been demonstrated to depend on allosteric regulators (e.g., homocysteine) of the receptor subtypes present. RM as integrative nodes for receptor-receptor interactions in conjunction with membrane associated proteins may form horizontal molecular networks in the plasma membrane coordinating the activity of multiple effector systems modulating the excitability and gene expression of the cells. The key role of electrostatic epitope-epitope interactions will be discussed for the formation of the RM. These interactions probably represent a general molecular mechanism for receptor-receptor interactions and, without a doubt, indicate a role for phosphorylation-dephosphorylation events in these interactions. The novel therapeutic aspects given by the RMs will be discussed in the frame of molecular neurology and psychiatry and combined drug therapy appears as the future way to go. The concept of intramembrane receptor-receptor interactions and evidence for their existence was introduced by Agnati and Fuxe in 1980/81 suggesting the existence of heteromerization of receptors. In 1982, they proposed the existence of aggregates of multiple receptors in the plasma membrane and coined the term receptor mosaics (RM). In this way, cell signaling becomes a branched process beginning at the level of receptor recognition at the plasma membrane where receptors can directly modify the ligand recognition and signaling capacity of the receptors within a RM. Receptorreceptor interactions in RM are classified as operating either with classical cooperativity, when consisting of homomers or heteromers of similar receptor subtypes having the same transmitter, or non-classical cooperativity, when consisting of heteromers. It has been shown that information processing within a RM depends not only on its receptor composition, but also on the topology and the order of receptor activation determined by the concentrations of the ligands and the receptor properties. The general function of RM has also been demonstrated to depend on allosteric regulators (e.g., homocysteine) of the receptor subtypes present. RM as integrative nodes for receptor-receptor interactions in conjunction with membrane associated proteins may form horizontal molecular networks in the plasma membrane coordinating the activity of multiple effector systems modulating the excitability and gene expression of the cells. The key role of electrostatic epitope-epitope interactions will be discussed for the formation of the RM. These interactions probably represent a general molecular mechanism for receptor-receptor interactions and, without a doubt, indicate a role for phosphorylation-dephosphorylation events in these interactions. The novel therapeutic aspects given by the RMs will be discussed in the frame of molecular neurology and psychiatry and combined drug therapy appears as the future way to go.

Some Consequences of Gravitationally Induced Electromagnetic Fields in Microphysics

Kjell Rosquist 한국물리학회 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.56 No.5

We discuss the relation between the gravitational and electromagnetic fields as governed by the Einstein-Maxwell field equations. We emphasize that the tendency of the gravitational field to induce electromagnetic effects increases as the size of the system decreases because the charge-tomass ratio Q/M is typically larger in smaller systems. For most astrophysical systems, Q/M is ≪1while for a Millikan oil drop, Q/M ~ 10⁶. Going all the way down to elementary particles, the value for the electron is Q/M ~ 10²¹. For subatomic systems, an additional phenomenon comes into play. In fact, according to general relativity, the gravitational field tends to become dominated by the spin at distances of the order of the Compton wavelength. The relevant quantity which governs this behavior is the ratio S/M², where S is the (spin) angular momentum. For an electron,S/M² ~ 10⁴⁴. As a consequence, the gravitational field becomes dominated by gravitomagnetic effects in the subatomic domain. This fact has important consequences for the electromagnetic fields of spinning charged particles. To analyze this situation, we use the asymptotic structure in the form of multipole fields. Such an approach avoids the pitfalls should one try to use a near-field approach with some kind of semi-classical formulation of the Einstein-Maxwell equations, for example. To obtain more exact results, however, one must take quantum effects into account including radiative contributions. Although such effects are not considered in this work, the order of magnitude of the considered effects are not expected to change drastically when going to a quantum-mechanical treatment. The most relevant solution of the Einstein-Maxwell equations in this context is the Kerr-Newman metric. It is the preferred solution which is in accord with all four known multipole moments of the electron to an accuracy of one part in a thousand. Our main result is that general relativity predicts corrections to the Coulomb field for charged spinning sources. Experimentally verifiable consequences include a predicted electric quadrupole moment for the electron, possible quasi-bound states in positron-heavy ion scattering with sizes corresponding to observed anomalous peaks, and small corrections to the energy levels in microscopic bound systems, such as the hydrogen atom.

Major Advances in Non-Surgical Management of GI-NET

( Kjell Oberg ) 대한소화기학회 2011 SIDDS Vol.11 No.-

Synthesis and Applications of Two-Dimensional Hexagonal Boron Nitride in Electronics Manufacturing

Jie Bao,Kjell Jeppson,Michael Edwards,Yifeng Fu,Lilei Ye,Xiuzhen Lu,Johan Liu 대한금속·재료학회 2016 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.12 No.1

In similarity to graphene, two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal boronnitride (hBN) has some remarkable properties, such as mechanicalrobustness and high thermal conductivity. In addition, hBN has superbchemical stability and it is electrically insulating. 2D hBN has beenconsidered a promising material for many applications in electronics,including 2D hBN based substrates, gate dielectrics for graphenetransistors and interconnects, and electronic packaging insulators. Thispaper reviews the synthesis, transfer and fabrication of 2D hBN films,hBN based composites and hBN-based van der Waals heterostructures. In particular, this review focuses on applications in manufacturingelectronic devices where the insulating and thermal properties of hBNcan potentially be exploited. 2D hBN and related composite systems areemerging as new and industrially important materials, which couldaddress many challenges in future complex electronics devices and systems.

마이크로파티클을 이용한 판지의 품질 및 생산성 향상 방안 ( Increased Quality and Productivity in Recycled Qualities with Microparticle Technology )

Mike Williams,Kjell Johansson 한국펄프·종이공학회 1996 펄프.종이技術 Vol.28 No.4