간단한 인증키 동의 프로토콜인 Kim-Kim-Hwang 방법의 안전성 고찰

김윤정;김영신;황준 서울여자대학교 컴퓨터과학연구소 2004 정보기술논문지 Vol.2 No.-

The Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange scheme can produce a common session key between the two communicators, but its problem is that it makes a man-in-the middle attack possible. To solve problems like these, several protocols have been put forward, and the Simple Authenticated Key Agreement (SAKA) Protocol is among them. Seo-Sweeney suggested a SAKA protocol initially and the protocol has weakness that a malicious 3rd party can masquerade a valid user. Tseng suggested another protocol that advances this problem but this protocol can still be attacked when the messages in key verification phase are identical. Ku-Wang suggested a new protocol that advances this problem. Kim-Kim-Hwang also suggested a new SAKA protocol and confirmed that their protocol has same safeness and better performance compared to the other SAKA protocols. In this paper, we reanalyze the safeness of SAKA protocols and find out that Kim-Kim-Hwang protocol has not only better performance but also better safeness. Diffie-Hellman의 키 인증 기법에 대한 제 3자 공격 (man-in-the middle attack)에 강한 간단한 인증키 동의 프로토콜인 SAKA (Simple Authenticated Key Agreement Protocol)가 제안된 바 있다. SAKA는 초기에 Seo-Sweeney에 의해 제안되었으며 이 방법은 침입자가 중간에 메시지를 가로채서 정당한 사용자임을 가장할 수 있는 단점이 있다. Tseng은 이 단점을 개선한 방안을 제안하였는데 이것도 키 확인 메시지 두 개의 값이 같을 경우 공격을 받을 수 있음이 밝혀졌다. Ku-Wang은 Tseng 방법의 문제점을 개선한 알고리즘을 제안하였다 그리고 Kim-Kim-Hwang은 새로운 SAKA 알고리즘을 제안하고 이것이 기존 SAKA 프로토콜들과 안전성은 동일하면서도 성능이 개선된 것임을 밝힌바 있다. 본 논문에서는 안전성 분석의 재고찰을 통하여, Kim-Kim-Hwang의 방법이 기존 SAKA 프로토콜들보다 성능면에서뿐만 아니라, 안전성 면에서도 우수함을 밝힌다.

Development of a noninvasive KIM-1-based live-imaging technique in the context of a drug-induced kidney-injury mouse model

Tae-Jun Kwon,Da-Sol Lee,Md. Enamul Haque,Rang-Woon Park,Byungheon Lee,Dongkyu Kim,Yong-Hyun Jeon,Kil-Soo Kim,Sang Kyoon Kim 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7

The development of reliable methods to diagnose acute kidney injury is essential to allow the adoption of early therapeutic interventions and evaluate their effectiveness. Based on the fact that kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) expression levels in kidneys are markedly upregulated early after a damage event, here we developed a noninvasive KIM- 1-based molecular imaging technique to detect kidney injury. First, we took advantage of a phage-display platform to select small peptides demonstrating a specific high binding affinity to KIM-1. The promising candidate was conjugated with fluorescent probes, and its imaging potential was validated in vitro and in vivo. This peptide, with the sequence CNRRRA, not only showed a high imaging potential in vitro, allowing a strong detection of KIM-1 expressing cells by microscopy and flow cytometry but also generated a strong kidney-specific signal in live-imaging in vivo experiments in the context of a drug-induced kidney-injury mouse model. Our data overall suggest that the CNRRRA peptide is a promising probe to use in the context of in vivo imaging for the detection of KIM-1 overexpression in damaged kidneys.

東皐 李浚慶의 國政運營論 硏究

김준태(Kim, Jun-Tae) 한국동양철학회 2015 동양철학 Vol.0 No.43

This study aims to look into the theory of governance of Lee Jun-kyung who had been Yeongeuijeong (Premier of the Joseon Dynasty) through King Myeongjong and King Seonjo regimes. Lee Jun-kyung is a character with intellectual and political capabilities, who solved several challenges like overcoming the crisis of a political vacuum, evaluated as a leader who opened the so-called ‘Age of Politics by Sarim (Confucian Scholars).’ Based on his own recognition of the major philosophical concepts of Confucianism such as ‘Tian Ren He Yi (Heaven-man Unity)’ or ‘Zhonghe (The Golden Mean),’ Lee Jun-kyung postulated that the king should take the responsibility for the realization. He thought that the political chaos and crisis of the times, like the massacre of scholars was caused by the king’s lack of the cultivation of his own moral character. In other words, the king did not set his mind straight, and made wrong decisions. Thus, according to his judgment, in order to prevent such a calamity from recurring and allow stable governance, most of all, the king should cultivate his own moral character. Lee Jun-kyung emphasized ‘the acceptance of admonition’ because of that. Along with this, Lee Jun-kyung thought that Confucian scholars’ discussion about radical and excessive reform might throw the administration of state affairs into confusion and furthermore, cause a counteroffensive of impure forces. This is the reason why he took a position prioritizing stabilization on major political issues. In other words, political confrontation and conflict should be settled by proceeding step by step gradually, and variables that could cause risks should be prevented in advance. Thus, his argument means that it could bring complete success to affairs, even if it takes time. Lee Jun-kyung’s theory of governance like this marks ‘stability’ with a side dot. The king should cultivate his own moral character for the ‘stability’ of governance and should manage policies and reforms gradually also for ‘stability.’ This line may delay reforms and may cause missing the best time; however, it can exhibit a power to make the reforms have timeliness and minimize side effects on reality. 본고는 명종과 선조 대에 걸쳐 영의정을 지낸 동고 이준경의 국정운영론을 살펴보는 데 목적이 있다. 이준경은 학문과 정치적 역량을 겸비한 인물로, 권력 공백의 위기를 극복하는 등 여러 가지 난제들을 해결하고 소위 ‘사림정치의 시대’를 연 주역으로 평가받는다. 이준경은 ‘天人關係’나 ‘中和’와 같은 儒學의 주요한 철학적 개념들에 대한 나름의 인식을 바탕으로, 그 실현의 책임을 임금에게 상정했다. 그는 士禍 등 당시의 정치적 혼란과 위기의 책임이 임금의 수신이 부족한 데서 기인한다고 생각했다. 임금이 자신의 마음을 바로잡지 못했기 때문에 잘못된 결정을 내렸다는 것이다. 따라서 그러한 참화가 재발하지 않도록 하고 국정이 안정적으로 운영될 수 있도록 하기 위해서는, 무엇보다 임금이 수신에 힘써야 한다는 것이 그의 판단이다. 이준경이 納言을 강조한 것도 그래서이다. 아울러 이준경은 사림의 급진적이고 과격한 개혁 논의가 국정을 혼란에 빠트리고, 나아가 小人들의 역공을 유발할 수 있다고 생각했다. 문소전 배향, 삭훈, 붕당 등 주요 정치적 이슈들에 있어서 그가 안정 우선의 입장을 취한 이유이다. 점차적으로 단계를 밟아감으로써 정치적 대립과 알력을 해소하고, 위험을 일으킬 수 있는 변수들을 사전에 차단해야 한다는 것이다. 그래야 비록 시간이 걸리더라도 일을 온전히 성공시킬 수 있다는 것이 그의 주장이다. 이러한 이준경의 국정운영론은 安定에 방점이 찍혀있다. 군주가 수신을 해야 하는 이유도 국정의 ‘안정’을 위해서고, 정책이나 개혁을 점진적으로 운용해야 하는 것도 ‘안정’을 위해서인 것이다. 이러한 노선은 개혁을 지연시키고 자칫 最適期를 놓치게 할 우려도 있지만, 개혁이 시의성을 갖추고 현실에서의 부작용을 최소화하도록 하는 힘을 발휘할 수 있다.

Antispasmodic Effects of Junsibaekchul-San In Vivo and In vitro

Hur, Jin-Il,Byun, Joon-Seok,Kim, Dae-Jun The Physiological Society of Korean Medicine and T 2010 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.24 No.1

In Vivo and In vitro antispasmodic effects of Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San, a Traditional Korean Polyherbal Medicineconsisted of 7 types of herbs were observed in the present study. To clarify the effects of Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San, on accelerating small intestinal movement induced by the stimulation of cholinergic neurotransmission, we evaluated the effects of Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San on In vivo carbachol (an acetylcholinergic agent)-accelerated mice small intestinal transit and on In vitro contractions induced by low-frequency electrostimulation, KCl, histamine or acetylcholine using isolated guinea pig ileum. To induce the acceleration of mice small intestinal transit, Carbachol 1 mg/kg was once subcutaneously dosed 15min before last administration of the test drugs. In the present study, Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg or domperidone 20 mg/kg were orally pretreated on the carbachol-accelerated mice small intestinal transit once a day for 7 days and the small intestinal transit rateof activated charcoal powder were monitored. In vitro assays, Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San1, 0.1, 0.01 and 0.001 mg/ml or domperidone $2{\times}10^{-5}M$ were treated 10min before ileal contraction was induced by filed stimulation, acetylcholine, KCl and histamine, and the % changes of contractions were observed compared to the treatment of inducer alone. In spontaneous contraction, the % changes of contractions were observed compared to treatment of vehicle alone at 10min after Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San or domperidone treatment. The efficacy of Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San was compared to those of domperidone. High concentration, 1 mg/ml of Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San was found to decrease the spontaneous contraction of the isolated guinea-pig ileum. In addition, Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San decrease contractions induced by electrostimulation, acetylcholine, histamine and KCl in the isolated guinea-pig ileum. In addition, Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San effectively inhibited the accelerated small intestinal movement induced by carbachol stimulation of cholinergic neurotransmission in In vivo. Based on the results, although the exact molecular or action mechanism and which herbs or compound in Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San are responsible for actions, it was concluded that Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San normalization in the accelerated intestinal motility might be interfere with a variety of muscarinic, adrenergic and histaminic receptor activities or with the mobilization of calcium ions required for smooth muscle contraction non-specificly. Therefore, it is expected that Jun-Si-Baek-Chul-San will be promising as a prescription of clinical treatment of digestive tract disorders such as accelerated the motility of intestine, diarrhea or intestinal painful contractions.

Genetic associations of body composition, flexibility and injury risk with ACE, ACTN3and COL5A1polymorphisms in Korean ballerinas

( Jun Ho Kim ),( Eun Sun Jung ),( Chul Hyun Kim ),( Hyeon Youn ),( Hwa Rye Kim ) 한국운동영양학회 2014 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.18 No.2

Jun Ho Kim, Eun Sun Jung, Chul-Hyun Kim, Hyeon Youn and Hwa Rye Kim. Genetic associations of body composition, flexibilityand injury risk with ACE, ACTN3and COL5A1polymorphisms in Korean ballerinas. JENB., Vol. 18, No. 2, pp.205-214, 2014[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to exam the association of body composition, flexibility, and injury risk to genetic polymorphismsincluding ACEID, ACTN3RX, and COL5A1polymorphisms in ballet dancers in Korea. [Methods]For the purpose of this study,elite ballerinas (n = 97) and normal female adults (n = 203) aged 18 to 39 were recruited and these participants were tested forbody weight, height, body fat, fat free mass, flexibility, injury risks on the joints and gene polymorphisms (ACE, ACTN3, COL5A1polymorphism). [Results]As results, the ACEDD genotype in ballerinas was associated with higher body fat and percentageof body fat than the ACEII and ID genotypes (p< 0.05). In the study on the ACTN3polymorphism and ballerinas, the XXgenotype in ballerinas had lower body weight and lower fat-free mass than the RR and RX genotype (p < 0.005). Also, the meansof sit and reach test for flexibility was lower in the ACTN3XX genotype of ballerinas than the RR and RX genotype of ballerinas(p< 0.05). Among the sports injuries, the ankle injury of the XX-genotyped ballerinas was in significantly more prevalence thanthe RR and XX-genotyped ballerinas (p< 0.05). According to the odd ratio analysis, XX-genotyped ballerinas have the injuryrisk on the ankle about 4.7 (95% CI: 1.6~13.4, p< 0.05) times more than the RR and RX-genotyped ballerinas. Meanwhile, theCOL5A1polymorphism in ballerinas has no association with any factors including flexibility and injury risks. [Conclusion]Inconclusion, ACEpolymorphism and ACTN3polymorphism were associated with ballerinas` performance capacity; COL5A1wasnot associated with any factors of performance of Ballerinas. The results suggested that the ACEDD genotype is associated withhigh body fat, the ACTN3XX genotype is associated with low fat-free mass, low flexibility, and higher risk of ankle-joint injury. [Keyword]ballet, flexibility, body composition, injury risk, ACE, ACTN3, COL5A1

김광균의 시론과 지평융합적 시의식

김석준(Kim Sug-Jun) 한국시학회 2008 한국시학연구 Vol.- No.21

In this treatise, I was inquired into Kim Kwang-kyun's poetics and the Fusion of Horizon. In the established research, the valuations of Kim Kwang-kyun' poetry tend to be decided into the negative appraisal due to the heterogeneous combination of sentimentalism and pictorialness. And then this research displays the difference and the discrepancy between poetics and poetry; the combination of sentimentalism and pictorialness correspond to the appearance of new style, what is called Romantic Imagism or Imagistic Romanticism. That displays the type of the fusion of horizon in order to create the new horizon This treatise hypothesizes that Kim Kwang-kyun's poetic essence is solitude and grief, and explains to their conscious strata. The solitude and grief are those days' social reality and collective unconsciousness. Further The solitude and grief are due to forming poetic self which is depressed mood because of his biographic fact(family's death : father and sister). Therefore Kim Kwang-kyun's poetic practice combine the 1920' romantic tendency with the 1930' imagism, which means to enhance individuality to speciality in order to accomplish Kim's personality

Identification of a novel peptide that selectively binds to Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) by phage displayed peptide library

Tae-Jun Kwon,Joon-Suk Park,Sang-Hyun Kim,Enamul Haque,Byung-Heon Lee,Sang Eun Kim,Choong-Yong Kim,Sang Kyoon Kim 한국실험동물학회 2016 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.2

품종별 감꽃 동결건조 분말의 유효성분 분석

김준한 ( Jun Han Kim ),박석희 ( Seok Hee Park ),문혜경 ( Hye Gyeong Mun ),이인선 ( In Seon Lee ),김종국 ( Jong Kuk Kim ) 한국식품저장유통학회 ( 구 한국농산물저장유통학회 ) 2006 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.13 No.6

감 품종별(도근조생, 고종시, 갑주백목, 차랑, 월하시, 상주둥시)로 감꽃을 개화기에 채취하여 동결건조 분말화한 감꽃분말에 함유된 유효성분을 분석, 비교하였다. 조지방 함량은 도근조생이 57.26%로 가장 높은 값을 보였으며, 유리당 조성은 fructose가 95~310 mg%, glucose는 75~281 mg%, sucrose가 7~28 mg%의 함유량을 나타내었고, 유기산 중 malic acid가 갑주백목(6월4일)에 225 mg%로 가장 많았고, tartaric acid도 189 mg%로 가장 많았다. 유리아미노산 중 hydroxy-L-proline은 월하시에 25.33 mg%, L-citrulline은 상주둥시(5월28일)가 58.83 mg%, L-threonine은 상주둥시(5월28일)가 11.88 mg%로 가장 많았다. 페놀산으로 caffeic acid는 갑주백목(6윌4일)이 1946 μg/100 g, phydroxybenzoic acid는 상주둥시(5월29일)가 417.8 μg/100 g, protocatechuic acid는 갑주백목(6월1일)이 181.1 μg/l00 g으로 가장 많았다. 따라서 감꽃에도 감이나 감잎에 못지않게 유용한 식품성분들과 기능성 성분들이 다량 함유되어 있어 새로운 식품 및 기능성 신소재로서의 가치가 매우 높다고 할 수 있다. This study was carried out to analyze useful components in freeze-dried persimmon flower powder made from six cultivars. The cultivars were Dogunjosang, Kojongsi, Kabjubaekmok, Chalang, Weolhasi and SangjuDungsi. Powder of persimmon flower was prepared by milling after freeze drying at -70℃. Crude lipid was the highest in Dogunjosang (57.26%). Major free sugars of the persimmon flowers were fructose (95~310 mg%), glucose (75~281 mg%)and sucrose (7~28 mg%). Major organic acids were malic acid (225 mg% in Kabjubaekmok (Jun. 4th)) and tartaric acid (189 mg% in Kabjubaekmok (Jun. 4th)). Predominant free amino acids were hydroxy-L-proline(25.33 mg% in Weolhasi), L-citrulline (58.83 mg% in SangjuDungsi (May 28th)) and L-threonine (11.88 mg% in SangjuDungsi (May 28th)). Major phenolic compounds in the persimmon flowers were caffeic acid (1,946 μg/100g in Kabjubaekmok (Jun. 4th)), p-hydroxybenzoic acid(418 μg/100g in SangjuDungsi (May 29th)) and protocatechuic acid(181 μg/100g in Kabjubaekmok(Jun. 1st)). The results suggest that persimmon flowers be potential materials as useful food ingredients.

論文(론문) : 조선의 名醫 유이태(劉以泰,劉爾泰) 연구

유철호 ( Chulho Yoo ),유원준 ( Won Jun Yoo ),차웅석 ( Wungseok Cha ),홍세영 ( Sae Young Hong ),김남일58 ( Nam Il Kim ) 대한한의학원전학회(구 대한원전의사학회) 2013 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.26 No.4

Objective: Two famous medical doctors, Yoo Itae(以泰, 爾泰) and Riu Euitae(義泰), have been well known in academic world and public in Sancheong-gun. Yoo Itae is the progenitor of Majinhak which is the therapy for measles, he wrote a “Majinpyun” as the first book of therapy for measles in Chosun. Riu Euitae, meanwhile, is a fictional medical doctor and a teacher of Heo Jun who became real without confirmation of historical truths by Roh Jeongwoo who heard about a name, Yoo Itae. Roh`s assertion was quoted in the report of literatures, papers, novel, and telecast without verification. His assertion is exposed in novel and media and it has seriously distorted the history. The purpose of this study is to rectify the historical distortion. Methods: Various references study was performed. Confirmed a family tree, birth and death year, birthplace, sepulture, words on a tombstone, writing, collections of works anthology and the existence of keepsake. Investigated records of royal family, Sancheong-gun papers, Sancheong Hyanggyo papers, Dongyuhagan, Chosun Hanryuseungram and the record of Sawoo Munjip(anthology). Analyzed Roh Jungwoo`s conversation that tells Riu Euitae is a teacher of Heo Jun and contents of an encyclopedia. Listened to testimony of descendants and assertions of historian in rural area. Verified voice recording on books taken from at birthplace and the space of activity. Results: Yoo Itae is well shown in various records and medical writing books, whereas Riu Euitae does not. Riu Euitae is not a real person in the history. Roh Jeongwoo who asserts Riu Euitae is a teacher of Heo Jun admits his mistake. But, the encyclopedia record describing Riu Euitae is a teacher of Heo Jun, government official at Sancheong district office, historians in rural area, historians in rural area who made a family shrine, gravestone, a statue, memorial, historic site of Riu Euitae on Jinju Rui could not suggest any evidences for the existence of Riu Euitae and for record Riu Euitae is a teacher of Heo Jun. Conclusion : Riu Euitae is neither a real person in the history nor a teacher of Heo Jun. Riu Euitae came from pronunciation confusion between ‘I’ and ‘Eui’ in Kyungsang province. Riu Euitae is Yoo Itae on Geochang Yoo who was a medical doctor of King, Sukjeong and wrote medical books including <Majinpyun>, <Silheomdanbang>, <Inseomungyunrog>.

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.