서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

일제 최후기 조선문학과 중국

김재용 ( Kim Jae-yong ) 한국문학연구학회 2018 현대문학의 연구 Vol.0 No.65

1943년 말 이후 일제는 ‘결전’을 외치면서 최후의 발악을 하였다. 미국의 전력에 밀려 연패하게 되자 학병을 동원하는 등 이전에는 볼 수 없었던 총동원전을 펼쳤다. 이러한 정세의 변화에 따라 조선문학인들을 중국을 새롭게 인식하였다. 일제에 협력하던 이들은 일본의 직접적인 통치로 장악되고 있던 만주국을 대동아공영권의 새로운 연대 거점으로 상상하였다. 만주국 예문연맹에서 개최한 만주국결전예문회의에 주요 한과 최재서가 각각 1943년과 1944년에 참가한 것은 그 대표적인 일이다. 일제는 만주국에서 펼쳤던 오족협화도 포기할 정도로 모든 만주국민들을 전쟁에 동원하였다. 동화형의 친일협력을 주장하였던 주요한 과, 혼재형의 친일협력을 주장하였던 최재서는 그 지향하는 바에 있어 일정한 차이가 있기는 하였지만 기본적으로 대동아공영권 건설에 모든 것을 바쳤다. 일제에 저항하였던 이들은 한때 내선일체를 피해 준 망명지 역할을 하였던 만주국에 더 이상 관심을 두지 않고 중국 항일 전선이 펼쳐지던 태항산 쪽으로 망명한다. 1944년에 김태준이, 1945년에 김사량이 각각 연안지역으로 망명한 것은 그 대표적이다. 이 두 작가는 일제가 학병을 동원하는 등 총력전을 펼치는 것을 보면서 일본이 곧 망하리라고 판단하였다. 김태준은 항일 혁명운동의 새로운 전망을 위해 연안으로 갔고, 김사량은 글쓰기를 통하여 끝까지 버티고자 했던 노력이 힘들게 되자 연안으로 망명하였다. 상이한 전망의 차이에도 불구하고 이들은 모두 중국 공산당의 항일 전선이었던 연안이 자신들의 새로운 출구라고 생각하였던 것이다. 일제 최후기에 이르면 조선의 문학인들은 협력과 저항이란 자신의 태도에 따라 중국을 다르게 상상하였다. 협력 문인들에게는 만주국이, 저항 문인들에게는 중국 연안이 새롭게 다가왔다. Since the end of 1943, Japan has gone to its last phase of war shouting decisive battle. Japanese Empire used to mobilize university students to engage in a total war that had never been seen before. According to these changes, Joseon writers newly recognized China. The collaborators of the Japanese colonial rule imagined Manchukuo, which was dominated by Japan's direct rule, as a new joint hub of the Greater East Asia Community. It is typical that Joo Yo-han and Choi Jae-seo participated in the Congress of Manchukuo Writers for Fighting, which was held by the Manchukuo Federation of Literature and Arts, in 1943 and 1944, respectively. Japan mobilized all the Manchurian people in the war giving up ‘harmony of five ethnics. Joo Yo-han, who insisted on pro-Japanese collaboration in a assimilation basis, and Choi Jae-seo, who insisted on pro-Japanese collaboration in a association basis made every efforts to build Greater East Asia Co-prosperity, despite of little difference in their direction. Those who resisted the Japanese colonial rule no longer pay attention to Manchukuo, which once served as an asylum for avoiding the coersion, and ran into Yenan which is the main area of Chinese communist resistance directed by Mao. Kim Tae-jun, in 1944 and Kim Sa-ryang in 1945 escaped. The two writers saw the Japanese government recruit university students and thought that Japan would soon collapse. Kim Tae-jun went to the Yenan for a new perspective of the anti-Japanese revolution, Kim Sa-ryang went to Yenan when he found it difficult to endure the oppression from colonial government in inner area of Korean peninsula through writing. Despite the differing views, they thought the Yenan, which was base of all anti-Japanese warriors of the Chinese Communist Party, was their new exit. By the end of the Japanese colonial era, scholars of Joseon imagined China differently depending on their attitude of collaboration and resistance. Manchukuo is a new place for writers of collaboration and Yenan for writers of resistance.

개에서 발생한 폐수종의 치료 증례

김유수,심재현,김건우,김지용,이병희,송근호,이영원,김덕환 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 2004 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.12 No.-

A 9 months intact male American bull dog with chief complaints of dry cough, dyspnea and fever was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Chungnam National University. Based on the findings of physical examination, radiological examination, and blood and blood chemical examinations, the present patient was diagnosed into pulmonary edema secondary to primary bacterial and aspiration pneumonia. The patient was hospitalized and treated with buscopan, cephazolin and furosemide for 1 week. His activity and appetite was returned to normal and thoracic radiographs revealed that Jung was recovered to the normal condition after treatment for 7 days. The present patient was a case with pulmonary edema showed favorable therapeutic responses to proper medication.

서울의 PPNG 발생 빈도(1991-1992)

김재홍,윤기범,박평원,김영진,전경민,김영태,김중환,곽호,구상완,송민석,유옥,지혜구,김동원,문상은,박영립,정승호,성범진,성순제,엄주용,황정열,이기홍,이주협,전태진 대한화학요법학회 1994 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.12 No.1

The prevalence of PPNG among pretreated gonorrhea cases isolated at the STD clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul has been studied and reported annually since 1981. In 1991, 123 strains of N.gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 58(47.1%) were PPNG. In 1992, 98 starains of N.gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 51(52.0%) were PPNG. In all, 109(49.3%) strains were found to be PPNG among 221 strains isolated between 1991-1992. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul showed increased tendency till 1989, thereafter, it has been stationary or slightly decreasing.

어깨 근막통 증후군에서 어깨 관절운동범위에 대한 분석

김정수,김인아,이수진,김용규,박시복,고재우,송재철 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Objective: This study was carried out to investigate if the measurement of range of motion(ROM) could be applied in the diagnosis of Myofascial Pain Syndrome(MPS) and to determine the severity by analyzing ROM in MPS patients. Methods: The study subjects were 476 female telephone number information service workers. Southampton Protocol and Pittsburgh Protocol were used to diagnose MPS and to measure ROM. ROMs were measured by 2 inclinometers exercising each shoulder passively and actively in 5 directions ; abduction, forward flexion, extension, external rotation, and internal rotation. Results: Compared to the normal group (n=147), the mean of right side ROM in the subjects (n=270) with same side MPS was 2.1˚ (SD=11.5) lesser in active extension and 1.7˚ (SD=10.4) lesser in passive extension. Compared to the mild group (n=210), the mean of right side ROM in the patients with same side severe MPS (N=58) was lesser in all directions. Especially in active forward flexion, passive forward flexion, active extension, passive extension and active external rotation, ROM in the subjects with severe MPS was lesser by 6.5˚ (SD=13.1), 5.1˚ (SD=12.8), 5.9˚ (SD=11.8), 5.0˚ (SD=10.6) and 3.9˚ (SD=9.8), respectively, than those of the subjects with mild MPS. Compared to the subjects with left side mild MPS(n=172), ROM in the subjects with left side severe MPS (n=59) was 5.3˚ (SD=13.3) lesser in active forward flexion. Conclusions: In this study, ROMs in the subjects with severe MPS tended to be lesser than those in mild patients. This tendency was more prominent in the right side than the left, active range of motion than passive and forward flexion and extension than others. The results of this study are expected to help diagnose shoulder MPS and determine severity.

리튬-필로카르핀 경련모델의 특징 : 행동양상, 뇌파, Fos단백의 발현 및 신경병리학적 변화 Behaviors, Electroencephalography, Fos Expression, and Neuropathologic changes

김영인,이광수,김범생,김용재,천명훈,김명석 대한신경과학회 1996 대한신경과학회지 Vol.14 No.1

혈관질환 정보관리 시스템

김동익,김덕경,허세호,이병붕,김용신,김은숙,문지영,도영수,신성욱,김동수,김만태,진재욱,김용신 대한혈관외과학회 2002 Vascular Specialist International Vol.18 No.1

As medical technology progresses rapidly, there is a rise in the average age along with the Korean dietary lifestyle becoming more westernized, which leads to an increase in the number of vascular disease patients in Korea. Thus, we need to manage the medical information of a disease systematically in order to diagnose and treat constructively. However, since there has been no standardized method of man agement to date, a great deal of information could not be properly utilized nor studied. Therefore, the departments of Cardiology, Radiology and Neurology of Samsung Seoul Hospital recently got together to develop an information management system called the Vascular Data System. This program was developed to be run on win98 O/S, upper Pentium Ⅲ, and upper 128 MB Memory, and its source code is Dephi 4.0. It was configured for the user to set the configurations as well as do a variety of search and analysis. If this program were to be updated continuously, it may be used extensively as well as in various parts of clinical research activities.

자동차 조립작업자의 사회ㆍ심리적 스트레스와 근골격계 증상과의 연관성

김일룡,김재영,박종태,최재욱,김해준,염용태 대한산업의학회 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.3

목적 : 이 연구는 자동차 조립라인 근로자들의 사회·심리적 스트레스와 작업관련 근골격계 자각증상간의 연관성을 확인하는 데에 있다. 방법 : 경인지역 소재 자동차 회사 두곳의 조립라인에 근무하는 근로자 636명을 대상으로 하여, 근골격계 자각증상에 대해서는 목과 어깨, 팔과 팔꿈치,. 손목과 손, 허리부위에서의 통증, 쑤심, 뻣뻣함, 화끈거림, 무감각 또는 저림 등을 묻는 표준화된 설문지로 질문하였고, 스트레스 정도는 4개 분야, 45개 항목으로 이루어진 Psychosocial Well-being Index 설문지를 배포후 3점 척도를 적용하였다. 이들간에는 카이자승법, ANOVA rm리고 로짓회귀분석을 사용하여 통계적으로 유의한 연관성을 알고자 하였다. 결과 : 1. 수면시간을 제외하고 연령, 근속기간, 결혼여부, 학력수준, 흡연력, 음주력에 따른 상지근골격계 증상의 빈도 차이는 없었다. 2. 30세 미만의 작업자군에서 사회 심리적 스트레스 점수(p-value: 0.0461)와 스트레스 Factor 3 (p-value: 0.0368), Factor 4 (p-value: 0.0053)의 점수가 높았다. 3. 11∼15년의 근속기간을 가진 작업자의 경우 Factor 1을 제외한 PWI(p-value: 0.0001), Factor 2(p-value:0.0001), Factor 3(p-value: 0.0004), Factor 4(p-value: 0.0001)에서 기타의 근속기간을 갖는 동료에 비해 높은 스트레스 점수를 보였다. 4. 미혼자는 Factor 4에서 기혼자보다 높은 스트레스 점수를 보였다(p-value: 0.0068). 5. 수면시간이 6시간 이하인 작업자군은 6시간을 초과하는 작업자보다 PWI(p-value: 0.0087), Factor 2(p-value: 0.0194), Factor 3(p-value: 0.0048), Factor 4(p-value: 0.0314) 등에서 높은 스트레스 점수를 보였다. 6. 스트레스 점수는 정규분포를 이루었으며 정상군과 스트레스위험군간에 증상의 빈도 차이는 없었다. 7. 근골격계 증상이 있는 작업자군은 무증상군과 비교하여 기타 스트레스 점수는 두 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었으나, Factor 2에서 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 스트레스 점수를 보였고(p-value: 0.028), 단변량(OR: 1.02) 및 다변량(OR: 1.04) 로짓 회귀분석에서도 Factor 2가 양의 회귀계수(0.0226; 0.0352)를 보여 증상에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 결론 : 근골격계 자각 증상이 있는 조립작업자군은 증상이 없는 군에 비해 우울증 항목에서 높은 스트레스 점수를 보였으나 기타 사회적 역할 수행 및 자기신뢰도, 수면장애 및 불안, 일반건강 및 생명력등의 사회심리적 스트레스 항목에서는 두 군간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 로짓회귀분석예서도 우울증이 근골격계 증상에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타나서 비록 제한적이지만 우울증에 해당하는 항목인 Factor 2와 증상간의 연관성을 일부 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나 근골격계 증상발현에는 스트레스 이외에도 인간공학적 혹은 알려지지 않은 요인들 중요하게 작용하므로 이들을 통제한 후의 추가적인 조사를 해야 할 것으로 생각된다. Objectives : To determine the relationship between stress Factors and work-related muscul-loskeletal symptoms of assembly line workers in the automobile industry. Methods : A cross-sectional study was conducted in two Factories of automobile manufacturing companies where inappropriate posture and repetitive motions were required. The total number of subjects was 636, and consisted entirely of men. The Age, length of work duration, marital status, education level, smoking status, drinking status, sleeping time and stress scores were investigated according to subgroups of general characteristics. We divided the subjects into a Reference group and a Stress risk group to compare the frequency of the variables between them. The stress scores of the Positive symptom group were compared with the Symptom free group by the t-test. To measure the stress level, the PWI(Psychosocial Well being Index) which consists of 4 Factors, totaling 45 items, was used. A standardized self-reported questionnaire was used to assess the symptoms in workers. The criteria for positive symptoms were based on Operational Definition of Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders of the NIOSH. Results : 1) The subgroups of Age, Work duration, Marital status, Education level, Smoking status, Drinking status and Sleeping time revealed no differences in frequencies in musculoskeletal symptoms. 2) Higher PWI(p<0.05), Factor 3(p>0.05) and Factor 4(p<0.01) scores were observed in younger workers compared with older workers. 3) The workers who had work durations betwen 11-15 years showed higher PWI(p<0.01), Factor 2(p<0.01), Factor 3(p<0.01), and Factor 4(p<0.01), compared with other work duration subgroups. 4) Singles had higher Factor 4 scores(p<0.01). 5) The sleeping time of less than 6 hours a day expressed a higher PWI(p<0.01), Factor 2(p<0.05), and Factor 3(p<0.01), Factor 4(p<0.05). 6) There was no difference in the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms between the Reference group and Stress risk group. 7) The subjects who had Positive musculoskeletal symptoms showed a significant difference in Factor 2 scores compared with the Symptom free groups. 8) According to a univariate logistic regression analysis, Factor 2(OR: 1.02, 95% CI:1.00-1.04, p-value: 0.0291) expressed significant but mild effects on the musculoskeletal symptoms and a multivariate logistic regression showed a statistically significant effect on musculoskeletal symptoms(OR:1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.07, p-value: 0.0170). Conclusion : Psychosocial stress scores were not higher in symptomatic subjects compared with those who had no symptoms. Sleeping longer showed a protective effect on symptoms but this was not statistically significant. There was no relationship between the stress scores and musculoskeletal symptoms in social performance and self-confidence, general well-being and vitality. Factor 2(Depression) was statistically significant though its effect was mild. Limited to this study, We could find partial relationship between psychosocial stress(Depression) and musculoskeletal symptoms. So it could therefore be suspected that ergonomic or other unknown factors may be more significant causes of musculoskeletal symptoms but we did not investigate these.

진균성 부비동염의 임상적 양상과 내시경수술의 치료 결과

이봉재,김혁,김재호,김용재 대한이비인후과학회 1998 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.41 No.3

한국인 갑상선 수질암 환자에서 RET 원종양유전자 점돌연변이 양상

김형훈,김현진,정윤재,민용기,이명식,이문규,김광원,기창석,김종원,정재훈 대한내분비학회 2003 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.18 No.4

연구배경: 갑상선 수질암의 25∼30%는 유전성으로 발현되는데, MEN 2A, MEN 2B 또는 가족성 수질암의 형태로 나타난다. RET 원종양유전자의 점돌연변이가 유전성 갑상선 수질암의 발생에 중요한 역할을 하므로, 진단 당시의 연령이나 가족력 유무에 관계없이 모든 갑상선 수질암 환자나 또는 RET 변이가 발견된 수질암 환자의 가족 구성원들에서 RET 변이 검색을 하여야 한다. 또한 일부 문헌에서 RET 변이의 양상에따라 임상상이 다르게 표현됨이 보고된 바 있다. 이에 저자들은 한국인 갑상선 수질암 환자에서 RET 원종양유전자의 점돌연변이의 양성률을 알아보고, 변이 양상에 따른 임상상의 차이가 있는지를 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 치근 7년간 본원에서 갑상선절제술을 통해 갑상선 수질암으로 진단받은 29예에서 RET 원종양유전자의 점돌연변이 검사를 시행하였다. 29예의 평균연령은 39세(20∼60세)이었고, 남자 7예, 여자 22예 이었다. 이들의 말초혈액에서 genomic DNA를 분리하고, 특이 시발차를 이용하여 RET 원종양유전자의 exon10, 11, 13, 14, 16부위를 증폭하였다. 증폭된 부위를 자동염기서열분석기를 이용하여 직접 분석하였다. 양성으로 나온 경우는 모든 가족 구성원을 대상으로 RET 변이 유무를 검색하였다. 결과: 대상 환자 29예 중 9예 (31%)에서 RET 원종양유전자 점돌연변이가 발견되었다 RET 변이가 발견된 9예 (남자 3예, 여자 6예)의 평균 연령은 33세 (20∼51세)로 RET 변이가 발견되지 않은 20예의 평균연령 42세(24∼60세)보다 의미 있게 적었다. RET 변이가 발견된 9예 중 MEN 2A가 5예, 가족성 수질암이 1예, 그리고 산발성 수질암이 3예이었고, MEN 2B는단 1예도 진단되지 않았다. MEN 2A 5예 중 4예는 exon 11의 codon 634번(C634R 2예, C634Y 2예)에서, 그리고 나머지 1예는exon 10의 codon 618번 (C618R)에서 변이가 각각 발견되었다. 가족성 수질암 1아는 codon 634번(C634W)에서, 산발성 수질암 3예도 모두 codon 634번 (C634y 2예, C634s 1예)에서 각각 변이가 발견되었다. RET변이 양상 또는 위치에 따른 임상상의 차이는 발견할 수 없었다. 결론: 갑상선 수질암 환자 31%에서 RET 원종양유전자의 점돌연변이를 발견할 수 있었다. 유전성 수질암 중 가족성 수질암 1예를 제외하고 나머지 5예는MEN 2A이었다. 저자들의 5예와 지금까지 국내에서 보고 된 7예를 합친 국내 MEN 2A 12예 중 75% (9/12)는 exon 11의codon 634번(C634R 4예, C634y 4예, C634w 1예)에서, 그리고 나머지 25% (3/12)는 exon 10의 codon618번(C618R 2예, C618s 1예)에서 변이가 발견되었다. 국내에서는 codon 634과 codon 618 두 곳에만 국한된 양상이었고, codon 634에서의 C634R 변이는 1/3에서만 나타났다. 비록 본 연구에서는 제한된 환자 수 때문에 변이 양상과 임상상의 관계를 규명할 수 없었지만, 향후 많은 수의 환자를 대상으로 전향적인 연구를 시행하여 genotype-phenotype 관계 규명을 하는 것이 필요하다. Background: Medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTC) have been reported as hereditary in about 25 -30% of cases. The identification of germline mutation in RET proto-oncogene is important in the diagnosis of hereditary MTC, and occurs in three forms: MEN 2A, MEN 2B and familial MTC (FMTC). To evaluate the prevalence of the relationship of RET proto-oncogene mutation and genotype-phenotype was studied in Korean patients with MTC. Methods: Genomic DNA was obtained from 29 patients, with MTC, who underwent a total thyroidectomy, between 1997 and 2003, at the Samsung Medical Center. There were 7 male and 22 female patients, with an average age of 39, ranging from 20 to 60 years. Exon 10, 11, 13, 14 and 16 of the RET proto-oncogene were amplified, with specific primers, using PCR. A sequencing analysis was performed on the PCR product using an automatic sequencing analyzer. Results: Nine of the 29 patients (31%) were identified as having RET mutations. The average age of these 9 patients was 33 years, ranging from 20 to 51, with a female to male ratio of 2. Five patients had MEN 2A and one had FMTC, with the other 3 thought to have non-hereditary (sporadic) MTC. The 4 patients with MEN 2A had RET mutations on codon 634 of exon 11 (2 patients, C634R; 2 patients, C634Y) and the other patient on codon 618 of exon 10 (C618R). One patient with FMTC had a mutation on codon 634 (C634W). Three patients with sporadic MTC had RET mutations on codon 634 (2 patients, C634Y; 1 patient, C634S). However, no genotype- phenotype relationship could be found, due to the limited number of patients. Conclusion: Thirty-one percent (9/29) of the patients with MTC had RET proto-oncogene mutations. Three-quarters (9/12) of the Korean patients with MEN 2A, including another 7 patients reported in 3 papers in Korea, had RET mutations on codon 634 of exon 11 (4 patients, C634R; 4 patients, C634Y; 1 patient, C634W), but a quarter (3/12) had mutations on codon 618 of exon 10 (2 patients, C618R; 1 patient, C618S). Although no relations could be found between the genotypes and phenotypes, extensive prospective studies will be required to verify this (J Kor SOC Endocrinol 18:360-370, 2003).