농업용수 수질기준의 문제점 및 개선대책 : 외국사례와의 비교를 통해

김진호,이종식,정구복,윤순강,고문환,심재천,권순국 한국국제농업개발학회 2003 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.15 No.3

우리나라 농업용수 수질기준과 다른 국가 또는 농업관련 국제기구의 수질기준에 대한 비교분석을 통해 우리나라 농업용수 수질기준의 문제점 도출과 해결방안을 모색코자 본 연구를 수행하게 되었으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 우리나라 농업용수 수질기준은 관개용수 수질기준이 아니고, 수원보호측면의 수질기준이라 할 수 있다. 2. 우리나라 수질기준중 유기물지표가 하천과 호소에 따라 BOD와 COD로 이원화되어 있고, 특히 COD의 경우 산화제로 KMnO4를 사용함으로써 효과적인 유기물지표로 활용할 수 없는 실정이다. 농업용수로의 활용측면에서는 K₂Cr₂O_(7)을 이용한 COD를 기준으로 도입하는 것이 유기물 분해능 및 수중의 유기물지표로 활용하고 있는 국제적 데이터 일치를 위해서도 타당하다. 3. 우리나라 농업용수 수질기준은 캐나다와 FAO에서 제시하고 있는 염류에 대한 기준은 거의 없는 실정이다. 또한 양이온에 대한 기준도 없다. 염류의 기준이 모든 이온 존재의 가능성을 의미하므로, 실험치 및 외국문헌에 의한 1.0dS/m수준을 한계농도로 선정해야 한다. 4. FAO와 캐나다에서 사용하고 있는 축산용수에 대한 수질기준이 없다. 5. 관개용 농업용수가 농업(작물)에 미칠 수 있는 영향을 평가하기 위해서는 수원별로 수질기준이 다른 것이 큰 모순이다. 따라서 관계부처에서는 부처간의 이해를 떠난 수질기준을 설정해야 한다. 6. 우리나라 농업용수 수질기준의 모순점을 극복하기 위해서는 농업의 안전성확보측면 위해 관개용수 수질기준과 축산용수 수질기준을 조속히 제정해야 할 것이다. Present problems and possible solutions on the Water Quality Standards for Agriculture in Korea, were identified in the study. Because the Ministry of Environment made the laws and standards without consulting the agri-scientists, among others, the water quality standards formulated were not suitable standards of FAO, Japan, Canada, and the likes. The BOD and COD are the organic materials indicators. In case of rivers, BOD are set for the indicator. And at reservoirs. COD are set. Especially. COD was analysed using KMnO₄It is not suitable oxidizing agent for COD. Because the oxidic capacity is very low. So, in most developed country, K₂Cr₂O_(7) is usually used to analyze COD. And the salts and cations are not belonged to the Korean Water Quality Standards for Agriculture. The water quality standards for agriculture have big differences among lakes, rivers and groundwater. To apply different standards by resources to evaluate the relationship between water and crops is conflicting. So, to overcome the these problems, the suitable water quality standards for irrigation and livestock should be set.

지식관리시스템을 이용한 건축물의 공정리스크 대응방안 : 토공사를 중심으로 Focused on the Earth Work

김선국,박지훈,서상욱 대한건축학회 2005 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.21 No.1

The management of scheduling risks is a key task for the successful construction project However, the pertinent researches are not sufficiently made so far and thus, the specific responses against scheduling risks are not proposed as web The risks begin to happen in the stage of construction planning and site work and, therefore, It is necessary to analyze the process of each task to derive the risks beforehand In this research, after the process of each work trade is drawn up by Knowledge Management System (KMS) techniques, various risk factors are derived from the process Moreover, the details of response by whom, when and how to deal With the risks are proposed in the paper and the responding pointy of risk factors is surveyed for the efficient scheduling risk management The Idea proposed in the paper might be applied to check and list up the scheduling risks of each work trade in advance, to minimize the occurrence of the risks and to control the risks actively

Cisplatin 병용화학요법시 발생한 오심, 구토에 대한 Ondansetron과 Metoclopramide의 효과에 대한 비교

김미자,국기용,김태원,박유환,김완중,허경,정춘해,홍순표 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1993 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.18 No.1

Inspite of possible effects for emesis following chemotherapy including cisplatin, nausea and vomiting are the most unpleasant side effects of cancer chemotherapy. None of the currently available antiemetic agents is entirely effective preventing emesis. Ondansetron, a 5-HT(5-hydroxytryptamine)_(3) receptor antagonist, has been shown to be effective antiemetic agent in the control of cisplatin induced emesis. Twenty solid tumor patients who are scheduled to receive cisplatin containing combination chemotherapy participated in a prospectively randomized study to compare the antiemetic efficacy and safety of ondansetron and metoclopramide. Ondansetron was given in dose of 8mg intravenous 30min before cisplatin and then 4hours and 8hours after cisplatin on day 1, and Ⅰ.Ⅴ. every 8hours from day 2 to 5. In the metoclopramide group, metoclopramide was given in dose of 2 ㎎/㎏ intravenous every 8hours from day 1 to 5. The control of emesis was graded in the following way : complete response, no vomiting : major response, 1-2 emetic episodes : minor response, 3-5 emetic episodes : failure, above 5 emetic episodes. Complete or major response of emesis was achieved 10 of 12(83.2%) patients receiving ondansetron and in 5 of 8(62.5%) patients receiving metoclopramide, but effectiveness was not significantly different. Ondansetron was at least as effective as metoclopramide therapy in controlling cisplatin induced emesis. Side effects in ondansetron was less than in Metoclopramide.

국내 건설업체의 경영 및 조직현황에 대한 인식 분석

김선국,송용식 대한건축학회 2005 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.21 No.1

Recent rapid change of managerial environment requires firms to establish comprehensive strategic planning and build corresponding organization Responding to the change, although domestic construction firms have exerted all possible efforts, such as organizational restructuring or re-engineering, benchmarking, autonomous and responsible management so far, the analyses of the effectiveness and outcome for the efforts have not been thoroughly made Restructuring or redesign of organization without strategic planning might have bad influence on the corporate management, thus stepwise organization structuring strategy should be followed by long-tenn strategy to maximize managenal outcome The corporate strategy must be built with the comprehensive analysis of managerial environment and the corresponding organizational structure be designed as well The purpose of this paper is to analyze the experts' cognition of managerial and organizational status of their construction firms and the results will be used for establishing corporate strategy and building organizational structure in future

보편적 이동전화 서비스를 위한 방안에 관한 연구

김영곤,노순국,박창균 조선대학교 전자정보통신연구소 2000 電子情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.3 No.1

Mobile phone service one of services for the realization of high information society of 21C, has made and repeated a rapid development. Now our country, the subscriber number of mobile communication has outrun the one of wire telephone But several problems caused by that has been making appearance on the stage as a new social phenomenon are appeared In this study at time of information and communication in 21C one of the problems caused by mobile phone rapidly developing, to choose universal service of mobile phone, as compare the cases of many advanced countries with present our conutry situation, we propose that the methods for the offer of universal service of mobile phone

공동주택 공사의 통계적 코스트 모델의 시스템화 연구

김선국 경희대학교 부설 디자인연구원 1998 예술· 디자인학연구 Vol.1 No.1

Statistical cost models can provide construction cost quicker and more reliable than traditional ones if the collected cost data are sufficient enough to analyze the trends of the variables, such as the cost, shape, height, total floor area, or other variable of apartment housing projects. The reliable and explainable construction cost can be estimated at the early stage by using the actual cost data analytically and systematically. Although many scholars have made researches in the cost modeling techniques, they have difficulties in developing a computerized system due to the following problems. (1)Updating cost database periodically with the addition of actual cost data (2)Rebuilding cost models subsequently with the updated cost data (3)Proving the practical validity of the models The objective of the study is to provide a methodology for developing a system to improve the above problems and estimate more reliable construction cost with the past data of apartment housing projects. The proposed methodology is implemented into a computerized system with which each participant makes an estimate for her or his own goal.

우리나라 중부지방의 시설원에 토양 및 지하수 환경

김진호,이종식,김원일,정구복,윤순강,정연태,권순국 한국환경농학회 2002 한국환경농학회지 Vol.21 No.2

연구대상 시설재배지 토양의 물리성은 대부분이 모래의 비율이 높은 sandy loam이나 loam으로 투수성이 양호할 것으로 판단되나, P2나 S1에서는 미사의 비율이 높은 미사 loam으로 투수성 및 통기성이 상대적으로 낮은 것으로 판단된다. 토양의 화학성은 EC의 경우 표토의 대부분이 기준치에 도달하거나, 초과하는 경향이었고, 심토의 경우는 기준치 이하로 조사되었다. 또한 유기물 함량은 적정수준 2~3%보다 조사 대상 지점의 대부분에서 상회하였고, 심토의 일부분도 이 수준을 넘는 곳도 있었다. 조사 대상 지역의 수질 특성 중 시설재배지 지하수의 가장 중요한 염류 지표인 EC는 연평균 0.48 dS/m로 농업용수로서 작물에 미치는 영향은 없는 것으로 판단되나, 수질오염지표인 질산성 질소의 경우 19.1 mg/L 로 농업용수 수질 기준인 20 mg/L에 근접한 수준을 나타내었다. 특히 조사 대상 지점의 36.4%가 수질 기준을 초과하는 것으로 나타났다. 지하수중의 이온의 양과 영양염류의 양을 간접적으로 나타내는 전기전도도인 EC는 양이온인 경우 Mg^(2+), Ca^(2+), Na^+, K^+와 정의상관이 있었으며, 특히 2가 양이온인 Mg^(2+)와 Ca^(2+)간에는 고도의 정의상관을 보이고 있었다. 또한 EC와 음이온간에는 NO_3^-, Cl^-, SO_4^(2-), PO_4^(2-)와 상관을 보이고 있었다. 지하수의 오염지표인 NO_3-N의 경우에는 COD를 제외한 모든 이온들과 상관을 보이고 있었다. 특히 SO_4^(2-), Cl^-, Na^+, Ca^(2+), Mg^(2+)와는 고도의 정의 상관을 보여주고 있다. 이는 NO_3-N는 EC와 함께 지하수오염의 중요한 지표중의 하나임을 보여주고 있다. The objective of this study was to know the qualities of soil and shallow groundwater in plastic film house fields around Central Part of Korea. The study was conducted at 11 sites in Suweon, Hwasung, Pyungtaek, Yongin, and Chuncheon through May to August in 1999. Soil textures of plastic films house were mainly sandy loam or loam. Electric conductivity and organic matter content of surface soils mostly exceeded the critical levels for crop production. Average concentration of N0_3-N in the shallow groundwater was 19.1 mg/L, and it reached almost the limiting level of agricultural groundwater quality (20 mg/L). Moreover about 36% of survey sites exceeded the limiting level of agricultural groundwater quality. Sulfate concentrations also at some sites exceeded agricultural groundwater quality limit level (50 mg/L). Nitrate-N, one of the most important factors in the groundwater quality, had positive correlations with other ions in groundwater.

대전지방 도시단독주택 외부공간 구성요소의 형태에 관한 조사연구

金尙謙,權善國,宋容浩 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1986 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.1 No.2

This is a study on the formal characters of the gate, fence, court focused on the urban detached houses comparing with traditional houses. The elements-gate, fence, court-affect the space of houses. On the planner's point of view, domestic space should be regarded as a field of human activities. The domestic space is divided into the external and the internal space by exterior wall, the external space is defined by a fence. This study is performed by surveying the type, size, function, height of the elements and comparing them with the traditional elements. The results of this survey are as follows. 1) The gate has a meaning of threshold and also has a symbol of separating. 2) The usual meaning of the fence is to defend from stranger and to enclose space and so on. 3) The court is the internal space and has physical as well as psychological effects.

集中力訓練이 數學敎科 學習力에 미치는 影響

金永國,朴화燁,權五韓,李善娥 서원대학교 교육연구소 1999 敎育發展 Vol.18 No.2

This study was to analyze the effects of the training of mental concentration on the learning of mathematics. The assumption was to support that the higher the level of mental concentration the higher the achievements of mathematics. For the verification of the assumption were the following five questions listed. First, how can the trained variable of mental concentration be transformable into visual abilities for reading? Second, how can the trained variable of mental concentration be transformable into reading speed? Third, how can the trained variable of mental concentration be transformable into reading comprehension? Third, how can the trained variable of mental concentration be transformable into reading comprehension? Fourth, how can the trained variable of mental concentration be transformable into the higher level of mathematics learning? Fifth, how can the trained variable of mental concentration be transformable into the higher level of school achievements? Two matched groups of junior high school students were sampled for the experiment: One was experimental group for learning mental concentration program, and the other was controlled one. It took eighty-eight days to finish experiment. To the above questions were the answeres listed as the follows: For the independent variables manipulated was it showed that the posttest scores of visual performances focussed on reading were significantly higher than the pretest ones, that the posttest scores of reading speed variable were significantly higher than the pretest ones, and that in verifying the performance of experimental group the posttest scores of reading comprehension variable were not significantly higher than the pretest ones in controlled group. For the dependent variables was is showed that there were no significant differences of mathematics performances between the experimental and control group. And that there were no significant differences of academic performances between the experimental and control group. However, the three consecutive test scores of mathematics of experimental group were higher than the controlled one from the first sessions with treatment of mental concetration through the second to the third one without no treatment. It was concluded that there could exist the differences of learning and development rate in students' traits preformed in acedemic achievements when students were taught to learn mental concentration program designed for extra-curriculum.

CAD 모델에 의한 마감물량 산출 시스템에 관한 연구

김선국 경희대학교 산학협력기술연구원 1996 산학협력기술연구논문집 Vol.2 No.-

Although the efforts to extract construction materials from the CAD drawings have been exerted over years, there have been difficulties in developing a practical system due to the several problems: the building modeling concept which takes the subsequent estimate into account; the material taking-off method; and the database management. In this paper, a methodology that efficiently links the estimate concept by the take-off sheet with a CAD design model is proposed to solve the above mentioned problems which give the inefficiency to draftsmen and estimators. The proposed ideas are implemented to be operated on the personal computer and proved highly effective in the management of databases and the material taking-off for residential areas.