세종대의 북방 개척과 김수연(金壽延)

김만호 ( Man-ho Kim ) 전남대학교 호남학연구원 2016 호남학 Vol.0 No.59

Kim Su-yeon (1405-1455), who is from Naju, South Jeolla Province, made a contribution of Northern settlement during the reign of King Sejong. Kim Tak, a great-grandfather of Kim Su-yeon, retired to the countryside, in Naju due to the establishment of the new Joseon dynasty. There he began the Sijungtakpa branch of the Gimhae Kim clan. While Kim Su-yeon worked as a military officer in the early part of the reign of King Sejong, he took the alseongsi examination in military science in September 1434 (16th year of the Sejong era). He excelled in military arts and in the classics, finishing in first place, showing his dual capacity in literature and war. The scarlet certification, or hongpae (issued by royal edict to such qualifiers at the time), is still maintained by his descendants today. This material is extremely rare and carries immense significance. It also works as an aid in understanding the Gyeongguk Daejeon (Great Book of State Service), the tasks of old bureaucrats and royal seals and so forth. Immediately after passing, Kim was selected to be Choi Yun-deok’s official of the army. In January of 1435 (17th year of Sejong’s reign), 2,700 Jurchen cavalry soldiers invaded Yeoyeon fortress. Kim successfully defended the castle, subsequently led a squad of crack troops and successfully pursuing enemy forces without being caught in any ambushes. In 1438, while working under Kim Jong-seo in the 6 jin (outposts) area, Kim Su-yeon ruled over the Gyeong-heung area. In 1443, High General Kim Su-yeon won acclaim for meritorious deeds in the Battle of Bocheong Riverbanks (Bocheong-po) at Jongseong. In August 1455 (first year of Sejo), while in charge of frontier areas as a commanding general, Kim met his fate. As an adept student and capable officer, Kim Su-yeon readily passed the national examinations, going on to work in the North and Northeast, at the Sagun-Yukjin area(literally, “four counties, six outposts”). Kim, working with Choi Yun-deok and Kim Jong-seo, was instrumental in implementing King Sejong’s plan for the settlement of the North. Further studies of their work and that of other officers and generals bureaucrats are hoped to yield yet more concrete details on the implementation of the Northern Settlement Campaign.

김균진의 신학과 신학적 공헌

김명용 연세대학교 신과대학 2009 신학논단 Vol.56 No.-

Kyun Jin Kim is one of very important modem theologians in Korea. He was president of Korean society of systematic theology and is now president of Korean society for Karl Barth's theology. He has served more than 30 years as professor of systematic theology at Yonsei university. He has made a big impact on Korean theology. I. Kyun Jin Kim' theological characteristics 1. Kyun Jin Kim's theology is a theology of the kingdom of God. Although soul salvation plays a big role in Kim' theology, the kingdom of God is the core of his theology. He has written his doctrine of systematic theology in the light of the kingdom of God. It is the purpose of his theology to establish the kingdom of God on the earth. 2. Kyun Jin Kim' theology is a messianic theology. According to Kim, it is important to know that Christ was the messiah. Kim denies that the concept messiah is interpreted only spiritually. He can be a political messiah, although he doesn't want to rule the world with coercive power. He is the messiah who saves not only our souls, but also the world and the earth. 3. Kyun Jin Kim's theology is a holistic theology. He is not interested in a biased theology. He loves holistic theological view. According to Kim, Korean Min Jung theology lacks this holistic view, although it shows us very important field to establish the kingdom of God. Ⅱ. Kyun Jin Kim's theological contributions 1. Kyun Jin Kim's first theological contribution to Korean theology is his five books of systematic theology. He accomplished his doctrine of systematic theology. His five books of systematic theology can be valued in Korean like Church Dogmatics of Karl Barth. 2. Kyun Jin Kim's theology is very academic. His theology is a very high level theology which can compete with european theologies. It is important to know that european theologians should learn from his theology. 3. Kyun Jin Kim's third theological contribution is his translation of many books of J. Moltmann. He translated into Korean the crucified God, Trinity and Kingdom of God, the Way of Jesus Christ, Sprit of life, the coming God etc. 4. Kyun Jin Kim's forth theological contribution is his contribution to the theology of life. He develops a very high level theology of life in Korea.

김유신 장군의 활약과 리더쉽

( Kim Gapdong ) 대전대학교 국제군사안보연구원 2008 국제군사안보연구(안보군사학연구) Vol.- No.6

Hometown of Kim Yousin(金庾信) was Keunguangaya(金官伽倻), Kimhae(金海). But his great-grandfather, Kim Goohae(金仇亥) surrendered to Shilla(新羅) dynasty. Therefore His family lived in Kyungjoo(慶州), the capital of Shilla. His grandfather and father all was military man. After Moonhi, younger sister of Kim Yousin, married to Kim ChoonChoo(金春秋), Kim Yousin began to succeed in life. Because Kim ChoonChoo was a member of royalty. Kim Yousin became a general, and severaltimes victoried in the battle with Backje army. After a while Kim ChoonChoo acceded to the throne. Thanks to help by Kim Yousin, Kim ChoonChoo destroied Backje(百濟) dynasty. Kim Yousin had excellent leadership. He made the most of his own good point. He taked up the running and deeply trusted his men. He gave his men a motivation. His excellent leadership was the motive power of unification of three kingdoms by Shilla dynasty.

김정일의 『영화예술론』과 북한영화 - 1973년부터 1980년까지 제작된 북한영화를 중심으로 -

김윤지 ( Youn Jee Kim ) 한양대학교 대학원 논문집(영화학과) 2006 시네마 Vol.2 No.-

In North Korea, the cinema is method to teach the masses. Especially, Kim Il-Sung and Kim Jong-Il thought that the cinema was produced in a breeze. Because the cinema moved the majority of the masses to sympathize with the emotions. In 1970s, the Kim administration was stabilized therefore Kim Jong-Il made many concrete policies about the cinema. That is to say, the North Korean cinema was formalized by Kim Jong-Il`s instruction during that time. In 1973, Kim Jong-Il published 『On the Art of Cinema』, The book was a 332-page treatise on how to act, film, direct, edit and score a movie. Aimed at North Koreans, the book had its share of stupefying ideas but also some legitimate tenets and some beliefs that might be shared by a film critic. By constitution, North korea`s all movies was influenced by the book hence understanding the book was important. It made comprehending North Korean cinema possible. In 1970s, the juche ideology was organized well and constitutional law was made public at least. So Kim Jong-Il started effort for acquiring a position of successor earnestly. He developed the concept of the `Revolutionary View of the Leader` into a more theoretical and systemized form by presenting the `Theory of the Immortal(Socio)-Political Body`. It says the Suryong. Moreover he completed Kim Il Sungism. According to the book, Kim Jong-Il claimed that all movies in North Korea was produced by juche ideology inclusive of Suryong-non and Kim Il Sungism. Then the movies on the basis of the book had a few keynotes. There were the same subjects repeatedly, standardization, narration, excessive expressions. These problems brought on deterioration in quality of North Korean cinema.

한훤당(寒暄堂), 김굉필(金宏弼)에 대한 역사학계의 연구 성과와 전망

김훈식 ( Hun Sik Kim ) 경북대학교 영남문화연구원 2012 영남학 Vol.0 No.22

The Theory of Dotong(道統) has reigned The understanding of Confucian history in Choseon Dynasty. Therefore, the existing studies of Kim Going-pil(金宏弼), an Confucian scholar in 15thcentury, has been strongly affected by the Theory of Dotong. This misunderstanding about Kim Going-pil was due to lack of critical apparatus. Recently there are some new researches interpreting the life of Kim Going-pil and his acadmic achivements in different way from the Theory of Dotong. This article is to summary existing studies and seek the way to overcome the Theory of Dotong for understanding Kim Going-pil. The existing studies about Kim Going-pil has called his thought as Moral Philosophy(道學) and called him as the progenitor of Moral Philosophy. However this view has caused the problem of subjectivity. Since the concept of Moral Philosophy had been existed before Kim Going-pil, and it can be interpreted in various ways. Therefore, this article would suggest that his thought should be interpreted in historical context of Moral Philosophy. 『SoHak(小學)』 is one of the most important subject to explain Kim Going-pil`s Moral Philosophy. The point is the difference between his 『SoHak』 and the 『SoHak』 before his study. 『SoHak』 had been emphasized as textbook for KwaGeo(科擧) and for children`s education. In opposition, Kim Going-pil`s 『SoHak』 had no relationship with KwaG대 and he studied 『SoHak』 for his lifetime. 『SoHak』 had so large part of Kim Going-pil`s study that most researches on him leaned toward 『SoHak』. In the result of those biased studies, Kim Going-pil has been seen that he only focused on moral training(修己) instead of governing(治人). But, this article insist of the view that 『SoHak』 and 『DaeHak(大學)』 were connected in his Moral Philosophy organizationally would be appropriate. Kim Going-pil`s personal relations are also useful way to understand his academic and political position in history of Chosun Dynasty. The relationship between Kim Going-pil and Kim Jong-jik(金宗直), his master, is very important part to understand Kim Going-pil. Most researches about them has focused on the differences rather than common ground between them. And the researches have insisted that those differences created conflict. But recent studies has revealed that the conflict between Kim Jong-jik and Kim Going-pil made progress in The Theory of Chulcheo(出處) which is core concept of Neo-Confucianism. Meanwhile, Jo Kwang-jo(趙光祖) has been regarded the only disciple of Kim Going-pil. Besides him, however, there were a few more literary men who had to be noticed. The researches on Kim Going-pil`s literary men are very insufficient. This paper would review advanced researches on Kim Going-pil`s life and studies, and suggest that follow-up studies find out the new meaning of Kim Going-pil in Confucian history of Chosun-Dynasty. 사에 대한 인식은 더욱 그러하며, 15세기 후반기에 활동한 金宏弼에 대한 인식 역시 마찬가지이다. 최근에 김굉필에 대한 역사학계의 연구가 진행되면서 도통론의 영향을 벗어날 수 있는 기초가 마련되었다. 그러나 그 연구의 양은 그리 많지 않다. 자료의 한계라는 근본적인 제약 때문이다. 이글에서는 김굉필에 대한 역사학계의 연구 성과를 정리하면서 그 제약을 넘어설 수 있는 방법을 모색하고자 했다. 김굉필을 연구한 거의 모든 글은 그의 학문을 道學이라고 부르며, 그가 도학을 처음으로 정립한 인물이라고 한다. 그러면서 도학 역시 성리학이라는 범주 속에 포함되며, 김굉필 이전에도 도학이라는 개념이 사용되었다는 사실도 인정한다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위해 이제까지는 주로 도학의 개념을 어떻게 정의할 것인가에 초점을 맞추어왔다. 그러나 먼저 도학의 개념을 규정하고, 이 개념에 맞추어 김굉필의 학문·사상을 이해하는 방법은 한계가 있다. 도학의 개념 규정이 주관적일 수 있는 위험이 항상 있기 때문이다. 이 보다는 15세기에 도학이라는 개념이 다양한 의미로 사용되었다는 사실, 그리고 그 개념이 역사적 변화를 겪었다는 사실을 살피는 것이 우선이다. 그리고 그 변화 속에서 김굉필의 도학을 살피는 것이 바람직해 보인다. 김굉필의 도학에 관한 설명에서 가장 중요하게 취급되는 내용이 『小學』공부이다. 그러나 『小學』을 중시한 것은 이미 성리학 도입 초기부터이다. 따라서 김굉필의 『소학』공부가 그 이전과 어떤 차이가 있는지를 밝혀야 한다. 기왕의 연구를 통해 김굉필 이전의 『소학』은 어린 아이들이 읽어야 하는 책으로, 혹은 과거 시험을 준비하기 위해 읽어야 하는 책으로 강조되었음이 밝혀졌다. 이에 반해 김굉필의 『소학』공부는 과거공부와는 아무런 관련이 없었고, 또 평생의 공부였다는 사실도 밝혀졌다. 그러나 김굉필의 『소학』공부가 그 이전과 다른 점이 이 정도에 그치지는 않는 것 같다. 그 차이를 밝혀나가는 것은 앞으로의 과제이다. 김굉필의 도학에서 『소학』공부가 차지하는 비중이 워낙 커다보니 대부분의 연구는 그 방면에만 관심을 집중하였다. 그 결과 김굉필은 성리학 공부의 두 가지 측면인 修己와 治人 가운데 수기에만 관심을 둔 것처럼 보였다. 그러나 최근 김굉필의 도학에서 『소학』과 『대학』이 유기적으로 연결되어 있다는 연구가 이루어져 그의 학문에 대한 새로운 이해를 기대할 수 있게 되었다. 김굉필에 대한 연구에서 빠지지 않고 거론되는 사실이 그의 스승인 金宗直과의 관계인데, 대부분의 연구는 그 두 사람의 공통점보다는 차이점에 주목한다. 그리하여 학문적 차이나 정치적 견해의 차이 때문에 결국 두 사람이 갈등을 겪게 되었다고 이해한다. 최근의 연구는 이 두 사람의 갈등 속에서 出處論이 정착되어가는 모습을 발견하고 있다. 출처론은 성리학의 이념체계 속에서 핵심적인 내용이다. 그러나 이제까지 이 이념에 대해 주목한 연구는 거의 없다. 성리학 도입 이후 출처론이 어떻게 받아들여졌고, 출처론의 전개 과정 속에서 김굉필의 출처론이 어떤 의미를 갖는지 살피는 것은 앞으로의 과제이다. 김굉필이 조선시대의 유학사에서 차지하는 위치를 설명하기 위해서는 그의 門人에게도 관심을 기울일 필요가 있다. 기왕의 연구는 그의 문인 가운데 趙光祖에게만 관심을 집중하였다. 그 외에 거론되는 문인으로는 김안국 정도를 들 수 있을 뿐이다. 그러나 실제 김굉필의 문인 가운데는 이들 이외에도 중요하게 취급되어야 할 인물들이 있었다. 그들에 대한 연구 역시 앞으로의 과제로 남아있다. 김굉필의 문인과 관련된 또 하나의 문제는 그의 문인으로 거론되는 인물들 가운데 師弟관계를 확인하기 힘든 인물이 있다는 점이다. 특히 김굉필 연구에서 중요한 자료로 취급되는 <寒氷戒>와 관련이 있는 潘佑亨이라는 문인은 자세한 검토가 필요한 인물이다.

Considering Kim’s Dual Identity in the Post-colonial Discourse

Kim Hoyeol 한국외국어대학교 영미연구소 2015 영미연구 Vol.34 No.-

It is becoming significant for individuals to find their own individual identities, as the today’s ongoing globalization has become much more complicated. A similar situation occurred when the British Empire influenced the world politically, economically, and culturally in the nineteenth century. In order to grasp human intrinsic identities, my thesis aims to use postcolonial theories to examine characters’ identities in a nineteenth-century British novel, Kipling’s Kim (1901). In Kipling’s Kim, I examine Kim, an Irish boy who experiences racial identity confusion by living in British India. Kim’s identity is ambiguous as his background is complicated: his parents are Irish, Kim was born in India, he was educated in a British school, and he participated in the Great Game. It would prove inadequate to try to see Kim’s identity based on binary oppositions, as Kim’s identity is neither British nor native Indian. Aside from simply being a person named Kim, Kim’s identity consists of being someone who has cultural hybridity. Through the main character of Kim, Kipling suggests that a Brit who understands the local Indian culture and society, as Kim does, would govern India with ease. Overall, Kipling’s Kim elaborates on why or how India should be governed by Britain and also seems to justify the British rule of India. In Kim, Kipling creates the main character of Kim, who has cultural hybridity and whose process of personal growth throughout the novel depicts Kipling’s ideas on how to govern India easily. In order to justify British rule in India, Kipling also depicts how British-Indian society was developed by Britain, also through the character of Kim. Looking into characters’ identities throughout nineteenth-century British novels helps modern readers who live in this complicated world to grasp human intrinsic identities.

月經과 暴巫, 두 키워드로 본 ‘모략가’ 김유신

김태식(Kim, Tae-shik) 백산학회 2004 백산학보 Vol.- No.70

Kim Yu-shin(596-673.A.D.) has been the main target of criticism since the late 19th century among many Korean common people, and even historians, in respect with the way he suceeded to be related by marriage with Kim Chunchu, who was a man of influenceable as grandson of a dethroned king. Kim Yu-shin enticed Kim Chunchu to have sexual relationship with one of his two sisters, Bohee and Munhee. Kim Yu-shin’s original plan was to make the coulple of Kim Chunchu and Bohee, the older of two. But Kim Yu-shin had to replace Bohee with Munhee. So what happened to Bohee? One of the two aims in my these is this. Historical documents relating to it says (1) Bohee had an illness, (2) she was faced with an accident. Any document says what kind of an illness or accident she had. But I found the illness or accident was her monthky period by comparative study of the related documents. Kim Yu-shin found it out to make the other sister Munhee Kim Chunchu's air. His maneuvering suceeded, and Munhee becamed pregnant with Kim Chunchu's baby. But Kim Yu-shin was compelled to do another maneuver, because Kim Chunchu kept on evading the wedding with pregnant Munhee. Facing with an unexpected obstacle, Kim Yu-shin sent an ultimatum to Kim Chunchu. It was a threat to burn his sister to death by reason of her pre-marriage pregnancy without permission of his or his parents. But such a threat was a shrewd trick. Anyway Kim Yu-shin was about to fulfill the ritual of burning his sister in the open air at that time Sunduk, Princess and a successor to the throne was going on a picnic out of her palace. Kim Yu-shin’s trick was brilliantly successful by Sunduk’s command to Kim Chunchu to go quickly and save ‘your wife’ fron the fire. Then where are the trick of the burning of a woman concieved by Kim Yu-shin at the stake from? This was my second aim in the these. I proved it resulted from the ritual of Pokmu(暴巫), which literally means forcing a shaman out to the blazing sun especially in midsummer. Such a Pokmu was often fulfilled to pray for rain to Heaven in pre-modern Eastern Asia. Eastern Asian people believed that Heaven drops rain on pity of the suffering shaman. Kim Yu-shin extraordinarilly filled his purpose by advantage of the ritural of Pokmu.

평화와 통일의 사건사; 반동의 추억: 김일성 사망과 조문정국

김진환 ( Jin Hwan Kim ) 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2013 민족문화연구 Vol.59 No.-

Kim Young-sam was strongly in favor of a South Korea-North Korea Summit in the 1970s and 1980s as an opposition leader. When he became the presidential candidate of the ruling party in 1992, he began to show caution about a South Korea-North Korea Summit. Furthermore, the Kim Young-sam administration began shortly after March 1993 when North Korea declared its withdrawal from the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). He accordingly initiated a hard-line policy towards North Korea. However, the relaxation of tensions on the Korean peninsula in June 1994 through the diplomatic intercession of former US President Jimmy Carter unexpectedly brought Kim Il-sung`s South Korea-North Korea Summit proposal to Kim Young-sam. Kim Young-sam again altered his North Korea policy to begin preparation for the summit. But, on the occasion of Kim Il-sung`s death on July 8, 1994, hardliners on North Korea attacked the Kim Young-sam administration`s prospective policy on North Korea. This led to a quick roll back of the progress since the summit agreement between the two Koreas was made. In summary, hardliners on North Korea started a ``nominal`` dispute shortly after Kim Il-sung died which re-emphasized a thoroughly negative recognition about Kim Il-sung and established negative ideas about North Korea through ``condolence waves`` in the National Assembly. Moreover, a future meeting between Kim Young-sam and Kim Jong-il was blocked structurally due to emphasis on the instability of Kim Jong-il`s regime. South Korean citizens effectively blocked the opportunity to lower hostility to North Korean through ``reconciliation from the top`` during a summit. Ultimately, Kim Young-sam gave hardliners on North Korea an excuse to oppose him by keeping silent about his prospective policy toward North Korea and his willingness to promote a South Korea-North Korea Summit rather than publicly unveiling them quickly after the death of Kim Il-sung. Even though he favored going forward with the summit until late July, he had no actual say so in the matter due to domestic political dynamics. In short, the final winner of the politics of condolences in the summer in 1994 were ``traditional`` hardliners on North Korea widespread in media and politics in South Korea.

간단한 인증키 동의 프로토콜인 Kim-Kim-Hwang 방법의 안전성 고찰

김윤정;김영신;황준 서울여자대학교 컴퓨터과학연구소 2004 정보기술논문지 Vol.2 No.-

The Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange scheme can produce a common session key between the two communicators, but its problem is that it makes a man-in-the middle attack possible. To solve problems like these, several protocols have been put forward, and the Simple Authenticated Key Agreement (SAKA) Protocol is among them. Seo-Sweeney suggested a SAKA protocol initially and the protocol has weakness that a malicious 3rd party can masquerade a valid user. Tseng suggested another protocol that advances this problem but this protocol can still be attacked when the messages in key verification phase are identical. Ku-Wang suggested a new protocol that advances this problem. Kim-Kim-Hwang also suggested a new SAKA protocol and confirmed that their protocol has same safeness and better performance compared to the other SAKA protocols. In this paper, we reanalyze the safeness of SAKA protocols and find out that Kim-Kim-Hwang protocol has not only better performance but also better safeness. Diffie-Hellman의 키 인증 기법에 대한 제 3자 공격 (man-in-the middle attack)에 강한 간단한 인증키 동의 프로토콜인 SAKA (Simple Authenticated Key Agreement Protocol)가 제안된 바 있다. SAKA는 초기에 Seo-Sweeney에 의해 제안되었으며 이 방법은 침입자가 중간에 메시지를 가로채서 정당한 사용자임을 가장할 수 있는 단점이 있다. Tseng은 이 단점을 개선한 방안을 제안하였는데 이것도 키 확인 메시지 두 개의 값이 같을 경우 공격을 받을 수 있음이 밝혀졌다. Ku-Wang은 Tseng 방법의 문제점을 개선한 알고리즘을 제안하였다 그리고 Kim-Kim-Hwang은 새로운 SAKA 알고리즘을 제안하고 이것이 기존 SAKA 프로토콜들과 안전성은 동일하면서도 성능이 개선된 것임을 밝힌바 있다. 본 논문에서는 안전성 분석의 재고찰을 통하여, Kim-Kim-Hwang의 방법이 기존 SAKA 프로토콜들보다 성능면에서뿐만 아니라, 안전성 면에서도 우수함을 밝힌다.

김은국 소설에 나타난 자서전적 요소

김욱동 새한영어영문학회 2007 새한영어영문학 Vol.49 No.1

This article attempts to explore some autobiographical elements in the three novels written by Richard E. Kim: The Martyred (1964), The Innocent (1968), and Lost Names (1970). A diaspora writer, Kim finds his subject matter in the major historical events of Korea. In his first internationally acclaimed novel, Kim draws much on some incidents in his own personal and family history; its protagonist the Reverend Shin, for example, is modelled on his maternal grandfather, the Reverend Hak Bong Lee, who were not only persecuted but also executed by the North Korean Communists. Kim's active involvement with the Korean Army as a liaison officer during the Korean War, as well as the military coup detat led by General Park in 1961, provide material for his second novel. In the third novel, Kim borrows the characters, incidents and settings not only from his family history but Korean history as well. His own childhood experiences under the Japanese colonial occupation and the strong nationalist sentiments of his father, play a pivotal role in the third and last novel. At his best, however, Kim explores universal themes that are far beyond geographical as well as temporal limitations.