Consideration Related to the Aharonov-Bohm Effect

Khang,Jeong-woo,Khang,Dong-shik 제주대학교 1987 논문집 Vol.24 No.-

Aharonov-Bohm 효과를 WKB방법을 사용해서 설명하고, 국소장 이론으로 자연을 서술하는 방법의 타당성에 대해 고찰하였다.

Truyện nôm – hiện tượng văn hoá và Thể loại văn học đặc biệt của thời trung đại ở Việt Nam

Đinh Thị Khang 조선대학교 국제문화연구원 2010 국제문화연구 Vol.3 No.1

The unique genre, Nom Literature and its cultural phenomenon during the medieval period in Vietnam. Dinh Thi Khang Truyen Nom was sin-eight metre written in Nom. The existence and value of Truyen Nom is a unique culture phenomenon in the history of Vietnamese culture. During the medieval period (10th–19th C) in Vietnam, the less popularity of Han prose poem led to a decline in the number of Nom prose composed. Truyen Nom was created based on the need for social and cultural reflection and lasted for four centuries. During four century history, Truyen Nom reached its peak in the 18C until the first half of 19C. With a wide dissemination and strong influence, Truyen Nom became the most prominent compositional style and played the important role in the society in terms of spiritual, cultural and civil reflection. Besides written work, Truyen Nom also existed in spoken compositions about daily life which were popularized in public through folk song, lullaby, tales and folk quizzes. The collection of Truyen Nom now includes about 100 pieces of work and processes a number of great compositions such as Hoa Tien, Phan Tran, Quan Am Thi Kinh, Hoang Truu, Pham Tai Ngoc Hoa and Doan Truong Tan Thanh(also known as Truyen Kieu). Truyen Nom was actually divided into two main different types: academic compositions and conventional work. The diversity of Truyen Nom in terms of contents, characters and literary speech made up great literacy and cultural values. The main content of Truyen Nom related to human values and destiny; some were about the aspiration for the freedom of love beyond feudal morality. Others were written about people’s life and personality who fought against oppressive influence to save the family’s happiness and to maintain social justice. The traditional medieval attitude of art brought into Truyen Nom a range of Orientation’s theoretical value in character creation and problem resolution.

쯔놈과 놈 문학-중대 베트남 문화의 찬란한 성과

Dinh Thi Khang 조선대학교 국제문화연구원 2009 국제문화연구 Vol.2 No.1

After obtaining the nation’s independence, Vietnam feudal dynasties continued to use Han as the official script. However, to satisfy people’s daily need, Nom was created and became an outstanding accomplishment in Vietnamese literature, which expressed the national esteem, power as well as position of Vietnamese language. Nom script was steadily improved, and Vietnamese people started to use Nom in literature work from XIII century. This was a significant improvement in national esteem and as well as a remarkable development in literature. History of Nom literature spread in seven centuries and was divided into four periods: Period 1 (the X century - the XIV century): Come along with Han, Nom script started to appear in literature since Tran’s dynasties. This is the vital achievement in the period which set up the basis for the development of composing in national language in the following centuries. Period 2 (the XV century -the XVII century): Besides accomplishments in Han compositions, Nom literature with diverse styles was well developed and attained worthy achievements, which set a firm fundamental for the development later on. The success of Tho Nom Duong luat was marked with the existence of massive collections (including hundreds of poems). This time was the outstanding period in the literature history. Period 3 (the XVIII century - the beginning of XIX century): This time was considered as the golden age in the history with a notable development in Nom literature. With traditional literary styles, compositions written in Nom created masterpieces in literary heritages. Period 4 (from the late XIX century): In transformation process of national literature from medieval to modern, Nom compositions continuously played an importance role in create the unique features in this stage. The appearance and development of Nom literature is a must in the Vietnamese literature history in the process of building up our literature, In this process, the compositions written by several famous authors, for example Nguyen Trai, Nguyen Binh Khiem, Doan Thi Diem, Nguyen Gia Thieu, Ho Xuan Huong, Nguyen Du, Nguyen Dinh Chieu, Nguyen Khuyen, Tu Xuong, and etc., have created a series of valued masterpiece; among those, ‘Doan truong tan thanh’ (Truyen Kieu) written by Nguyen Du is consider the number one masterpiece. Hence, Nom literature achievement has claimed an important role of Vietnamese language in literature compositions. The appearance of Nom script and Nom literature are astounding successes of Vietnamese literature in medieval period. With Nom written language, so many traditional literary styles were created and added worthy values into Vietnamese literature. The first achievement was to vietnamize Duong luat style to make up Tho Nom Duong luat - a style of poetry of which all the features of Vietnamese poetry were taken into account. The second success was creating two kinds of whtten compositions named Truyen Nom and Khuc ngam song that luc bat on the basis of folk poetry (six-eight meter and double seven six-eight meter style) In Nom compositions, public language used to be considered informal speech was brought into written work. The process of setting up Nom literature was the development of language selection and usage as well as the improvement in expression abilities and art level of national language. Nom compositions insisted the values, fates, right of existence and aspirations of human, especially those of women. Those were the general topics in our literature which followed humanism. As a result, democracy in content which required nationalized manners of expression in terms of written language, style of poetry and speech became the norm in Vietnamese literature. Vietnam has officially been a member of IRG since 2000. Written Nom has been encoded to add into international symbol system with similar script in the area. As a result, Nom written language created by Vietnamese people has been internationally recognized as a unique contribution to the cultural treasure of humanity.

Expression of epithin in mouse preimplantation development: Its functional role in compaction

Khang, Inkoo,Sonn, Seongkeun,Park, June-Hee,Rhee, Kunsoo,Park, Dongeun,Kim, Kyungjin Elsevier 2005 Developmental biology Vol.281 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The preimplantation development of mammalian embryo after fertilization encompasses a series of events including cleavage, compaction, and differentiation into blastocyst. These events are likely to be associated with substantial changes in embryonic gene expression. In the present study, we explored the expression patterns and function of epithin, a mouse type II transmembrane serine protease, during preimplantation embryo development. RT-PCR analysis showed that epithin mRNAs were detectable during the cleavage stages from a 1-cell zygote to the blastocyst. Immunocytochemical studies revealed that epithin protein was expressed at blastomere contacts of the compacted 8-cell and later embryonic stages. Epithin colocalized with E-cadherin at the membrane contacts of the compacted morula-stage embryo as revealed by double-staining immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy, respectively. Post-transcriptional epithin gene silencing by RNA interference (RNAi) resulted in the blockade of 8-cell in vitro-stage embryo compaction and subsequent embryonic deaths after several rounds of cell division. These results strongly suggest that epithin plays an important role in the compaction processes that elicit the signal for the differentiation into trophectoderm and inner cell mass.</P>

Effects of Cassava Leaf Meal on the Rumen Environment of Local Yellow Cattle Fed Urea-Treated Paddy Straw

Khang, D.N.,Wiktorsson, H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2000 Animal Bioscience Vol.13 No.8

An experiment was conducted as a Latin square design with four rumen fistulated local yellow cattle with a mean live weight of 230 kg. The treatments were: $(CLM_0)$ urea-treated rice straw ad libitum plus 1 kg cassava root meal (basal diet), $(CLM_{500})$ basal diet plus 500 g cassava leaf meal, $(CLM_{1000})$ basal diet plus 1,000 g cassava leaf meal, and $(CLM_{1500})$ basal diet plus 1,500 g cassava leaf meal. The results showed that there were differences in dry matter intake of urea-treated rice straw between treatments (p<0.05). The highest total dry matter intake was observed for treatment $CLM_{1500}$, with 2.62 kg DM/100 kg LWt/day, followed by treatments $CLM_{1000}$, $CLM_{500}$ and $CLM_0$, with 2.42, 2.00 and 1.86 kg DM/100 kg LWt/day, respectively. The ruminal ammonia concentration on treatment $CLM_{1500}$ was greater than on treatments $CLM_{1000}$, $CLM_{500}$ and $CLM_0$. There were non-significant differences in the ruminal pH among the treatments. The in sacco degradability of cassava leaf meal and cassava root meal was high, and on average 75 and 85% respectively of the DM had disappeared after 24 h of incubation. Degradation rate of urea treated rice straw was 64% after 72 h of incubation.

Microwave Power Transfer With Optimal Number of Rectenna Arrays for Midrange Applications

Khang, Seung-Tae,Lee, Dong-Jin,Hwang, In-Jun,Yeo, Tae-Dong,Yu, Jong-Won IEEE 2018 IEEE antennas and wireless propagation letters Vol.17 No.-

<P>In this letter, the microwave power transfer (MPT) system with the optimal number of rectenna arrays for midrange applications is proposed, theoretically analyzed, and verified. A retrodirective power transmitter is designed to overcome the degradation by the near-field effect and enhance the power transfer efficiency. The implemented transmitter is composed of 16 <TEX>$\times$</TEX> 1 patch antennas with a <TEX>$\lambda /2$</TEX> spacing, and each of the antennas has a circuit for simultaneously detecting and shifting the phase, and operates at a frequency of 2.45 GHz. To further improve the power transfer efficiency, the parallel dc combining rectenna array is designed since the conventional RF combining rectenna has several problems in the case of midrange. The fabricated rectenna array consists of 8 <TEX>$\times$</TEX> 1 rectennas with a <TEX>$\lambda /2$</TEX> spacing and a dc power management circuit. In addition, the optimal number of rectenna arrays is proposed, considering the size of the receiver. In the experiments, the optimal number of rectennas is 3 when the transfer distance is 1 m. The achieved power transfer efficiency from three-arrayed rectennas is 4.47%, while the efficiency of 5.01% is achieved from eight-arrayed rectennas. Experimental results from the implemented MPT system show good agreement with the proposed theory.</P>

Local Drug Delivery System Using Biodegradable Polymers

Khang, Gil-Son,Rhee, John M.,Jeong, Je-Kyo,Lee, Jeong-Sik,Kim, Moon-Suk,Cho, Sun-Hang,Lee, Hai-Bang The Polymer Society of Korea 2003 Macromolecular Research Vol.11 No.4

For last five years, we are developing the novel local drug delivery devices using biodegradable polymers, especially polylactide (PLA) and poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) due to its relatively good biocompatibility, easily controlled biodegradability, good processability and only FDA approved synthetic degradable polymers. The relationship between various kinds of drug [water soluble small molecule drugs: gentamicin sulfate (GS), fentanyl citrate (FC), BCNU, azidothymidine (AZT), pamidronate (ADP), $1,25(OH)_2$ vitamin $D_3$, water insoluble small molecule drugs: fentanyl, ipriflavone (IP) and nifedipine, and water soluble large peptide molecule drug: nerve growth factor (NGF), and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV)], different types of geometrical devices [microspheres (MSs), microcapsule, nanoparticle, wafers, pellet, beads, multiple-layered beads, implants, fiber, scaffolds, and films], and pharmacological activity are proposed and discussed for the application of pharmaceutics and tissue engineering. Also, local drug delivery devices proposed in this work are introduced in view of preparation method, drug release behavior, biocompatibility, pharmacological effect, and animal studies. In conclusion, we can control the drug release profiles varying with the preparation, formulation and geometrical parameters. Moreover, any types of drug were successfully applicable to achieve linear sustained release from short period ($1{\sim}3$ days) to long period (over 2 months). It is very important to design a suitable formulation for the wanting period of bioactive molecules loaded in biodegradable polymers for the local delivery of drug. The drug release is affected by many factors such as hydrophilicity of drug, electric charge of drug, drug loading amount, polymer molecular weight, the monomer composition, the size of implants, the applied fabrication techniques, and so on. It is well known that the commercialization of new drug needs a lot of cost of money (average: over 10 million US dollar per one drug) and time (average: above 9 years) whereas the development of DDS and high effective generic drug might be need relatively low investment with a short time period. Also, one core technology of DDS can be applicable to many drugs for the market needs. From these reasons, the DDS research on potent generic drugs might be suitable for less risk and high return.

ALMOST LINDELÖF FRAMES

Khang, Mee Kyung The Kangwon-Kyungki Mathematical Society 2010 한국수학논문집 Vol.18 No.1

Generalizing $Lindel{\ddot{o}}f$ frames and almost compact frames, we introduce a concept of almost $Lindel{\ddot{o}}f$ frames. Using a concept of ${\delta}$-filters on frames, we characterize almost $Lindel{\ddot{o}}f$ frames and then have their permanence properties. We also show that almost $Lindel{\ddot{o}}f$ regular $D({\aleph}_1)$ frames are exactly $Lindel{\ddot{o}}f$ frames. Finally we construct an almost $Lindel{\ddot{o}}fication$ of a frame L via the simple extension of L associated with the set of all ${\delta}$-filters F on L with ${\bigvee}\{x^*{\mid}x{\in}F\}=e$.

Videostyles of Televised Political Advertising in the U.S. and Korea

Khang, Hyoung-koo(강형구),Tak, Jin-young(탁진영) 한국광고홍보학회 2006 광고연구 Vol.0 No.71

Ready and selective access to 2-arylquinazolines from α-amino acids via a new solvent-free domino transformation under synergistic nano Fe-Mo-Se catalyst

Khang X. Nguyen,Phuc H. Pham,An C.D. Nguyen,Chuc T. Nguyen,Tung T. Nguyen,Phong D. Tran,Nam T.S. Phan 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.92 No.-

A Fe-Mo-Se nanopowder, synthesized by a solvothermal protocol, was utilized as a heterogeneouscatalyst for the synthesis of 2-arylquinazolines from DL-α-phenylglycine-based α-amino acids and2-nitrobenzyl alcohols via domino transformations. High yields and selectivity were achieved undersolvent-free conditions. The Fe-Mo-Se catalyst offered considerably higher activity than numeroushomogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. To our best knowledge, this domino reaction is new, and theutilization of iron-molybdenum selenide catalyst in the synthesis of quinazolines was not previouslyreported.