불소 기능성 소재 Perfluoropolyether 폐 오일 재생기술

정근우 ( Keun Wo Chung ),김영운 ( Young Wun Kim ) 한국공업화학회 2003 공업화학전망 Vol.6 No.2

Anti-wear performance and life evaluation of wheel bearing type greases

Jung-Young Kim(김중영),Keun-Wo Chung(정근우),Young-Wun Kim(김영운),Won-Oh Jo(조원오) 한국트라이볼로지학회 2004 한국트라이볼로지학회 학술대회 Vol.39 No.-

Li-complex and urea type greases (each 10 species) which were furnished by Chang-Am LS. analyzed anti-wear performance into fretting wear tester & four-ball wear tester. From the results of fretting wear test. the wear volume of Li-complex greases are 4.6~8.9㎎ and 8.3-14.4㎎ with the test of urea greases. The anti-wear performance for 4-ball wear test of greases produced results around 0.5㎜ at the value of WSD. The grease life performance were evaluated by SKF-ROF Grease Tester and wheel bearing life tester. From the results of SKF-ROF tester. the life performance evaluated by whole working time produced results 50~300hr with the Li-complex greases and 100-1000hr with the urea greases. That is to say. in spite of severe condition at the higher of 10℃ reaction temp. the life performance with Urea type greases are much superior to Li-complex type greases. Prior to wheel bearing life tester. the grease selected performance evaluation(=anti-wear test) are tested by wheel bearing tester. In this results. we can confirm results those are similar with SKF-ROF tester. In this study. we can draw two major conclusions. one is that Li-complex greases are superior to urea greases with anti-wear properties and the other is that urea greases are much superior to Li-complex greases with life performance

불소계 폴리올에스테르의 합성과 윤활 특성

백진욱 ( Jin Wook Baek ),정근우 ( Keun Wo Chung ),김영운 ( Young Wun Kim ) 한국공업화학회 2002 공업화학 Vol.13 No.8

2-에틸헥실 카르복실산, 스테아린산 및 퍼플루오르옥틸 카르복실산을 NPG 및 TMP의 폴리올과 축합반응하여 새로운 불소계 폴리올 에르테르를 합성하여 ^1H-NMR과 FT-IR 스펙트라로 구조를 확인하였다. 퍼플루오르옥틸 카르복실산으로 합성한 폴리올 에스테르는 오일에 대한 용해성이 전혀 없었으며 2-에틸헥실 카르복실산과 혼합하여 합성한 부분-불소화 폴리올 에스테르는 구조에 따라 용해성의 차이를 나타내었다. ASTM D 2266과 ASTM D 2783에 의해 4구 마모성능과 극압성능을 관찰한 결과, 4구 마모성능은 부분-불소화 폴리올에스테르를 첨가하여도 별 효과를 관찰하지 못하였지만 극압성능은 불소 함량이 증가함에 따라 현저히 향상되었으며 폴리올 에스테르의 구조에 따라 차이를 나타내었다. 또한, 부분-불소화 폴리올 에스테르를 가솔린 엔진오일에 첨가하여 극압성능을 시험한 결과 비교 제품인 테프론 입자를 첨가하였을 때보다 우수한 극압성능을 나타내었다. New partially fluorinated polyol esters were synthesized by condensation reaction of polyols (NPG and TMP) and carboxylic acids such as 2-ethylhexanoic acid, stearic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid. The structures of polyol esters were confirmed by FT-IR and ^1H-NMR. And, the fluorinated polyol esters were insoluble in several oils, however the partially fluorinated polyol esters were soluble in several oils depending on the structures of polyol esters. The physical properties such as 4-ball wear properties and extreme-pressure (EP) properties were characterized by ASTM D 2266 and by ASTM D 2783 method, respectively. As the results, wear scar diameters of oils in which the semi-fluorinated polyol esters were added were not changed compared to those of non-added oils. On the contrary, extreme-pressure properties remarkably increased with fluorine contents of the esters and were affected by the structure of acid moiety and polyol moiety. Also, the extreme-pressure property of semi-fluorinated NPG polyol ester in gasoline engine oil was better than that of commercial Teflon coating additive.

3 - ( Triethoxysilyl ) propyl Perfluoroalkyl Urethane 의 합성 및 발수성능

김영운(Young Wun Kim),정근우(Keun Wo Chung),이은아(Eun A Lee),서용걸(Yong Geol Seo) 한국공업화학회 2002 공업화학 Vol.13 No.5

과불화기를 함유한 여러 가지 알콜, F(CF_2)_m(CH_2)_(n+2)-OH을 합성하였다. 합성 알콜을 트리에톡시실릴아이소시아네이트와 축합반응하여 트리에톡시실릴프로필 우레탄을 합성하였으며 ^1H-NMR과 FT-IR 스펙트라로 구조를 확인하였다. 합성 우레탄을 IPA 용매에 녹이고 산 촉매하에서 가수분해 반응을 행한 후 유리에 스핀 코팅하였다. 코팅된 유리를 150 ℃에서 열처리하고 물에 대한 접촉각을 측정하므로써 발수성능을 평가하였다. 발수성능 측정 결과, 물에 대한 접촉각은 100∼120˚ 범위를 나타내었으며 우레탄의 불소기와 메틸렌의 수 및 가수분해 시간에 크게 의존하였다. 또한, 6개월 동안 장기 보관된 코팅 유리의 접촉각은 큰 감소없이 처음의 접촉각을 그대로 나타내어 발수성능은 아주 우수하였다. A series of alcohols with perfluorinated segments F(CF_2)_m(CH_2)_(n+2)-OH (m={8,10} and n={2, 4, 8}) were synthesized. The alcohols were converted to triethoxysilylpropyl perfluoroalkyl urethanes by condensation reaction, which were then characterized by ^1H-NMR and FT-IR spectra. In the presence of an acid catalyst, the triethoxysilylpropyl urethanes underwent hydrolysis and condensation to yield heavily cross-linked matrixes, and onto glass the spin-coated films were prepared. Curing the spin-coated films at 150 ℃ in air produced thermally stable films. The water contact angles of the films varied from 100˚ to 120˚, depending on the numbers of fluorocarbon and methylene units and the hydrolysis times. It was found that the water contact angles of 6 months old coated films were similar to that of newly coated films. In conclusion, the water-repellent properties of the coated films for a long term storage were excellent.

지방산과 폴리에틸렌글리콜의 혼합에 따른 수용성 절삭유제의 절삭특성

김영운(Young-Wun Kim),정근우(Keun-Wo Chung),윤유정(Yoo-Jung Yoon),김세훈(Se-Hun Kim),강석춘(Suck-Choon Kang) Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2001 한국정밀공학회지 Vol.18 No.2

바이오디젤용 저온 유동성 향상제로서의 폴리(알킬메타크릴레이트-공-무수말레인산) 제조 연구

홍진숙 ( Jin Sook Hong ),정근우 ( Keun Wo Chung ),김영운 ( Young Wun Kim ),김남균 ( Nam Kyun Kim ),임대재 ( Dae Jae Im ) 한국공업화학회 2012 공업화학 Vol.23 No.2

바이오디젤(BD)은 식물성 오일 또는 동물성 지방과 같이 재생산 가능한 원료로부터 유래된 긴 사슬 지방산의 단일 알킬 에스테르로, 디젤연료에 비해 낮은 온도에서 연료특성이 열악한 것으로 알려져 있다. 디젤연료의 경우, 많은 저온 유동성 향상제가 개발되어 있지만 바이오 디젤은 디젤연료와 주요 구성성분이 다르기 때문에 디젤연료용 저온 유동성 향상제를 바이오디젤에 사용 시 저온 유동성 향상에 한계가 따른다. 이에 본 연구는 동절기에 바이오디젤의 저온 특성을 향상시키고자 에스테르 반응으로 합성한 알킬 메타크릴레이트 단량체(Stearyl methacrylate, Lauryl methacrylate)와 무수말레인산을 이용하여 저온 유동성 향상제를 합성하였고, 알킬아민을 이용한 개환 반응을 실시하였다. 이렇게 합성된 저온 유동성 향상제를 1H-NMR 및 FT-IR을 통해 분석하였으며, GPC로 분자량을 측정한 후 SoybeanBD와 PalmBD에 1000~10000 ppm의 농도로 첨가하여 저온특성을 조사하였다. 그 결과 SoybeanBD에 LMA2SMA6MA2-C8A 공중합체 첨가 시 유동점이 12.5 ℃ 강하됨을 확인하였다. Bio-diesel (BD) is the mono alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from renewable feed stocks like vegetable oils or animal fats. Bio-diesel shows poorer fuel properties than that of diesel fuel in a cold condition. For the diesel fuel, many cold flow improvers have been developed; however, since primary ingredients of bio-diesel are different from those of the diesel fuel, there is a limit to the cold flow improvement when the same cold flow improvers are added to bio diesel. In this study, to improve low temperature properties of bio-diesel, we developed a cold flow improver using an alkyl methacrylate monomer, prepared via ester reaction, and maleic anhydride and also conducted a ring opening reaction using amine. We characterized the products using 1 H-NMR, FT-IR and GPC methods. In addition, the cold flow improvements of the products in Soybean BD and Palm BD in the concentration rage of 1000~10000 ppm were investigated. It was found that the addition of LMA2SMA6MA2-C8A in Soybean BD improved the pour point by 12.5 ℃.

금속가공유 첨가용 유성향상제의 합성 : 올레핀-무수말레인산 공중합체 Olefin-Maleic Anhydride Copolymer

윤유정,김영운,정근우 한국공업화학회 2002 응용화학 Vol.6 No.1

Copolymers were prepared by polymerization of maleic anhydride (MA) and α-olefins such as 1-octene, 1-hexadecene and mixed oefin for metal-working lubricants. 1-octene(C8)-maleic anhydride copolymers were optimized at MA-C8-Bz_2O_2-C_2H_4C1_2 mol ratio 1 : 1.3 : 0.02 : 4 in inert gas in 6 hrs. Also, 1-hexadecene(C16)-maleic anhydride copolymers were optimized at MA-C16-Bz_2O_2-C_2H_4C1_2 mol ratio 1.1 : 1 : 0.02 : 4 in inert gas in 6 hrs. The copolymers were partially esterified with alipahtic alcohols or polyethylene glycol methyl ethers(PEGMEs) to obtain ester copolymers, which are useful as lubricating oil additives in 60 % yields. Those polymer-esters were mixed with KOH and water to use as water-soluble lubricants.

과불화기를 함유한 도료 첨가용 지방산에스테르의 발수성능

김영운 ( Young Wun Kim ),정근우 ( Keun Wo Chung ),이은아 ( Eun A Lee ),서인옥 ( In Ok Seo ),서용걸 ( Yong Geul Seo ) 한국공업화학회 2001 응용화학 Vol.5 No.1

서로 다른 측쇄 구조를 가진 폴리(알킬 메타크릴레이트)계의 저온유동성 향상제 합성

홍진숙 ( Jin Sook Hong ),김영운 ( Young Wun Kim ),정근우 ( Keun Wo Chung ),정수환 ( Soo Hwan Jeong ) 한국공업화학회 2010 공업화학 Vol.21 No.5

디젤연료 및 바이오 디젤을 포함하는 디젤연료는 성분 내에 n-파라핀과 포화 지방산 메틸에스테르가 저온에서 결정화가 이루어져 연료의 저온 특성을 감소시키는 현상이 발생한다. 이러한 문제를 방지하기 위하여 많은 방법들이 알려져 있으며, 그 중에서 알킬 메타크릴레이트계 중합체가 저온유동특성을 향상시키는 첨가제로 많이 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 LMA (lauryl methacrylate), SMA (stearyl methacrylate)를 각각 측쇄 구조가 다른 알킬 메타크릴레이트를 사용하여 70:30의 몰 비율로 라디칼 공중합체를 합성하였다. 합성된 공중합체의 구조는 1H-NMR 및 FT-IR 스펙트럼으로 분석하였으며, GPC로 분자량을 측정하였다. 이 공중합체를 디젤연료에 500∼1000 ppm, 바이오디젤을 5%, 20% 함유한 디젤연료(BD5 및 BD20)에 1000∼10000 ppm을 각각 첨가하여 유동점, 구름점 및 저온필터막힘점 등의 저온유동특성을 조사하였다. 저온유동특성을 측정한 결과 BD5에서 SMA를 포함한 공중합체 PSMAmR2n에서 첨가 전 대비 유동점 15℃, 구름점 6℃, 저온필터막힘점 10℃ 강하되어 가장 우수한 결과를 나타냈다. n-Paraffin and saturated fatty acid methyl esters in the diesel and bio-diesel fuel crystallize at low temperature. Many articles have addressed various solutions for the low temperature crystallization problem and one of them is the use of methacrylate copolymers. In this work, we synthesized a series of copolymers in the reaction condition of 70:30 molar ratio of lauryl methacrylate (LMA) (or stearyl methacrylate (SMA)) and alkyl methacrylates. The structures of the copolymers were characterized by 1 H-NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy, and the molecular weight of copolymers were obtained from Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) method. The concentrations of additives were 500∼1000 ppm and 1000∼10000 ppm in diesel fuels and bio-diesel fuel (BD5 and BD20), respectively. The addition of copolymers changes the many properties of fuel such as the pour point (PP), cloud point (CP) and cold filtering plugging point (CFPP). For example, the low temperature properties of the copolymers containing SMA (PSMAmR2n) were excellently improved about 15, 7, and 10℃ for PP, CP and CFPP, respectively.

바이오디젤용 저온유동성 향상제의 개발에 관한 연구

양영도(Young-Do Yang),김영운(Young-Wun Kim),정근우(Keun-Wo Chung),김성보(Seong-Bo Kim),임대재(Dae-Jae Yim),김영직(Young-Gik Kim) 한국트라이볼로지학회 2007 한국트라이볼로지학회 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.6

New pour point depressants were prepared by making use of the random copolymerization of acrylate monomer. The pour point and cloud point of the synthetic polymers in diesel mixtures containing 5%(BD5) and 20%(BD20) biodiesel were investigated. The characteristics of the synthetic polymers which were random structure of P(St/SMA). P(SMA/St), P(SMA/OMA/St), P(LM/AMA/St), P(LMA/SMA/St) were analyzed by ¹H-NMR and GPC. When the synthetic polymers were added to BD5 and BD20 at the concentration of 5000ppm. The pour point of the terpolymers were -5℃~-10℃ lower than that of the copolymers. In the case of BD5 whose pour point is -12.5℃, the pour point of the existing additives and the P(LMA/SMA/St) polymer additive which showed the lowest pour point among the synthetic polymers were -37.5℃ and -35℃ respectively at the concentration of 5000ppm. The result showed the pour point of the P(LMA/SMA/St) polymer was higher than the existing additives. On the other hand. in the case of BD20 whose pour point is -10℃, the pour points of the existing additives and the P(LMA/OMA/St) polymer was -32.5℃ and -35℃ respectively at the concentration of 5000ppm. It showed that the P(LMA/OMA/St) polymer was lower than the existing additives. In the results of cloud point, the cloud point of the synthetic polymers revealed -3℃ lower than before addition of the polymers and -2℃ lower than the cloud point of existing additives.