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Real-space Imaging of Ferroelectric and Structural Antiphase Domains in Hexagonal YMnO<sub>3</sub>
Keisuke Kobayashi,Hideki Kamo,Kosuke Kurushima,Yoichi Horibe,정상욱,Yoshihiko Togawa,Shigeo Mori 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.62 No.7
A high-angle annular-dark-field (HAADF) imaging technique was applied to the investigation of domain wall structures in the ferroelectric phase of hexagonal manganites, YMnO<sub>3</sub>, on an atomic scale. The displacements of the Y<sup>3+</sup> ions along the [001] direction can be clearly visualized. The ferroelectric dipole moments are revealed to be caused by the opposite and unequal displacements of Y<sup>3+</sup> ions. Two types of domain walls should be identified in the ferroelectric domain structures. One is charged longitudinal domain walls with head-to-head or tail-to-tail configurations and the other is non-charged transverse domain walls with head-to-tail configurations. In addition, the ferroelectric and the structural antiphase domains in YMnO<sub>3</sub> change into fragmentary domains because of substitution of Ti<sup>4+</sup> for Mn<sup>3+</sup>, and ferroelectric nanodomains with sizes of 10 - 20 nm are found in the x = 0.30 compound.
Amino Acid Transporters as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Thyroid Cancer
Keisuke Enomoto,Muneki Hotomi 대한내분비학회 2020 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.35 No.2
Thyroid cancer cells have a high amino acid demand for proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Amino acids are taken up by thyroidcancer cells, both thyroid follicular cell and thyroid parafollicular cells (commonly called “C-cells”), via amino acid transporters. Amino acid transporters up-regulate in many cancers, and their expression level associate with clinical aggressiveness and prognosis. This is the review to discuss the therapeutic potential of amino acid transporters and as molecular targets in thyroid cancer.
( Keisuke Kojima ),( Naoki Sunagawa ),( Kiyohiko Igarashi ),( Paul Dupree ) 한국목재공학회 2021 한국목재공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2021 No.1
Xylan is the major hemicellulose. The main chain is consisted of xylose residues, whereas the side chain differs by the plant species. For instance, xylan from hardwood is substituted by glucuronic acid and acetylated. In nature, fungi degrade xylan, producing various enzymes. In general, xylan main chain is degraded into xylooligosaccharides by xylanase. Thus, its substrate recognition is a crucial for the efficient digestion of xylan. Ample studies have reported about xyalanases’ substrate specificities towards xylan and xylooligosaccharides substituted with glucuronic acid. On the other hand, little is known about the effect of acetylation due to difficulty in extracting acetylated xylan. The basidiomycetes Phanerochaete chrysosporioum is a model organism for white rot fungi. P.c degrades hardwood in nature and has various enzymes. P.c has three xylanases belonging to GH family 10 and 11. In general, wood decay fungi have GH family 10 xylanases and mold has GH family 11 xylanases. Therefore, this study prepared substrates, investigated the reaction property of two xylanases from the P.c and compared GH family 10 and 11 xylanases’ characteristics. Finally, we proposed xylan degradation system using each xylanase.
Cu-NMR Studies of the Heavy-Fermion Compound CeCu6 under High Magnetic Fields
Keisuke Kuroda,Kyohei Morita,Hisashi Kotegawa,Hitoshi Sugawara,Hideki Tou 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.62 No.12
We report a Cu NMR Knight shift K in a prototypical heavy-fermion system CeCu6 in thetemperature range of 1.5 K - 100 K at applied magnetic fields up to 15 T. With increasing magneticfield, the 63Cu NMR Knight shift for Hk[001] is suppressed drastically. The suppression of K withincreasing field is consistent with the field dependence of the susceptibility. In order to explainthis behavior, we adopted the Kondo resonance level model, where the thermodynamics at lowtemperatures are proportional to the density of states at the energy µH. The resonant model wasfound to correctly predict the suppression of the Knight shift with increasing magnetic field.
Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Airways: Their Functions and Regulators
Keisuke Orimo,Hirohisa Saito,Kenji Matsumoto,Hideaki Morita 대한천식알레르기학회 2020 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.12 No.3
Since the airways are constantly exposed to various pathogens and foreign antigens, various kinds of cells in the airways—including structural cells and immune cells—interact to form a precise defense system against pathogens and antigens that involve both innate immunity and acquired immunity. Accumulating evidence suggests that innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play critical roles in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, defense against pathogens and the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, especially at body surface mucosal sites such as the airways. ILCs are activated mainly by cytokines, lipid mediators and neuropeptides that are produced by surrounding cells, and they produce large amounts of cytokines that result in inflammation. In addition, ILCs can change their phenotype in response to stimuli from surrounding cells, which enables them to respond promptly to microenvironmental changes. ILCs exhibit substantial heterogeneity, with different phenotypes and functions depending on the organ and type of inflammation, presumably because of differences in microenvironments. Thus, ILCs may be a sensitive detector of microenvironmental changes, and analysis of their phenotype and function at local sites may enable us to better understand the microenvironment in airway diseases. In this review, we aimed to identify molecules that either positively or negatively influence the function and/or plasticity of ILCs and the sources of the molecules in the airways in order to examine the pathophysiology of airway inflammatory diseases and facilitate the issues to be solved.
Applying Genetic Algorithm for Can-Order Policies in the Joint Replenishment Problem
Keisuke Nagasawa,Takashi Irohara,Yosuke Matoba,Shuling Liu 대한산업공학회 2015 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.14 No.1
In this paper, we consider multi-item inventory management. When managing a multi-item inventory, we coordinate replenishment orders of items supplied by the same supplier. The associated problem is called the joint replenishment problem (JRP). One often-used approach to the JRP is to apply a can-order policy. Under a can-order policy, some items are re-ordered when their inventory level drops to or below their re-order level, and any other item with an inventory level at or below its can-order level can be included in this order. In the present paper, we propose a method for finding the optimal parameter of a can-order policy, the can-order level, for each item in a lost-sales model. The main objectives in our model are minimizing the number of ordering, inventory, and shortage (i.e., lost-sales) respectively, compared with the conventional JRP, in which the objective is to minimize total cost. In order to solve this multi-objective optimization problem, we apply a genetic algorithm. In a numerical experiment using actual shipment data, we simulate the proposed model and compare the results with those of other methods.