Comparison of Melanoma Subtypes among Korean Patients by Morphologic Features and Ultraviolet Exposure

( Hong Sun Jang ),( Jee Hung Kim ),( Kyu Hyun Park ),( Jae Seok Lee ),( Jung Min Bae ),( Byung Ho Oh ),( Sun Young Rha ),( Mi Ryung Roh ),( Kee Yang Chung ) 대한피부과학회 2014 Annals of Dermatology Vol.26 No.4

Background: Genetic alterations have been identified in melanomas according to different levels of sun exposure. Whereas the conventional morphology-based classification provides a clue for tumor growth and prognosis, the new classification by genetic alterations offers a basis for targeted therapy. Objective: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the biological behavior of melanoma subtypes and compare the two classifications in the Korean population. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients found to have malignant melanoma in Severance Hospital from 2005 to 2012. Age, sex, location of the tumor, histologic subtype, tumor depth, ulceration, lymph node invasion, visceral organ metastasis, and overall survival were evaluated. Results: Of the 206 cases, the most common type was acral melanoma (n=94, 45.6%), followed by nonchronic sun damage-induced melanoma (n=43, 20.9%), and mucosal melanoma (n=40, 19.4%). Twenty-one patients (10.2%) had the chronic sun-damaged type, whereas eight patients (3.9%) had tumors of unknown primary origin. Lentigo maligna melanoma was newly classified as the chronic sun-damaged type, and acral lentiginous melanoma as the acral type. More than half of the superficial spreading melanomas were newly grouped as nonchronic sun-damaged melanomas, whereas nodular melanoma was rather evenly distributed. Conclusion: The distribution of melanomas was largely similar in both the morphology-based and sun exposure-based classifications, and in both classifications, mucosal melanoma had the worst 5-year survival owing to its tumor thickness and advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. (Ann Dermatol 26(4) 485~490, 2014)

종달리 소금의 상품화 방안

홍선기(Sun-kee Hong) 제주학회 2017 제주학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2017 No.2

The so-called senary industry (or the sixth-level industry) refers to the industrial consolidation for increased efficiency that takes place between selected areas from the primary sector (including agriculture, forestry, and fisheries), the secondary sector (including the manufacture of goods and processing of raw materials) and the tertiary sector (including the provision of services and distribution of goods). Japan has already utilized its various seafood to produce a range of senary products since the early 2000s as a measure of regional revitalization. It works to create added value by focusing on the production of small commodities and multiple items and by adding local specialty associated with regional indigenous industries to the products. In particular, Japan has nurtured its senary sector with a focus on raw materials such as salt and salt-based items as a way of highlighting the local specialty of the production sites and promoting the products as premium. Although the method of producing sun-dried salt (as it is dried in the mud flats in Korea) disappeared, Japan still produces and sells salt in other various ways. Since 2002, salt has been traded and imported without any restrictions, leading to free distribution of salt from overseas production sites. The growing popularity of natural food and the increased recognition of imported salt required administrative guidance on the safety and quality of the products for the protection of consumers. In this sense, Japan legislated the ‘Fair Competition Act on Display of Edible Salt’ and mandated the sales of salt with the related accreditation labeled. Salt products currently manufactured and sold in Japan are grouped and categorized based on type, such as rock-salt, sea salt, special salt from overseas, and more, featuring some 150 different items. Vol. 3 of the Chronicle of Korean Fisheries (1910) documented the record from 1573 (mid-Joseon era) where then-Jeju Governor Kang Yeo designated the mud flat of the village of Jongdal-ri as a suitable salt field. He then sent a community leader to the Korean mainland who later returned with knowledge on how to produce salt and shared it with the villagers. Later historic records show that 353 households in the 1900s included nearly 160 residents involved in salt production, with 46 kilns used to boil brine. Instead of sun-drying the salt, the villagers poured seawater onto the sand to melt the bittern and boiled the brackish water in the traditional caldron. Jeju is a tourist destination and has the potential to develop a range of cultural products using its UNESCO Natural Heritage title. Although there is no longer salt production in Jongdal-ri, this could change. If Jeju succeeds in restoring production techniques and reviving the artisan high-quality salt industry, it can presumably produce an island-specific salt that is different from the mudflat-based ones of Jeollanamdo (a province in the southwest of Korea). It may be a good strategy for regional revitalization to bring recognition to Jongdal-ri of Jeju by producing artisan, high-quality salt in small yield rather than in abundance.

집단적 치유와 제의로서 북한 영화 : <자강도 사람들>을 중심으로

전영선 ( Young Sun Jeon ),권정기 ( Jeon Kee Kwon ) 북한연구학회 2013 北韓硏究學會報 Vol.17 No.1

?집단적 치유와 제의로서 북한영화 읽기?는 영화 <자강도 사람들>이 집단적 치유와 국가적 의례로서 제작 되었음을 밝히는 데 목적이 있다. <자강도 사람들>은 2000년 조선예술영화촬영소에서 제작되어, 2001년에 개봉되었다. 2001년 5월에는 조선중앙TV를 통해 방영되었다. <자강도 사람들>은 1990년대중반 이른바 ``고난의 행군`` 자강도의 발전소 건설 과정을 다룬 영화이다. 이 영화에서 주목되는 것은 ``고난의 행군``을정면으로 다루었다는 것이다. 북한 문학 예술에서 ``고난의 행군``을 다룬 작품은 많지 않다. 1990년대 중반의 위기 상황은 북한 전체가 겪어야 했던 집단적 위기 상황이었다. 식량난, 자원난, 외화난으로 인해 수만에서 수십만의 죽음이 있었다. 영화에서도 고난의 행군 시기 자강도 사람들이 겪었던 문제를 정면으로 드러낸다. 먹을 것을 찾아 눈 덮인 벌판을 헤매다 죽은 정만호는 <자강도 사람들>을 상징한다. 북한 영화에서 죽음은 수령이나 체제를 위한 헌신적인 희생으로 그려졌다. 북한 영화에서 먹을 것이 없어 눈밭을 헤매다 죽는 장면은 거의 없다. 눈보라 치는 험한 환경도 극복해야 할 대상으로 상징되기 때문이다. 그 만큼 고난의 행군 시기 북한이 겪어야 했던 고난이 어려웠음을 보여준다. 정만호 뿐만 아니라 병실에서 암으로 죽어가면서도 약이 없어 치료받지 못하는 발전소 건설단의 여단장인 강호성의 아내 리선희, 발전소 건설을 위해 굴착작업에 나선 노동자들에게 옥수수 알갱이 40알을 확인하고 주어야 하는 처녀대원들의 모습은 고난의 행군에 대한 사실적인 고백이다. 예술이 국가의 절대적인 영향과 통제 안에서 이루어지는 북한에서 이런 영화를 만들고 방영한 이유는 무엇일까. 이 글에서는 집단적 치유를 명분으로 한 북한 체제의 자기 서사의 회복을 위한 과정으로 분석한다. 고난의 행군은 북한 당국의 이름으로 명명된 것이었기에 고난의 행군이 끝났음을 의미하는 집단적 문화의식이 필요하였다. 2000년 들어 북한 당국이 강조한 강성대국 건설이라는 목표는 고난의 행군에 대한 출구 없이는 설득력을 갖기 어려웠다. 고난의 행군이 완전하게 종결되었음을 선언하는 문화적 행위가 필요하였다. ``고난의 행군``이라는 집단적 트라우마로부터 벗어났음을 확인하는 집단적 치유 과정이 필요하였다. 고난의 행군의 원인을 제시하고 결과로서 승리하는 과정을 보여줌으로써 고난의 행군 트라우마에서 공식적으로 벗어 났음을 선언하는 것이다. 이 과정은 비판적 기억의 재구성 과정이 아니었다. 북한체제의 개입으로 진행된 집단적 기억의 재구성 과정이었다. 영화를 통해 고난의 행군에 대한 ``집단적 기억의 재구성``이 이루어진 것이었다. 드러내기는 불편하지만 반드시 지나갔음을 선언해야만 하는 ``고난의 행군``에 대한 문화적이고 의례적인 종식 선언이 바로 <자강도 사람들>이었던 것이다. The purpose of ?Reading North Korean Film as Collective Treatment and Suggestion?is to illuminate that the film <People of Jagang-do> was produced for collective treatment and as a national occasion. <People of Jagang-do> was produced by Joseon Arts Movie Studio in 2000, and released in 2001. In May of 2001, it was broadcasted through the Joseon Central TV. <People of Jagang-do> is a movie that pictures the construction process of a power plant in Jagang-do during the period of the ``Arduous March`` during the mid-1990s. The significance of this movie is that it directly issued the theme of the ``Arduous March``. Among North Korean art and literature, there are not many works handling the theme of the ``Arduous March``. The crisis during the mid-1990s was a collective experience that influenced all of North Korea. Food crisis, resource crisis, and foreign currency crisis resulted in tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of death. Likewise, in the movie, the problems that the people of Jagang-do had to face during the period of the ``Arudous March`` are explicitly revealed. Chung Man-ho, who died while wandering around snow-covered fields to find food, is a symbolic representation of the <People of Jagang-do>. In North Korean movies, death is commonly portrayed as devoted sacrifice for their leader or the social system. In North Korean films, there are hardly any scenes with people dying in snow-covered fields in the process of searching for food. Hazardous environment such as a snow storm would be perceived as a symbolic hardship that needs to be overcome. This implies that the adversity North Korea had to go through during the ``Arduous March`` was tormenting. Not only Chung Man-ho but also the features of Lee Sun-hee, the wife of the power plant construction brigade commander Kang Ho-seong, who had to die of cancer with the lack of medication; and young female workers, who had to make sure the workers of the power plant excavation construction each received 40 seeds of corn, are a realistic confession of the ``Arduous March``. What could be the motives of North Korea to produce and broadcast this film, considering that art activity is usually allowed only under the absolute influence and control of the government. In this paper, it is analyzed as a process for restoration of the self-narrative epic of North Korean social system under the pretext of collective treatment. As the ``Arduous March`` was named by the North Korean authorities, there was a need to form a collective cultural consciousness signify- ing the end of the ``Arduous March``. The goal of building a strong and prosperous nation, increasingly emphasized since 2000, could not be persuasive without finding the exit to the ``Arduous March``. Thus, there was a need for a cultural act to announce the complete end of the ``Arduous March``. A collective treatment process to confirm the escape from collective trauma of the ``Arduous March`` was necessary. By suggesting the causes of the ``Arduous March`` and showing the process of winning as the result, it is to announce that they have officially overcome the collective trauma of the ``Arudous March``. This process was not a critical reconstruction process of memory. It was a reconstruction process of collective memory influenced under the intervention of the North Korean social system. The ``reconstruction of collective memory`` regarding the ``Arduous March`` was achieved through the movie. Although it was disturbing to reveal, the passing of the ``Arduous March`` had to be proclaimed, and the cultural and ritual announcement to mark the end of the ``Arduous March`` happened to be precisely the <People of Jagang-do>.

Molecular identification of the strains of the domestic silkworm, Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), which are endemic to Korea, based on single nucleotide polymorphisms in mitochondrial genome sequences

Park Jeong Sun,Kim Min Jee,Kim Seong-Wan,Kim Kee-Young,Kim Seong-Ryul,김익수 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.2

The domestic silkworm, Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), has been diversified into various strains over a long period. However, methods to distinguish silkworm strains remain limited partially owing to the genetic similarity caused by the long history of domestication. In this study, we developed molecular identification methods to distinguish three domestic silkworm strains, which are endemic to Korea. By comparing publicly available complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequences of five endemic strains and 34 stock silk worm strains analyzed in a previous study, we detected 15 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; SNP1–SNP15), which distinguished the following three endemic strains: Sun7ho (SN7), Sandongsammyeon (SDS), and Sammyeonhonghoeback (SMH). We used two SNPs for each strain to identify the three endemic strains. To distinguish each SN7 and SDS from the remaining four endemic and 34 stock strains, the PCRrestriction fragment length polymorphism method was employed using Acu I and Hpa I restriction enzymes, which recognize SNP1 and SNP8, respectively. Additionally, the tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system PCR method was used to determine the regions containing SNP3, SNP11, and both SNP14 and SNP15 to distinguish SN7, SDS, and SMH, respectively, from the remaining strains. A validation test with additional in dividuals showed that each target strain was clearly recognized, suggesting that mitogenome SNP-based methods can be used to identify three endemic silkworm strains during culture and breeding.

여성 외음부에 발생한 선상 편평상피세포암종

김창옥,양기화,강석진,이안희,김병기,김선무 대한병리학회 1991 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.25 No.1

하악 무치악 부위의 임플란트 이식을 위한 전산화단층촬영 영상의 비교 평가

선경훈,정호걸,박혁,박창서,김기덕 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2009 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.39 No.1

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of the recently developed multi-detector computed tomography and cone beam computed tomography in pre-operative implant evaluation, by comparing them with the single detector computed tomography, already confirmed for accuracy in this area. Materials and Methods : Five partially edentulous dry human mandibles, with 1×1 mm gutta percha cones, placed in 5 mm intervals posterior to the mental foramen on each side of the buccal part of the mandible, were used in this study. They were scanned as follows: 1) Single detector computed tomography: slice thickness 1 mm, 200 mA, 120 kV 2) Multi-detector computed tomography: slice thickness 0.75 mm, 250 mA, 120 kV 3) Cone beam computed tomography: 15 mAs, 120 kV Axial images acquired from three computed tomographies were transferred to personal computer, and then reformatted cross-sectional images were generated using V-Implant 2.0 (CyberMed Inc., Seoul, Korea) software. Among the cross-sectional images of the gutta percha cone, placed in the buccal body of the mandible, the most precise cross section was selected as the measuring point and the distance from the most superior border of the mandibular canal to the alveolar crest was measured and analyzed 10 times by a dentist. Results : There were no significant intraobserver differences in the distance from the most superior border of the mandibular canal to the alveolar crest (p>0.05). There were no significant differences among single detector computed tomography, multi-detector computed tomography and cone beam computed tomography in the distance from the most superior border of the mandibular canal to the alveolar crest (p>0.05). Conclusion : Multi-detector computed tomography and cone beam computed tomography are clinically useful in the evaluation of pre-operative site for mandibular dental implants, with consideration for radiation exposure dose and scanning time.

승모판대치술후 도플러 심초음피를 이용한 인공 판막의 종류에 따른 최대혈류속도와 평균혈류속도에 관한 연구

박선우,김권배,김윤년,김기식 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1988 계명의대학술지 Vol.7 No.2

The conventional non-invasive and invasive technique have limitations in evaluating cardiac prosthetic valves and artificial valves. We have used continuous wave Doppler echocardiography to evaluate 48 patients with tissue and mechanical mitral valves implanted within 4 months prior to examination. The results are as follows. 1) Of these patients, male are 28. The mean ages of male are 35.60 (yr) and female are 41.82. 2) The differences of peak and mean velocities of prosthetic acardiac valves between male and female are not significant, but the differences of valvular size between male and female are significant(male:31.00±1.30(mm), female:29.36±2.11, p<0.01). 3) The difference of size and flow velocities between mechanical (Edwards-Duromedics) and tissue(Ionescue-Shiley) valves are not significant, but the ages of patients with mechanical valves are significantly lower than tissue valves(mechanical valve; 34.05±11.28, tissue valve; 43.62±11.26, p<0.01). 4) The differences of flow velocities between mechanical and tissue valves, sizes of which are 31mm, are significant statistically (peak velocity; 130.15±24.59 vs 110.00±19.41, mean velocity; 74.49±23.14 vs 51.38±12.71, p<0.01). 5) The sizes of valves are larger, the peak and mean velocities are lower, but it is not significant statistically. The results indicated that Doppler echocardiography is a useful method for evaluating function of prosthetic valves.

돌하르방의 美術解剖學的 硏究

文基善 제주대학 1981 논문집 Vol.13 No.1

The Cheju Stone Statues, "Dolhalubang", create a unique impression of Cheju-Do upon the minds of those who happen to see them. This impression is particularly particularly among visitors from the mainland and from foreign countries. The Stone Statues have also attracted the attention of Korean scholars, who now find an artistic value in them and regard them as valuvable objects of folklore art and cultural properties of traditional Korea. This paper aims to be a groundwork to disclose when such types of stone statues began to emrege in Cheju-Do, how they were carved, where they were crected and why there. In order to achieve this aim, this paper also dealt with the interrelation between formative arts and social backgrounds of the Yi Dynasty, and explored their anatomical characteristics to trace the traditional artistic craftsmanship lingering in Cheju-do.

키르리안 카메라로 기(氣)사진을 찍을 수 있는가 ?

이기방,이선정 全北大學校 科學敎育硏究所 1999 과학과 과학교육 논문지 Vol.24 No.-

The Qi of universe and body has been examined in terms of modern physics and the Oriental philosophy. The meridian theory of the Oriental medicine was interpreted based on the bio-oscillation of body cells under an assumption that the Qi is a unique oscillatory phenomenon of universal quantum field with eigen-frequencies and can not be seen by naked eyes. It is shown that the 20 meridians in human body are the path ways of the metabolic effete matters and the informational net-work controlling the activities and the functions of all the organs. We suggest here to read Qi from the aura photos of a body taken by a Kirlian camera.

신이식 환자에서 EBV감염과 관련된 악성 임파종 2예

윤선애,진동찬,김용수,신완식,윤영석,방병기,최영진,심상인,고용복 大韓移植學會 1993 Korean Journal of Transplantation Vol.7 No.1