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G. Rajesh Kannan,P. Sathiya,T. Deepan Bharathi Kannan,M. Bhuvanesh Kumar 대한금속·재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.9
In this work, the technique of spin arc welding has been used to weld HSLA steel of grade 15CDV6. Experiments wereperformed according to the L9 Taguchi matrix using current, travel speed, wire feed rate, and spin rotation speed as inputparameters. The quality of the weld was analysed by measuring the bead geometry and microhardness. The Whale OptimizationAlgorithm (WOA) was used to identify the optimized welding parameters. The optimised parameters were identifiedthrough WOA as follows: current 230 A, voltage 24 V, travel speed 720 mm/min, and spin rotation speed 1500 rpm. Thepost-weld heat treatment (PWHT) was performed on the optimised welded sample to enhance the weld properties. Themicrohardness was increased by 79% after PWHT. Ferrite content was found to have reduced after welding and PWHT thegrain size and structure of the BM, HAZ, and WM were analysed by EBSD technique. The decrease in ferrite content hada significant effect on the microhardness. The Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy results showed the presence of Vanadiumcarbide (VC) precipitates which helped in increasing the microhardness.
Kannan, R.,Kim, A.R.,Nahm, K.S.,Yoo, D.J. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.40 No.35
In this study, low-loading palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) were prepared on a graphene oxide-manganese oxide (GR/MO) support using a one-pot, eco-friendly ''green'' process. The GR/MO-Pd nanocomposite was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Raman, scanning microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The elemental composition was determined using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and the electronic state of the materials was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The GR/MO-Pd nanocomposite exhibited high electrocatalytic activity towards ethylene glycol oxidation in alkaline medium. The GR/MO-Pd electrode demonstrated a forward anodic peak current density of 3.8 mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, which was higher than both MO-Pd and GR-Pd electrodes. This excellent catalytic activity, low onset potential, better intermediate tolerance and good long-term stability of the GR/MO-Pd electrode could be attributed to the uniform dispersion of Pd NPs over the GR/MO support. This work outlines a new method for simple, fast and eco-friendly fabrication of a catalyst with high electrochemical performance and potential in alcohol fuel cell applications.
Kannan, R.,Kim, A.R.,Kim, J.S.,Yoo, D.J. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.41 No.40
<P>Nanoarchitectured carbon-palladium quantum dot (C-Pd)-supported manganese-titanium oxide/3D graphene (MTOx-3DG) catalyst is developed using a two-step process, for ethylene glycol fuel cells and oxygen evolution reactions. About 10 nm-sized carbon shell and a 5 nm-sized Pd catalyst over an MTOx-3DG support is established by the facile green chemical approach. The C-Pd-MTOx-3DG nanoarchitectured catalyst possesses excellent electrocatalytic activity with the peak current density of 23.8 mA/cm(2) for ethylene glycol electrooxidation. In addition, MTOx-3DG support material helps to remove the poisonous intermediates formed during the ethylene glycol electrooxidation. We addressed this point by suitable method in which about 80% of the poisonous compounds are removed, with the help of a supporting material at higher forward potential regions. In addition to that the formation of Pd adatoms and synergism of mixed metal atoms helped to effectively oxidize the fuel. The physical and chemical analyses show that the prepared C-Pd-MTOx-3DG electrocatalyst is nanostructured, with excellent catalytic activity, better intermediate tolerance, and sound long-term stability of the catalyst, attributed to the uniform dispersion of the Pd QDs and excellent interaction between the noble metal catalyst and the support. The present study sketches a simple and novel electrocatalyst for direct ethylene glycol fuel cells. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC.</P>
Kannan Kaliyappan,Sutha Padmanabhan 대한전기학회 2013 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.8 No.2
This paper presents a novel nonlinear model of Switched Reluctance Generator (SRG) based on wind Energy Conversion system. Closed loop control with based Proportional Integrator current Chopping Control machine model is used. A Power converter in SRG can be controlled by using PI-CCC proposed model, and can be produced maximum power efficiency and minimize the ripple contents in the output of SRG. A second power converter namely PI based controlled PWM Inverter is used to interface the machine to the Grid. An effective control technique for the inverter, based on the pulse width modulation (PWM) scheme, has been developed to make the line voltage needs less power switching devices and each pair of turbine the generated active power starts increasing smoothly. This proposed control scheme feasibility and validity are simulated on SIMULINK/SIM POWER SYSTEMS only.
Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Phytopathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Strain BXO8
( Kannan Badri Narayanan ),( Natarajan Sakthivel ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.9
Extracellular biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles with various shapes using the rice bacterial blight bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae BXO8 is reported. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, and highresolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). Based on the evidence of HR-TEM, the synthesized particles were found to be spherical, with anisotropic structures such as triangles and rods, with an average size of 14.86 nm. The crystalline nature of silver nanoparticles was evident from the bright circular spots in the SAED pattern, clear lattice fringes in the high-resolution TEM images, and peaks in the XRD pattern. The FTIR spectrum showed that biomolecules containing amide and carboxylate groups are involved in the reduction and stabilization of the silver nanoparticles. Using such a biological method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles is a simple, viable, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly process, which can be used in antimicrobial therapy.
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in the Bio-geochemistry of Oceans
Kannan, Narayanan The Korean Society for Marine Biotechnology 2007 한국해양바이오학회지 Vol.2 No.4
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are anthropogenic contaminants found globally in water, ice, soil, air and sediment. Modern analytical techniques allow us to determine these chemicals in environmental matrices at parts per trillion levels or lower. Environmental forensic on PCBs opens up new avenues of investigation such as transport and fate of water masses in oceans, sedimentation, onset of primary production, migration of marine mammals, their population distribution and pharmacokinetics of drugs inside organisms. By virtue of persistence, bioaccumulation, bioconcentration and structure-activity relationship PCBs emerge as unconventional chemical tracers of new sort.
Kannan, K.,Shivakumar, R.,Chandrasekar, S. The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2016 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.11 No.4
Tower insulators in electric power transmission network play a crucial role in preserving the reliability of the system. Electrical utilities frequently face the problem of flashover of insulators due to pollution deposition on their surface. Several research works based on leakage current (LC) measurement has been already carried out in developing diagnostic techniques for these insulators. Since the LC signal is highly intermittent in nature, estimation of pollution severity based on LC signal measurement over a short period of time will not produce accurate results. Reports on the measurement and analysis of LC signals over a long period of time is scanty. This paper attempts to use Random Forest (RF) classifier, which produces accurate results on large data bases, to analyze the pollution severity of high voltage tower insulators. Leakage current characteristics over a long period of time were measured in the laboratory on porcelain insulator. Pollution experiments were conducted at 11 kV AC voltage. Time domain analysis and wavelet transform technique were used to extract both basic features and histogram features of the LC signal. RF model was trained and tested with a variety of LC signals measured over a lengthy period of time and it is noticed that the proposed RF model based pollution severity classifier is efficient and will be helpful to electrical utilities for real time implementation.
Kannan, S.,Venkatachalam, G.,Lee, H.J.,Min, B.K.,Kim, W.,Koo, E.,Do, Y.R.,Yoon, S. Pergamon Press 2011 Polyhedron Vol.30 No.2
The metal coordination geometry in the active site of metalloproteins are very different from the one of small inorganic complexes, due to the inflexibility of the ligand set from amino acid side chains different from freely moving ligand set in synthesis. Using the sterically hindered 2,6-di-(p-fluorophenyl)benzoate(L) ligand, a series of mononuclear Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes of general formula [M(L)<SUB>2</SUB>(Hdmpz)<SUB>2</SUB>] (where, Hdmpz=3,5-dimethyl pyrazole) have been synthesized and characterized by the variety of spectroscopic methods. A distorted octahedral geometry in case of nickel, tetrahedral geometry for cobalt and square pyramidal in copper was observed in the X-ray studies, which also revealed that the uncoordinated oxygen atom of the carboxylate group forms intramolecular hydrogen bonding with the N-H group of the coordinated 3,5-dimethylpyrazole in case of cobalt and copper.