Neuromorphic Vision Hybrid RRAM-CMOS Architecture

Eshraghian, Jason Kamran,Cho, Kyoungrok,Zheng, Ciyan,Nam, Minho,Iu, Herbert Ho-Ching,Lei, Wen,Eshraghian, Kamran IEEE 2018 IEEE transactions on very large scale integration Vol.26 No.12

<P>The development of a bioinspired image sensor, which can match the functionality of the vertebrate retina, has provided new opportunities for vision systems and processing through the realization of new architectures. Research in both retinal cellular systems and nanodriven memristive technology has made a challenging arena more accessible to emulate features of the retina that are closer to biological systems. This paper synthesizes the signal flow path of photocurrent throughout a retina in a scalable 180-nm CMOS technology, which initiates at a <TEX>$128\times 128$</TEX> active pixel image sensor, and converges to a <TEX>$16\times 16$</TEX> array, where each node emits a spike train synonymous to the function of the retinal ganglionic output cell. This signal can be sent to the visual cortex for image interpretation as part of an artificial vision system. Layers of memristive networks are used to emulate the functions of horizontal and amacrine cells in the retina, which average and converge signals. The resulting image matches biologically verified results within an error margin of 6% and exhibits the following features of the retina: lateral inhibition, asynchronous adaptation, and a low-dynamic-range integration active pixel sensor to perceive a high-dynamic-range scene.</P>

Post-buckling analysis of sandwich FG porous cylindrical shells with a viscoelastic core

Kamran Foroutan,Liming Dai 국제구조공학회 2022 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.45 No.3

In this research, an approach combining a semi-analytical method and an analytical method is presented to investigate the static and dynamic post-buckling behavior of the sandwich functionally graded (FG) porous cylindrical shells exposed to external pressure. The sandwich cylindrical shell considered is composed of a viscoelastic core and two FG porous (FGP) face layers. The viscoelastic core is made of Kelvin-Voigt-type material. The material properties of the FG porous face layer are considered continuous through each face thickness according to a porosity coefficient and a volume fraction index. Two types of sandwich FG porous viscoelastic cylindrical shells named Type A and Type B are considered in the research. Type A shell has the porosity evenly distributed across the thickness direction, and Type B has the porosity unevenly distributes across the thickness direction. The FG face layers are considered in two cases: outside metal surface, inside ceramic surface (OMSICS), and inside metal surface, outside ceramic surface (IMS-OCS). According to Donnell shell theory, von-Kármán equation, and Galerkin’s method, a discretized nonlinear governing equation is derived for analyzing the behavior of the shells. The explicit expressions for static and dynamic critical buckling loading are thus developed. To study the dynamic buckling of the shells, the governing equation is examined via a numerical approach implementing the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. With a procedure presented by Budiansky-Roth, the critical load for dynamic post-buckling is obtained. The effects of various parameters, such as material and geometrical parameters, on the post-buckling behaviors are investigated.

Nonlinear vibration of SSMFG cylindrical shells with internal resonances resting on the nonlinear viscoelastic foundation

Kamran Foroutan,Habib Ahmadi 국제구조공학회 2022 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.84 No.6

In this paper, the nonlinear vibration behavior of the spiral stiffened multilayer functionally graded (SSMFG) cylindrical shells exposed to the thermal environment and a uniformly distributed harmonic loading using a semi-analytical method is investigated. The cylindrical shell is surrounded by a nonlinear viscoelastic foundation consisting of a two-parameter Winkler-Pasternak foundation augmented by a Kelvin-Voigt viscoelastic model with a nonlinear cubic stiffness. The distribution of temperature and material constitutive of the stiffeners are continuously changed through the thickness direction. The cylindrical shell has three layers consisting of metal, FGM, and ceramic. The interior layer of the cylindrical shell is rich in metal, while the exterior layer is rich in ceramic, and the FG material is located between two layers. The nonlinear vibration problem utilizing the smeared stiffeners technique, the von Kármán equations, and the Galerkin method has been solved. The multiple scales method is utilized to examine the nonlinear vibration behavior of SSMFG cylindrical shells. The considered resonant case is 1:3:9 internal resonance and subharmonic resonance of order 1/3. The influences of different material and geometrical parameters on the vibration behavior of SSMFG cylindrical shells are examined. The results show that the angles of stiffeners, temperature, and elastic foundation parameters have a strong effect on the vibration behaviors of the SSMFG cylindrical shells.

[Keynote Speech] Metaphysical Integrated Systems: who is writing our future?

Kamran Eshraghian(캄란 에슈라기안) 한국정신과학학회 2014 한국정신과학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.4

Digital Twin-Based Hybrid Approach to Visualize the Performance of TBM

Kamran Latif,Abubakar Sharafat,Soohyun Park,Jongwon Seo 대한토목학회 2022 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.10

Nickel coated MnO₂/rGO nanocomposites for Lithium capture from water

( Kamran Urooj ),박수진 한국공업화학회 2019 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2019 No.1

The weight ratios controllable synthesis of novel and effective RGO-Nix/MnO₂y nanocomposites was done by hydrothermal approach. The reduction of graphite to graphene oxide, fabrication of MnO₂ and deposition of Ni-MnO₂ above the surface of reduced graphene oxide was individually carried out by hydrothermal technique. The physical and morphological properties of prepared nanocomposites was analyzed. The batch adsorption experiment was performed to identify the lithium uptake capability of nanomaterials, in this study following parameters optimized to enhance adsorption rate; including effect of pH, dosage, contact time, and preliminary Li+ solution concentrations. The various kinetics and equilibrium isothermal models applied on experimental data to identify the nature of adsorption phenomena. To make process more economic and efficient, the Li+ desorption experiment performed. Briefly, it can be concluded that the prepared nanocomposites possessed adequate potential for lithium uptake.

Simultaneous resonances of SSMFG cylindrical shells resting on viscoelastic foundations

Kamran Foroutan,Habib Ahmadi 국제구조공학회 2020 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.37 No.1

The present paper investigates the simultaneous resonance behavior of spiral stiffened multilayer functionally graded (SSMFG) cylindrical shells with internal and external functionally graded stiffeners under the two-term large amplitude excitations. The structure is embedded within a generalized nonlinear viscoelastic foundation which is composed of a two-parameter Winkler-Pasternak foundation augmented by a Kelvin-Voigt viscoelastic model with a nonlinear cubic stiffness. The cylindrical shell has three layers consist of ceramic, FGM, and metal. The exterior layer of the cylindrical shell is rich ceramic while the interior layer is rich metal and the functionally graded material layer is located between these layers. With regard to classical shells theory, von-Kármán equation, and Hook law, the relations of stress-strain are derived for shell and stiffeners. The spiral stiffeners of the cylindrical shell are modeled according to the smeared stiffener technique. According to the Galerkin method, the discretized motion equation is obtained. The simultaneous resonance is obtained using the multiple scales method. Finally, the influences of different material and geometrical parameters on the system resonances are investigated comprehensively.

Interactive Effects of Aging Parameters of AA6056

Kamran Dehghani,Atiye Nekahi 대한금속·재료학회 2012 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.18 No.5

The effect of thermomechanical treatment on the aging behavior of AA6056 aluminum alloy was modeled using response surface methodology (RSM). Two models were developed to predict the final yield stress (FYS) and elongation amounts as well as the optimum conditions of aging process. These were done based on the interactive effects of applied thermomechanical parameters. The optimum condition predicted by the model to attain the maximum strength was pre-aging at 80 °C for 15 h, followed by 70%cold work and subsequent final aging at 165 °C for 4 h, which resulted in the FYS of about 480 MPa. As for the elongation, the optimum condition was pre-aging at 80 °C for 15 h, followed by 30% cold work and final-aging at 165 °C for 4 h, which led to 21% elongation. To verify the suggested optimum conditions,the tests were carried out confirming the high accuracy (above 94%) of the RSM technique as well as the developed models. It is shown that the RSM can be used successfully to optimize the aging process,to determine the significance of aging parameters and to model the combination effect of process variables on the aging behavior of AA6056.

Data Preprocessing for Machine-Learning-Based Adaptive Data Center Transmission

Kamran Keykhosravi,Ahad Hamednia,Houman Rastegarfar,Erik Agrell 한국통신학회 2022 ICT Express Vol.8 No.1

To enable optical interconnect fluidity in next-generation data centers, we propose adaptive transmission based on machine learning in a wavelength-routing network. We consider programmable transmitters that can apply possible code rates to connections based on predicted bit error rate (BER) values. To classify the BER, we employ a preprocessing algorithm to feed the traffic data to a neural network classifier. We demonstrate the significance of our proposed preprocessing algorithm and the classifier performance for different values of and switch port count.

Effects of plant-derived smoke on the growth dynamics of Barnyard Grass (Echinochloa crus-galli)

Kamran, Muhammad,Khan, Abdul Latif,Waqas, Muhammad,Imran, Qari Muhammad,Hamayun, Muhammad,Kang, Sang-Mo,Kim, Yoon-Ha,Kim, Min-Ji,Lee, In-Jung Taylor Francis 2014 Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica. Section B, So Vol.64 No.2