Linguistic (Im)Politeness and Characterisation in Interlingual Film Subtitling

Kamilla M. Pak 한국통역번역학회 2019 통역과 번역 Vol.21 No.1

This article deals with the question of the role of linguistic (im)politeness in fictional characterisation and rendering thereof in interlingual film subtitles. The discussion is based on a case study of the 2014 British action film “Kingsman: The Secret Service” and focuses on the representation of one of the film’s protagonists Harry Hart “Gallahad” as a ‘quintessential Englishman’ and gentleman-spy by exploring the pragmastylistic features of the character’s verbal behaviour in the English soundtrack and the Korean subtitles, as well as audience response of both language groups retrieved through the native speakers’ validation procedure. The analysis showed that in many cases the subtitler chose to deviate from the (im)politeness patterns of the original in order to retain the concordance with the situational context of a scene which resulted in the loss of some of the permanent features of the speech portrait of the analysed character. However, by deploying other pragmalinguistic devices, such as the predicate endings of different speech styles that are part of the complex honorific system of the Korean language, the translator was able to achieve a certain degree of similarity to the original impression of the character’s personality in a way that is understandable for the Korean audience.

Termination of nanoscale zero-valent iron reactivity by addition of bromate as a reducing reactivity competitor

Mines, Paul D.,Kaarsholm, Kamilla M. S.,Droumpali, Ariadni,Andersen, Henrik R.,Lee, Wontae,Hwang, Yuhoon Springer-Verlag 2017 JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH Vol.19 No.9

<P>Remediation of contaminated groundwater by nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) is widely becoming a leading environmentally friendly solution throughout the globe. Since a wide range of various nZVIcontaining materials have been developed for effective remediation, it is necessary to determine an appropriate way to terminate the reactivity of any nZVI-containing material for a practical experimental procedure. In this study, bimetallic Ni/Fe-NPs were prepared to enhance overall reduction kinetics owing to the catalytic reactivity of nickel on the surface of nZVI. We have tested several chemical strategies in order to terminate nZVI reactivity without altering the concentration of volatile compounds in the solution. The strategies include surface passivation in alkaline conditions by addition of carbonate, and consumption of nZVI by a reaction competitor. Four halogenated chemicals, trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, atrazine, and 4-chlorophenol, were selected and tested as model groundwater contaminants. Addition of carbonate to passivate the nZVI surface was not effective for trichloroethylene. Nitrate and then bromate were applied to competitively consume nZVI by their faster reduction kinetics. Bromate proved to be more effective than nitrate, subsequently terminating nZVI reactivity for all four of the tested halogenated compounds. Furthermore, the suggested termination method using bromate was successfully applied to obtain trichloroethylene reduction kinetics. Herein, we report the simple and effective method to terminate the reactivity of nZVI by addition of a reducing reactivity competitor.</P>

Evaluation of particle size effect on anionic clay nanomaterial for phosphate removal to wastewater

Tae-Hyun Kim(김태현),Kamilla Bunning,Ulla Gro Nielsen 대한환경공학회 2020 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2020 No.11

Estimating dehalogenation reactivity of nanoscale zero-valent iron by simple colorimetric assay by way of 4-chlorophenol reduction

Paul D. Mines,Kamilla M.S. Kaarsholm,Ariadni Droumpali,Henrik R. Andersen,Yuhoon Hwang 대한환경공학회 2020 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.25 No.2

A number of different nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) materials have been prepared and compared depending on the desired properties for the particular application, but different physicochemical properties of this prepared nZVI make it difficult to universally compare and standardize them to the same scale. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate a simple microplate-based colorimetric assay using 4-chlorophenol as an indicator with respect to the remediation of real treatment targets, such as trichloroethylene (TCE), 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA), and atrazine. Effect of nickel contents on 4-chlorophenol reduction was successfully investigated by the miniaturized colorimetric assay. In the same manner, the effect of nickel contents on dehalogenation of TCE, TCA, and atrazine was investigated and the pseudo-first-order kinetic constants were compared with the results for 4-chlorophenol. The similar pattern could be observed between 4-chlorophenol reduction obtained by colorimetric assay and TCE, TCA, atrazine reduction obtained by a traditional chromatographic method. The reaction kinetics does not match perfectly, but the degree of reaction can be estimated. Therefore, the colorimetric assay can be a useful and simple screening tool to determine nZVI reactivity toward halogenated organics before it is applied to a particular remediation site.

Global Perspectives on Democracy and Public Stadium Finance

Timothy Kellison,Michael P. Sam,Sungil Hong,Kamilla Swart,Michael J. Mondell 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2020 Journal of Global Sport Management Vol.5 No.4

Arenas, ballparks, and stadiums built for professional sports teams or mega-events all around the world often come with large public costs. In democratic states, citizens are assumed to have a role in public policymaking, but previous research suggests the strength of this role can vary case-to-case. To examine the incidence of public stadium finance and public participation across the geopolitical landscape, a collective case study was employed and organized into regime type (i.e., full democracies, flawed democracies, hybrid regimes, authoritarian regimes). The results of the study show clear contrasts in the financing mechanisms within and between regime types. Additionally, each case-study grouping contained examples of citizen-led public participation, though the efficacy of these democratic actions is questionable. This review complements the growing literature on public policy and stadium finance by assessing public engagement in current stadium-subsidy debates around the world.

SERS-based monitoring of the intracellular pH in endothelial cells: the influence of the extracellular environment and tumour necrosis factor-α

Jaworska, Aleksandra,Jamieson, Lauren E.,Malek, Kamilla,Campbell, Colin J.,Choo, Jaebum,Chlopicki, Stefan,Baranska, Malgorzata The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 The Analyst Vol.140 No.7

<P>The intracellular pH plays an important role in various cellular processes. In this work, we describe a method for monitoring of the intracellular pH in endothelial cells by using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (MBA) anchored to gold nanoparticles as pH-sensitive probes. Using the Raman microimaging technique, we analysed changes in intracellular pH induced by buffers with acid or alkaline pH, as well as in endothelial inflammation induced by tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα). The targeted nanosensor enabled spatial pH measurements revealing distinct changes of the intracellular pH in endosomal compartments of the endothelium. Altogether, SERS-based analysis of intracellular pH proves to be a promising technique for a better understanding of intracellular pH regulation in various subcellular compartments.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>The intracellular pH plays an important role in various cellular processes. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4an01988a'> </P>

Postoperative Low-Dose Tranexamic Acid After Major Spine Surgery: A Matched Cohort Analysis

Lauren K. Dunn,Ching-Jen Chen,Davis G. Taylor,Kamilla Esfahani,Brian Brenner,Charles Luo,Thomas J. Buell,Sarah N. Spangler,Avery L. Buchholz,Justin S. Smith,Christopher I. Shaffrey,Edward C. Nemergut 대한척추신경외과학회 2020 Neurospine Vol.17 No.4

Objective: This was a retrospective, cohort study investigating the efficacy and safety of continuous low-dose postoperative tranexamic acid (PTXA) on drain output and transfusion requirements following adult spinal deformity surgery. Methods: One hundred forty-seven patients undergoing posterior instrumented thoracolumbar fusion of ≥3 vertebral levels at a single institution who received low-dose PTXA infusion (0.5–1 mg/kg/hr) for 24 hours were compared to 292 control patients who did not receive PTXA. The cohorts were propensity matched based on age, sex, American Society of Anesthesiologist physical status classification, body mass index, number of surgical levels, revision surgery, operative duration, and total intraoperative TXA dose (n=106 in each group). Primary outcome was 72-hour postoperative drain output. Secondary outcomes were number of allogeneic blood transfusions. Results: There was no significant difference in postoperative drain output in the PTXA group compared to control (660±420 mL vs. 710±490 mL, p=0.46). The PTXA group received significantly more crystalloid (6,100±3,100 mL vs. 4,600±2,400 mL, p<0.001) and red blood cell transfusions postoperatively (median [interquartile range]: 1 [0–2] units vs. 0 [0–1] units; incidence rate ratio [95% confidence interval], 1.6 [1.2–2.2]; p=0.001). Rates of adverse events were comparable between groups. Conclusion: Continuous low-dose PTXA infusion was not associated with reduced drain output after spinal deformity surgery. No difference in thromboembolic incidence was observed. A prospective dose escalation study is warranted to investigate the efficacy of higher dose PTXA.

Malignant Tumours of the Central Nervous System in Kazakhstan - Incidence Trends from 2004-2011

Igissinov, Nurbek,Akshulakov, Serik,Igissinov, Saginbek,Moore, Malcolm,Adilbekov, Yerzhan,Gaitova, Kamilla,Kissaev, Yermek,Mustafina, Meruert Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.7

In the article were observed the epidemiological aspects of malignant tumors of the central nervous system (MT CNS) in Kazakhstan in a retrospective study for the years 2004-2011. The material of the study was consolidated accounting data of oncology centers on patients with MT CNS (C70-72) with first time established diagnosis. Calculated were crude, age, standardized (world standard), aligned and predicted incidence of MT CNS among both male and female populations. It was found that over the studied period, there were 4,604 cases of MT CNS. The average annual crude incidence rate of MT CNS in total population was $3.7{\pm}0.1^0/_{0000}$. Trends in aligned incidence rates in the whole country had a tendency to increase (T=+0.9%). Defined levels of morbidity MT CNS in the whole population in different regions of Kazakhstan: low up to $2.87^0/_{0000}$, the average from 2.87 to $4.45^0/_{0000}$ and high from $4.45^0/_{0000}$ and above on the basis of which was given the space-time estimate. Age and sex differences in MT CNS incidence were also clearly established.