Film Propaganda and the Anti-schistosomiasis Campaign in Communist China

Ka Wai Fan 성균관대학교 동아시아학술원 2012 Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.12 No.1

The Intended Curriculum and Cultural Traditions -A Comparative Case Study of Berlin and Hong Kong

( Ka Wai Lui ),( Leung Frederick Koon Shing ) 한국수학교육학회 2011 수학교육연구 Vol.15 No.3

Many studies such as Pepin (1999a; 1999b), Kaiser (2002), and Park & Leung (2006) revealed that there is a strong dependence of mathematics teaching on cultural traditions in different countries. This study was set up as a detailed comparison between the intended curricula in Berlin and Hong Kong to explore how cultural tradition influenced the intended curriculum. In this study, the intended curriculum is what the (local, state or national) curriculum developers stipulate in the official documents. The German educational system is influenced by the curriculum tradition called Didaktik. Didaktik is a tradition about teaching and learning. Since 16th century, Didaktik has been the most important tool for planning, enacting, and thinking about teaching in most of northern and central Europe (Westbury, 1998). On the other hand, the education system in Hong Kong is influenced by both the Anglo-Saxon curriculum tradition and the Confucian heritage culture (CHC). It was found in this study that, although many studies revealed that there is a strong dependence on cultural traditions of mathematics teaching in different countries, other factors such as social factors or the education system also played an important part in shaping the intended mathematics curriculum. So a simplistic view of dependence of the curriculum on cultural traditions is not warranted. The formation of the curriculum is a much more complicated process encompassing various factors including needs of society, advancement of technology, and government policies at different Levels.

Effect of moderate-to-severe hepatic steatosis on neutralising antibody response among BNT162b2 and CoronaVac recipients

Ka Shing Cheung,Lok Ka Lam,Rex Wan Hin Hui,Xianhua Mao,Ruiqi R Zhang,Kwok Hung Chan,Ivan FN Hung,Wai Kay Seto,Man-Fung Yuen 대한간학회 2022 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.28 No.3

Background/Aims: Studies of hepatic steatosis (HS) effect on COVID-19 vaccine immunogenicity are lacking. We aimed to compare immunogenicity of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac among moderate/severe HS and control subjects. Methods: Two hundred ninety-five subjects who received BNT162b2 or CoronaVac vaccines from five vaccination centers were categorized into moderate/severe HS (controlled attenuation parameter ≥268 dB/m on transient elastography) (n=74) or control (n=221) groups. Primary outcomes were seroconversion rates of neutralising antibody by live virus Microneutralization (vMN) assay (titer ≥10) at day21 (BNT162b2) or day28 (CoronaVac) and day56 (both). Secondary outcome was highest-tier titer response (top 25% of vMN titer; cutoff: 160 [BNT162b2] and 20 [CoronaVac]) at day 56. Results: For BNT162b2 (n=228, 77.3%), there was no statistical differences in seroconversion rates (day21: 71.7% vs. 76.6%; day56: 100% vs. 100%) or vMN geometric mean titer (GMT) (day21: 13.2 vs. 13.3; day56: 91.9 vs. 101.4) among moderate/severe HS and control groups respectively. However, lower proportion of moderate/severe HS patients had highest-tier response (day56: 5.0% vs. 15.5%; P=0.037). For CoronaVac (n=67, 22.7%), there was no statistical differences in seroconversion rates (day21: 7.1% vs. 15.1%; day56: 64.3% vs. 83.0%) or vMN GMT (5.3 vs. 5.8,) at day28. However, moderate/severe HS patients had lower vMN GMT (9.1 vs. 14.8, P=0.021) at day 56 with lower proportion having highesttier response (21.4% vs. 52.8%, P=0.036). Conclusions: While there was no difference in seroconversion rate between moderate/severe HS and control groups after two doses of vaccine, a lower proportion of moderate/severe HS patients achieved highest-tier response for either BNT162b2 or CoronaVac.

電子學習對香港小學生書寫漢字的影響

( Wai Yi Chou ),( Chun Man Sin ),( Wai Ip Lam ),( King Ping Chan ),( Ka Man Ma ) 한국한자한문교육학회 2014 漢字 漢文敎育 Vol.33 No.-

홍콩 교육당국은 90년대부터 적극적으로 정보통신기술을 이용한 학습을 추진 하였다. 그러나 전자학습이 소학교 학생들의 연필을 잡고 한자를 쓰는데 있어 어떤 영향을 미칠 것인가에 대해서는 여전히 많은 논쟁이 있다. 전자교재를 교육의 보조도구로 활용하는 방안은 이미 20년을 넘도록 추진되고 있으나, 오직 학자들만이 가끔씩 이 변화가 가져오는 이익과 손해에 대해서 관심을 가지고 있을 뿐이다. 본 연구는 두 개의 소학교에 있는 네 개 반의 5학년 학생 80명을 연구 대상으로 삼아, 녹화와 분석을 통해 학생들의 한자쓰기를 상하구조, 좌우구조, 전포위구조, 반포위구조 등으로 분류하고, 계량화하였다. 이 때 비교실험군(전자학습반)과 통제군(전통학습반)으로 나누고 학생들의 한자 쓰기 필순의 습관과 틀리게 쓰는 상황이 각기 다르게 나타는 상황과 한자 쓰기 퀴즈와 면담의 내용 까지도 실험 내용에 포함시켰다. 연구를 통해 우리는 대조군과 실험군에서 암묵적으로 사용하는 한자쓰기와 필순에 별다른 차이가 없음을 발견하였다. 하지만 실험조의 낮은 수준의 학생들은 암묵적 쓰기에 있어서 대조군의 낮은 수준의 학생에 비해 현격하게 낮은 결과를 나타내었다. 교사 심층 면담을 통해 전자학습이 학생들의 한자 쓰기에 부정적 영향을 미치고 있으며, 합리적인 하자교육의 운용과 평가, 학교 공부를 통해 이를 감소시키거나 없앨 수 있음을 알았다. 바대로 얘기하자면 보조적인 교수 학습 전략이 부족하다면 낮은 수준의 학생들은 한자를 학습하는데 부정적인 영향이 계속 될 가능성이 있으며, 학습에 부담을 증가시킬 수 있다는 것이다. 때문에 교사는 전자학습의 보조적인 전략을 운영할 때에도 많은 주의를 기울여야 한다. The Hong Kong Education Bureau has been actively promoting e-learning since the 90s. However, it is still debatable whether the use of electronic media for learning is of negative influence to primary students` handwriting for Chinese characters. Ever since the adoption of e-learning, few scholars have paid ample and close attention to the pros and cons derived from the change. This research is based on four classes of 80 primary five students in total as subjects, through video recording and analysis of the performance of students` handwriting specifically by approaches such as evaluation of top-bottom, left-right and whole-surrounded, semi-surrounded structure of Chinese characters. To measure and compare between the experimental group (learning Chinese characters through electronic materials) and the control group (learning Chinese characters through traditional materials), handwriting of Chinese characters including order of strokes and seriousness of characters mistakes, were studied to see the difference. The research data includes the interviews of the teachers and the results of the Chinese characters writing test. The findings of this research, generally speaking, is that the experimental group has no significant difference in dictation ability and stroke order compared to the control group. However, low-achieving students in the experimental group are found to have lower dictation abilities than that of the control group. The teachers interview show that if the strategies, assessments and assignments of the teaching of literacy are well coordinated, the negative effect of e-learning on writing Chinese characters may be diminished or even eliminated. On the contrary, the insufficiency of corresponding strategies and the subsequent workloads may cause negative effect of learning Chinese character for low-achieving students. Therefore, teachers have to be careful while using corresponding strategies for teaching Chinese characters.

CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR EXPANDING 3PL BUSINESS IN GREATER CHINA

Ivan Ka-Wai LAI,Connie Cheng-Fang HSU 인하대학교 정석물류통상연구원 2007 인하대학교 정석물류통상연구원 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.3

China’s accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) enabled the China economy to grow rapidly at rates in excess of 10% per annum. China emerges as the largest world workshop. The demand for Third Party Logistics (3PL) services is growing very quickly. The Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (CEPA) creates new opportunities for Hong Kong 3PL providers to operate their wholly-owned companies in China. However, due to different culture and business environment, many Hong Kong 3PL providers experienced hardship to expand their business in China. This paper presents a case study of how a Hong Kong 3PL provider started its business in Shanghai. The study explores the challenges that the selected 3PL provider faced and how the 3PL provider turned those difficulties into opportunities. The study provides useful reference to relevant researchers and firms.

Film Propaganda and the Anti-schistosomiasis Campaign in Communist China

Fan, Ka-wai 성균관대학교 동아시아학술원 2012 Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.12 No.1

Schistosomiasis (also known as bilharzia or snail fever) is a fatal disease common to the southern provinces of China. Many people have already contracted this illness or are currently at risk. In 1955, Chairman Mao Zedong proposed a national anti-schistosomiasis campaign to fight the disease that was also aimed at increasing agricultural production and mobilizing mass participation in the campaign. The Chinese Communist Party produced a feature film, Kumu fengchun, in 1961, which was used as a propaganda tool to disseminate what the party wanted the masses to know. This film served both to mobilize the masses to participate in the campaign and to give them hope and lead them to believe that the disease could be cured. In 1964, the film was presented in rural areas of the southern provinces of China, playing an important role in the 1960s campaign to eliminate the disease.

Statistical Tracing of Magnetic Fields: Comparing and Improving the Techniques

Yuen, Ka Ho,Chen, Junda,Hu, Yue,Ho, Ka Wai,Lazarian, A.,Lazarian, Victor,Yang, Bo,Burkhart, Blakesley,Correia, Caio,Cho, Jungyeon,Canto, Bruno,Medeiros, J. R. De American Astronomical Society 2018 The Astrophysical journal Vol.865 No.1

當代香港「中日夾雜」現象初探 -從近年的報刊、雜誌用語談起

홍가혜 ( Ka Wai Hung ),기영화 ( Wing Wah Ki ) 한국한자한문교육학회 2012 漢字 漢文敎育 Vol.28 No.-

淸末民初, 大量由日人創製的新詞譯詞隨日譯外國書籍及留日中國士子傳入中國;八九十年代, 日語新詞隨日本的流行文化和技術, 傳入中港臺等地, 흔起日語新詞渗入漢語的第二個高潮。中日之間過去有過大規模的語言接觸, 令兩種語言之間存在大量的同形詞。日本文化廳的《中國語と對應する漢語》中所收錄的詞彙裡, 75%爲同形詞, 當中大部빈更屬於詞義相同或非常接近的「S(Same)」類(文化廳, 1978)。母語的正遷移作用令漢語母語話者「望文生義」, 較易掌握日語中的漢字詞彙。然而, 以漢語中的知識理解日本漢語詞彙, 其實容易造成詞義理解上的偏差和誤解, 因爲中日同形詞中還有一些詞義不同的同形異義詞。本文將以21世紀(2000至今)的報刊、雜誌爲對象, 探討「日語借詞」在香港社會的使用槪況、特點和背後的原因等, 藉以了解香港日語學習者在「中日夾雜」的語言環境下, 掌握日語漢字詞彙的困難。 During the late Qing dynasty and the early Republic of China, a large number of new terms and translated terms invented by Japanese were introduced into China through Japanese translation of foreign texts and by Chinese scholars studied in Japan. Similarly, during the 1980s and 1990s, new Japanese terms were introduced into China, Hong Kong and Taiwan together with Japanese popular cultures and technologies, which is the second wave of new Japanese terms diffusing into Chinese language. There has been extensive language contact between Japan and China, generating a large number of Japanese-Chinese homographs. Within the vocabulary included in 《中國語と對應する漢語》(Kango and the corresponding Chinese terms) published by Agency for Cultural Affairs of Japanese, 75% are homographs, and many of which even belong to the “S(Same)” category of terms having the same or very close meaning (Agency for Cultural Affairs of Japanese, 1978). Native Chinese speakers, through positive transfer of their mother tongue, are able to identify the meaning of a word basing on its form. Hence it is easier for them to master the Sino-Japanese vocabulary (or kango) in the Japanese language. However, if the Sino-Japanese vocabulary are interpreted based on what we know in the context of Chinese language, it would be prone to misinterpretation and error because there are still some Japanese-Chinese homographs that are false friends, though they look similar, their meaning in the two languages differ. This paper will review newspapers and magazines of the 21st century (i.e. from 2000 onward) to investigate how “Japanese loanwords” are employed in Hong Kong, the characteristics of use, and the reason behind. The findings will help understand the problems met by the learners of Japanese language in Hong Kong, a language environment with Chinese and Japanese mingling together”.

Long-term Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Profile and Seroclearance after Severe Acute Flares of Chronic Hepatitis B

Hui Ka-Yin,Fung James,Cheung Ka-Shing,Mak Lung-Yi,Seto Wai-Kay,Yuen Man-Fung 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2023 Gut and Liver Vol.17 No.2

Background/Aims: Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroclearance remains uncommon in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. During acute flares of CHB (AFOCHB), alanine aminotransferase elevation reflects a mounting immune response toward viral clearance. We hypothesized that severe AFOCHB is associated with a greater quantitative HBsAg (qHBsAg) decline and HBsAg seroclearance rate. Methods: A total of 75 patients with severe AFOCHB with alanine aminotransferase 10× the upper limit of normal were matched to a control group by age and sex in a 1:2 ratio. qHBsAg levels were measured at the time of flare and annually (for both cases and controls) until the last follow-up. Results: The median follow-up times for patients with severe AFOCHB and controls were 8.8 and 10.5 years, respectively. The cumulative rate of HBsAg seroclearance was higher in the severe AFOCHB group than in the control group (11.8% vs 5.0%, p=0.04) despite the former group having a trend of a higher baseline median qHBsAg (3,127 IU/mL vs 1,178 IU/mL, p=0.076). Compared with the control group, the severe AFOCHB group had a greater annual qHBsAg reduction (–242.4 IU/mL/yr vs –47.3 IU/mL/yr, p=0.002). Increasing age (p=0.049), lower baseline qHBsAg (p=0.002), and severe AFOCHB (p=0.014) were independently associated with HBsAg seroclearance. However, the cumulative rate of hepatocellular carcinoma was significantly higher in the severe AFOCHB group than in the control group (15.8% vs 1.9%, p<0.001). Conclusions: Severe AFOCHB was associated with a greater incidence of HBsAg seroclearance and qHBsAg decline. However, it was associated with a higher incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Rates of metachronous adenoma after curative resection for left-sided or right-sided colon cancer

( Yuk Fai Lam ),( Wai Kay Seto ),( Teresa Tong ),( Ka Shing Cheung ),( Oswens Lo ),( Ivan Fn Hung ),( Wai Lun Law ),( Wai K Leung ) 대한장연구학회 2018 Intestinal Research Vol.16 No.4

Background/Aims: We determined the rates of metachronous colorectal neoplasm in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients after resection for right (R)-sided or left (L)-sided cancer. Methods: Consecutive CRC patients who had undergone surgical resection for curative intent in our hospital between 2001 and 2004 were identified. R-sided colonic cancers refer to cancer proximal to splenic flexure whereas L-sided cancers include rectal cancers. Patients were included only if they had a clearing colonoscopy performed either before or within 6 months after the operation. Findings of surveillance colonoscopy performed up to 5 years after colonic resection were included in the analysis. Results: Eight hundred and sixty-three CRC patients underwent curative surgical resection during the study period. Three hundred and twenty-seven patients (107 R-sided and 220 L-sided) fulfilled the inclusion criteria and had at least 1 postoperative surveillance colonoscopy performed. The proportion of patients who had polyp and adenoma on surveillance colonoscopy was significantly higher among patients with L-sided than R-sided cancers (polyps: 30.9% vs. 19.6%, P=0.03; adenomas: 25.5% vs. 13.1%, P=0.01). The mean number of adenoma per patient on surveillance colonoscopy was also higher for patients with L-sided than R-sided tumors (0.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.37-0.68 vs. 0.22; 95% CI, 0.08-0.35; P<0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that L-sided cancers, age, male gender and longer follow-up were independent predictors of adenoma detection on surveillance colonoscopy. Conclusions: Patients with L-sided cancer had a higher rate of metachronous polyps and adenoma than those with R-sided cancer on surveillance colonoscopy. (Intest Res 2018;16:619-627)