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A Study on the Role of Accommodation for the Promotion of Domestic Tourism in Tamilnadu
( K. Karthick ),( M. K. Ganesh ) 한국문화관광학회 2018 문화관광연구 Vol.20 No.2
At present, tourism in Tamil Nadu is capable of attracting more tourists in its folds particularly in respect of attracting domestic tourists. The above picture is highly apparent from viewpoints of the local people, domestic tourists and accommodation providers. In Tamil Nadu, participation in tourism-related activities is seen to be more among local people as well as among hoteliers. Most of the hoteliers in various regions of tourism importance under study provide most of the facilities required for tourists’ less than one roof. That is, they provide facilities such as restaurant, car rentals, laundry and doctors on call for tourists
K. Karthick,S. Malarvizhi,V. Balasubramanian,S.A. Krishnan,G. Sasikala,Shaju K. Albert 한국원자력학회 2018 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.50 No.1
Modified 9Cr-1Mo ferritic steel is a preferred material for steam generators in nuclear power plants fortheir creep strength and good corrosion resistance. Austenitic stainless steels, such as type 316LN, areused in the high temperature segments such as reactor pressure vessels and primary piping systems. So,the dissimilar joints between these materials are inevitable. In this investigation, dissimilar joints werefabricated by the Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) process with Inconel 82/182 filler metals. Thenotch tensile properties and Charpy V-notch impact toughness properties of various regions of dissimilarmetal weld joints (DMWJs) were evaluated as per the standards. The microhardness distribution acrossthe DMWJs was recorded. Microstructural features of different regions were characterized by optical andscanning electron microscopy. Inhomogeneous notch tensile properties were observed across theDMWJs. Impact toughness values of various regions of the DMWJs were slightly higher than the prescribedvalue. Formation of a carbon-enriched hard zone at the interface between the ferritic steel andthe buttering material enhanced the notch tensile properties of the heat-affected-zone (HAZ) of P91. Thecomplex microstructure developed at the interfaces of the DMWJs was the reason for inhomogeneousmechanical properties
Karthick Raj Mani,Sagar Upadhayay,K. J. Maria Das 대한방사선종양학회 2017 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.35 No.1
Purpose: To Study the dosimetric advantage of the Jaw tracking technique in intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for Head and Neck Cancers. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively selected 10 previously treated head and neck cancer patients stage (T1/T2, N1, M0) in this study. All the patients were planned for IMRT and VMAT with simultaneous integrated boost technique. IMRT and VMAT plans were performed with jaw tracking (JT) and with static jaw (SJ) technique by keeping the same constraints and priorities for a particular patient. Target conformity, dose to the critical structures and low dose volumes were recorded and analyzed for IMRT and VMAT plans with and without JT for all the patients. Results: The conformity index average of all patients followed by standard deviation (x¯ ± σx¯ ) of the JT-IMRT, SJ-IMRT, JT-VMAT, and SJ-VMAT were 1.72 ± 0.56, 1.67 ± 0.57, 1.83 ± 0.65, and 1.85 ± 0.64, and homogeneity index were 0.059 ± 0.05, 0.064 ± 0.05, 0.064 ± 0.04, and 0.064 ± 0.05. JT-IMRT shows significant mean reduction in right parotid and left parotid shows of 7.64% (p < 0.001) and 7.45% (p < 0.001) compare to SJ-IMRT. JT-IMRT plans also shows considerable dose reduction to thyroid, inferior constrictors, spinal cord and brainstem compared to the SJ-IMRT plans. Conclusion: Significant dose reductions were observed for critical structure in the JT-IMRT compared to SJ-IMRT technique. In JTVMAT plans dose reduction to the critical structure were not significant compared to the SJ-IMRT due to relatively lesser monitor units.
Mani, Karthick Raj,Upadhayay, Sagar,Das, K.J. Maria The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2017 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.35 No.1
Purpose: To Study the dosimetric advantage of the Jaw tracking technique in intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for Head and Neck Cancers. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively selected 10 previously treated head and neck cancer patients stage (T1/T2, N1, M0) in this study. All the patients were planned for IMRT and VMAT with simultaneous integrated boost technique. IMRT and VMAT plans were performed with jaw tracking (JT) and with static jaw (SJ) technique by keeping the same constraints and priorities for a particular patient. Target conformity, dose to the critical structures and low dose volumes were recorded and analyzed for IMRT and VMAT plans with and without JT for all the patients. Results: The conformity index average of all patients followed by standard deviation (${\bar{x}}{\pm}{\sigma}_{\bar{x}}$) of the JT-IMRT, SJ-IMRT, JT-VMAT, and SJ-VMAT were $1.72{\pm}0.56$, $1.67{\pm}0.57$, $1.83{\pm}0.65$, and $1.85{\pm}0.64$, and homogeneity index were $0.059{\pm}0.05$, $0.064{\pm}0.05$, $0.064{\pm}0.04$, and $0.064{\pm}0.05$. JT-IMRT shows significant mean reduction in right parotid and left parotid shows of 7.64% (p < 0.001) and 7.45% (p < 0.001) compare to SJ-IMRT. JT-IMRT plans also shows considerable dose reduction to thyroid, inferior constrictors, spinal cord and brainstem compared to the SJ-IMRT plans. Conclusion: Significant dose reductions were observed for critical structure in the JT-IMRT compared to SJ-IMRT technique. In JT-VMAT plans dose reduction to the critical structure were not significant compared to the SJ-IMRT due to relatively lesser monitor units.
La-doped ZnO nanoflower as photocatalyst for methylene blue dye degradation under UV irradiation
Hemalatha, P.,Karthick, S. N.,Hemalatha, K. V.,Yi, M.,Kim, H. J.,Alagar, M. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Journal of materials science Materials in electron Vol.27 No.3
<P>Lanthanum doped ZnO flower-like structured nanoparticles were synthesized through microwave assisted sol-gel technique. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy analysis confirmed the size, structural morphology and successful compound formation of the samples. The band gap was calculated from Tauc's plot using UV-Vis spectroscopy data. Lanthanum doped ZnO nanoparticles were used for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye under UV light irradiation. Compared to pure ZnO sample, La-doped samples exhibited higher photocatalytic dye degradation under UV light irradiation with short time duration. Among the different amounts of dopant, 3 mol% La-doped ZnO nano rods showed the highest degradation with short time UV light irradiation (60 min). Other factors such as particle size, morphology and defects also affect the photocatalytic activity. In our study, the main factor that influence photocatalytic activity is the separation of photo induced electron-hole pair due to defects formation in the sample. The 3 mol% sample has the appropriate electron-hole separation due to defects compared to pure ZnO. The influence of defects on the photocatalytic activity of all samples has been revealed using photoluminescence spectroscopy analysis. Furthermore, the effect of various operational parameters such as photocatalyst quantity, dye concentration and dopant concentrations were also optimized.</P>
Isopod Parasite Induced Secondary Microbial Infection in Marine Food Fishes
( Ravichandran S ),( K Sivasubramanian ),( P Parasuraman ),( D. Karthick Rajan ),( G. Ramesh Kumar ) 한국어병학회 2016 한국어병학회지 Vol.29 No.1
Isopods are parasitic crustaceans that pose serious threat to fisheries. Several studies have tried to explore the host-pathogen relationship between marine fishes and isopods. The present study aims to understanding the secondary infections in marine fishes pertaining to isopods. To assess the secondary infection in infected fishes, parasite infested and healthy tissues of fishes were collected. The samples were subjected to standard microbiological procedure to identify the presence of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Our results showed the branchial region had the higher microbial load of non-sporulating cenocytic fungi in infected fishes. Moreover, fungal strains isolated from the parasitic lesion confirmed that the parasitation and body lesion facilitates the entry of several pathogenic microbes at the damaged host tissue. More over the immune regulation of fish fights back by producing minute cysts, trying to encapsulate the growing fungus. But this may eventually lead to systemic infestation and death of the fish.
Gopireddy Rajesh,Rangasamy Karthick,Goni Vijay G.,Vatsya Pulak,Behera Prateek,Batra Yatindra K.,Vaishnavi Chetana 대한척추외과학회 2021 Asian Spine Journal Vol.15 No.6
Study Design: Prospective cohort study. Purpose: Inflammatory cytokines produced at the site of disc herniation are considered as pain generators in patients with lumbar disc disease. Whether a high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) assay can be used in order to predict the quantum of inflammation surrounding nerve roots is a matter of investigation. This study aimed to evaluate the association of hs-CRP level and functional outcomes measured by the Modified Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire (MODY) before and after epidural steroid injection (ESI) in patients with lumbar disc disease. Overview of Literature: Although many studies examining the role of hs-CRP levels and lumbar pain have been published previously, the results are equivocal, and there is no clear consensus regarding which patients will benefit from an ESI. Methods: This was a prospective study, with 77 patients in the study group and 23 participants in the control group. Baseline hsCRP levels were obtained for both groups. Study group patients received a single ESI and were subjected to detailed pre- and postprocedure evaluation using MODY scores. For this group, hs-CRP levels were measured at 1 and 2 months after injection. Results: Out of 77 patients, 52 had acute and 25 had chronic low back pain. Thirty-six patients with acute pain obtained significant improvement, while 16 had an insignificant response to the ESI. None of the chronic cases had a significant response. The mean baseline hs-CRP (mg/L) among the study group (29.83±10.43) was significantly higher than for the controls (10.26±2.783). The baseline hs-CRP among acute cases, where post ESI MODY score at 2 months had significant reduction, was 32.19±5.126, and those with insignificant reduction was 18.13±7.949 (p<0.001). Conclusions: Baseline hs-CRP levels can be used to prognosticate the outcome following ESI in patients with acute lumbar disc disease, with radicular pain refractory to physiotherapy and analgesics.